• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.191-197
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine immediate effects of 15 minutes plantarflexor static stretching in quite stance. Methods : Twenty-nine subjects were measured static balance during 1 minute in quite stance with eye closed condition before and after 15 minutes plantarflexor static stretching. Static stretching range was limited from $15^{\circ}$ to $20^{\circ}$ dorsiflexion within comfortable range. Results : The result of this study showed that postural sway significantly increased during 1 minute quiet stance after 15 minutes static stretching(p<.05). Before stretching, postural sway significantly decreased during 41-60 seconds compared to 0-20, 21-40 seconds(p<.05). After stretching, postural sway was decreased significantly over time 0-20, 21-40, and 41-60 seconds(p<.05). Conclusion : The prolong plantarflexor static stretching may require biomechanical, neurological adaptations prior to walking or sport activities for safety.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2014

Purpose : To determined the effect of self-stretching and manual therapy on ankle joint about ROM and persisting effect. Method : Twenty participants(6 male, 14 female) ramdomly divided into self-stretching and manual therapy group. Each participant started with lunge test then self-stretching and manual therapy intervention was performed. After intervention lunge test was performed again. Last lunge test was performed after 30 minute break. Result : Result of lunge test showed both self-stretching and manual therapy group have significant difference in immediate increase of ROM and persistence effect(p<0.05). However, persistence effect of each group did not show significant difference(p>0.05). Conclusion : Manual therapy and well-designed self-stretching by therapist showed the effect in increase ROM.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.11-18
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate Influence of Stretching exercise on Flexibility of Trunk and Equilibrium Ability in Post-Adolescent. Methods : Stretching group(n=20), control group(n=20) measured trunk extension ROM, trunk flexion ROM, trunk lateral flexion ROM, and equilibrium ability at pre-intervention, post-intervention in 3 weeks, post-intervention in 6 weeks. Results : Trunk extension ROM, trunk flexion ROM, trunk lateral flexion ROM, and equilibrium ability of stretching group was significantly increased within the intervention period (p<.05). The trunk extension ROM, trunk lateral flexion ROM, equilibrium ability was significantly different among the experimental groups at in 3 weeks and in 6 weeks, but trunk flexion ROM was significantly different at only in 6 weeks(p<.05). Conclusion : In conclusion, it was found stretching exercise can increase Flexibility of Trunk and Equilibrium Ability. stretching exercise need to be applied for Post-Adolescent.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.137-147
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• 2023

Dynamic analysis of a shear deformable shell is investigated with accounting thickness stretching using Hamilton's principle. Through this method, the total transverse is composed into bending, shearing and stretching portions, in which the third part is responsible for deformation along the transverse direction. After computation of the strain, kinetic and external energies, the governing motion equations are derived using Hamilton's principle. A comparative study is presented before presentation of full numerical results for confirmation of the formulation and methodology. The results are presented with and without thickness stretching to show importance of the proposed theory in comparison with previous theories without thickness stretching.

• Advanced Industrial SCIence
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.15-21
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• 2023

In this study, we wanted to know the change in the craniovertebral angle before and after stretching and muscle tone according to rest time immediately after stretching. 57 students in their 20s and 30s were targeted, and the craniovertebral angle was compared before and after stretching. Static manual stretching was applied for stretching, and after 30 seconds, it was repeated three times with a break time of 10 seconds, and before stretching, immediately after, two minutes after, and five minutes after stretching were measured using muscle tone measuring equipment. As a result, there was no significant difference in craniovertebral angle before and after stretching, and the change in muscle tone according to the rest time after stretching was more significant after 5 minutes than before stretching. It is more effective to take five minutes to rest after stretching, reduce muscle tone than working immediately after stretching.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2016

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of passive stretching exercises of the scalene muscles known as respiratory accessory muscles, on forced vital capacity. METHODS: Ten of the participants were randomly selected as an experiment group to perform passive stretching exercises on the scalene muscles. Ten additional students were selected randomly as a control group. The forced vital capacity was assessed by using a digital spirometer (Pony FX, COSMED Inc, Italy) both before and after the passive stretching exercises were performed. Subsequently, passive stretching exercises of the scalene muscles were performed in the experimental group. There were no interventions to the control group. RESULTS: As for the forced vital capacity (FVC), the experiment group showed significant increase in items of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$), peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in 1 second/vital capacity ($FEV_1/VC$), and maximal expiratory flow 75%(MEF 75%) after the scalenemuscles passive stretching exercises were performed. The control group, however, showed no change. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that passive stretching exercises of the scalene muscles could be helpful for forced vital capacity improvement.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.8-16
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• 2008

The range of motion (ROM) of ankle dorsiflexion in older women was associated with gait abnormalities and the risk of falls. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self-stretching exercise on the flexibility of the plantar flexors of the ankle and the characteristics of gait in healthy elderly women. Fifteen participants were assigned randomly into an exercise (n=8) or control (n=7) group. The exercise group attended a self-stretching program approximately 30 minutes for 3 days per week for 4 weeks. The active ankle dorsiflexion ROM and gait measurements were taken prior to beginning the stretching program and 1 day after the last stretching day. Results showed that the active ankle dorsiflexion ROM was significantly increased in the exercise group than in the control group after the stretching program (p<.05). However, gait parameters, including gait speed, cadence, and stride length were not significantly different between the two groups (p>.05). The results suggest that a 4-week self-stretching program is capable of provoking a significant increase in ankle dorsiflexion ROM in elderly, community-dwelling women. Additional research is needed to investigate the effect of gait-specific exercise combined with stretching exercise on gait ability.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.196-203
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• 2006

Objectives: This study was conducted to test whether stretching helps high school students recover from their fatigue and improve concentration. Method: The method of this study adopted a nonequivalent control group with pre-test and post-test designs. The period of data collection was from November to December in 2004. The 135 subjects were randomly selected from two high schools in Ulsan : one school as control group(n=66) and the other school as an experimental group(n=69). The experimental group had stretching for 10 minutes before the start of their fifth period class, five times a week(once a day) 4weeks of period, but the control group did not do. Result: After stretching, the students' level of fatigue in the experiment group was immensely reduced (t=4.75, p<.001). After the stretching, the concentration level of the experimental group increased vastly compared to the control group (t=3.35, p≤.005). Conclusion: Stretching is useful to reduce fatigue and improve concentration of high school students. This study recommended that stretching, which is not limited by high physical techniques, or specific time or spaces would help high school students' health, since they do not exercise regularly and are tired physically and mentally.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

Purpose : This study aimed to examine the Influence of muscle strengthening exercise and stretching exercise of trunk extensor muscles on muscular strength and flexibility in adolescent of the twenties. Methods : Muscle strengthening exercise group(n=10), stretching exercise group(n=10) and strengthening and stretching exercise group(n=10) were measured muscular strength by digital back and leg dynamometer and flexibility by sit and reach test and trunk extension test at pre-intervention and post-intervention in 4weeks. Results : The flexibility 1, flexibility 2 and muscular strength of muscle strengthening exercise group were significantly increased within the intervention period(p<.05). The flexibility 2 and muscular strength of stretching exercise group were significantly increased within the intervention period(p<.05). but flexibility 1 was not significantly different at in 4 weeks(p>.05). The flexibility 1, flexibility 2 and muscular strength of muscle strengthening and stretching exercise group were significantly increased within the intervention period(p<.05). Conclusion : We were found that muscle strengthening exercise and stretching exercise of trunk extensor muscles could improve muscular strength and flexibility for adolescent of the twenties.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.329-337
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to assess more effective exercise prescription for the people with chronic neck pain by comparing stretching exercise and isometric exercise about strength and pain. Method : The research design of the study was that 20 young adults with mild neck disability (5-14 out of 50 in Neck Disability Index) were randomized into 2 groups and underwent stretching exercise(10 peoples) and isometric exercise(10 peoples) at 3 times a week for 5weeks. Measures of pain scale (Visual Analog Scale) and Muscle strength of deep neck flexor (Pressure Biofeedback) were assessed before and after intervention. The pre and post exercise results were compared using paired t-test and the effectiveness of intervention of two groups were compared using Independent t test. Results : The results of this study were that pain reduction was seen after stretching and isometric exercise and significantly difference. There was significantly improvement of cervical flexor strength after stretching and isometric exercise. But, there was no significant difference between stretching and isometric exercise groups. Conclusion : The stretching and isometric exercise for chronic neck pain patients may use according to preference of patient because the effects of treatment was same. Further studies are needed to analyzed psycho social factors, cost effects, group approach.