• 소성∙가공
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.314-322
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• 2017

In the high-speed forming analysis, dynamic material properties considering a high strain rate are required. The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experiment was performed for measuring dynamic material properties under high strain rate. The pulse shaping method was used to improve the accuracy of the SHPB experiment. A pulse shaper attached to the front of the incident bar was used for specimen dynamic stress equilibrium through stress wave control. Numerical analysis and SHPB test were performed to verify whether the pulse shaper affects the dynamic stress equilibrium in copper and Al6061 specimens. The results of SHPB test and numerical analysis show that the pulse shaper contributes to the dynamic stress equilibrium. Based on the improved stress equilibrium using a pulse shaper, the flow stress curves for copper and Al6061 materials were obtained at strain rates of 1344.4/sec and 1291.6/sec, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.90-100
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• 1996

두께가 20mm 와 30mm 이고, 폭이 40mm 와 60mm인 600mm 길이의 낙엽송 제재목에 응력파 시험을 실시하였다. 모든 시험편은 생재 상태로 구입 후 함수율 27%, 22%, 17%과 12%조건으로 조습 처리하였다. 함수율 변화에 따른 응력파 속도와 영계수를 구하기 위한 응력파 시험을 4종류의 함수율 조건에서 실시하였다. 응력파 속도와 응력파 시험으로부터 구한 영계수는 시편의 함수율, 치수, 그리고 시험편의 옹이와 옹이 주변 목리의 상호작용에 의해 영향을 받았다. 모든 함수율 및 각 함수율 조건에서 응력파 속도는 응력파에 의해 구한 영계수와 양호한 상관관계를 나타냈다. 응력파 속도와 응력파 시험으로 구한 영계수는 함수율이 증가할 때 비선형적으로 감소하였으나, 함수율 25% 이상에서는 응력파에 의해 구한 영계수의 변화가 거의 없었다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 1998년도 추계학술대회논문집:21세기에 대비한 지능형 통합항만관리
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• pp.189-199
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• 1998

Wave-induced current model is developed in our study and this model is composed with wave transform model and current model. Two types of wave model are used in our study, one is Copeland(1985) type which is applied in the offshore region and the other is Watanabe and Maruyama(1984) type which is applied in the surf zone. The depth-integrated and time-averaged governing equation of an unsteady nonlinear form is used in the wave induced current model. Lateral mising, radiation stresses, surface and bottom stresses are considered in our current model. Copeland's(1985) relult is used to calculate radiation stress and Berkmeir & Darlymple's(1976) is used as a surface friction formula. Numerical solutions are obtained by Leendertse scheme and compared with Noda's(1974) experimental results for the uniform slope coastal region test and Nishimura & Maruyama's(1985) experimental relults and numerical simulation results for the detached breakwater test. The results from our wave model show good agreement with the others and also show nonlinear effects around the detached breakwater. Wave induced current model is developed in this study and this model shows nonlinear effects around the detached breakwater and can be applied in the surf zone and also consider the friction stresses.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.41-52
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• 1995

the necessity of development of the Nearshore zone greatly emphasis in recent years. In the wave deformation model, we can get the wave height and wave direction using the hyperbolic mild slope equation considered the reflection wave. Radiation Stress the driving force of flow was calculated by the Watanabe and Maruyama who proposed on the partial standing wave. In the surf zone, applying the Izumiya and Horikawa's turbulent model considered the bottom friction and energy dissipation, we compared and examined with the Numerical model and Hydraulic test result of Watanabe and Maruyama. This model results obtained for Jin-ha Beach agreed well with the Numerical results. This model is expected so helpful to solve the prediction of the wave deformation problems in the development of the Nearshore zone in the future.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.157-164
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• 2003

The pulse-echo method is one of the most widely used ultrasonic techniques for application of nondestructive evaluation. Particularly, quantitative nondestructive evaluation of defects has been considered more important to assure the reliability and the safety of structure. Frequency energy in adhesive joints is based on the ultrasonic wave analysis. The attenuation coefficient upon wave amplitude and the frequency energy that is expressed in the term of wave pressure amplitude were utilized for the primary wave experiment. By means of a control experiment, it was confirmed that the variation of the frequency energy in adhesive joints depends on transition by stress variation. In this paper, the ultrasonic characteristics were measured for single lap joint and Double Cantilever Beam specimen with different fracture modes that was subjected to stress. Consequently, the data that was obtained from the adhesive specimen was analytically compared to the fracture mechanics parameter

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.987-995
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• 2018

In this study, a relationship between small-strain shear modulus ($G_{max}$) and overconsolidation ratio (OCR) based on shear wave velocity ($V_S$) measurement was established to identify the stress history of centrifuge model ground. A centrifuge test was conducted in various centrifugal acceleration levels including loading and unloading sequences to cause various stress histories on centrifuge model ground. The $V_S$ and vertical effective stress were measured at each level of acceleration. Then, a sensitivity analysis was conducted using testing data to ensure the suitability of OCR function for the tested cohesionless soils and found that OCR can be estimated based on $V_S$ measurements irrespective of normally-consolidated or overconsolidated loading conditions. Finally, the developed $G_{max}$-OCR relationship was applied to centrifuge models constructed and tested under various induced stress-history conditions. Through a series of tests, it was concluded that the induced stress history on centrifuge model by compaction, g-level variation, and past overburden load can be analysed quantitatively, and it is convinced that the OCR evaluation technique will contribute to better interpret the centrifuge test results.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1995년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.348-352
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• 1995

In the conventional linear elasticity, ultrasonic velocity is determined by elastic modulus and density of te medium which ultrasonic wave propagates through. But, practical ultrsonic wave depends on the stress acting in the medium, and as the stress increases such dependency becomes nonlinear. This nonlinear dependencyof ultrasonic velocity on stress can be identified by using nonlinear elastic modulus up to 4th order. In thid paper, with the above background relationships between nonlinear elastic modulus and the internalstatus of materials, normal, plastic deformed or heat stressed, are discussed. For this purpose, a new type of measuring system extended from the general nondestructive UT(ultrasonic test) equipment is constructed.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2000년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall 2000
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• pp.81-88
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• 2000

The elastic wave equation is solved using the finite-difference method in 3D space to simulate the seismic wave propagation. It is based on the velocity-stress formulation of the equation of motion on a staggered grid. The nonreflecting boundary conditions are used to attenuate the wave field close to the numerical boundary. To satisfy the stress-free conditions at the free-surface boundary, a new formulation combining the zero-stress formalism with the vacuum one is applied. The effective media parameters are employed to satisfy the traction continuity condition across the media interface. With use of the moment-tensor components, the wide range of source mechanism parameters can be specified. The numerical experiments are carried out in order to test the applicability and accuracy of this scheme and to understand the fundamental features of the wave propagation under the generalized elastic media structure. Computational results show that the scheme is sufficiently accurate for modeling wave propagation in 3D elastic media and generates all the possible phases appropriately in under the given heterogeneous velocity structure. Also the characteristics of the ground motion in an sedimentary basin such as the amplification, trapping, and focusing of the elastic wave energy are well represented. These results demonstrate the use of this simulation method will be helpful for modeling the ground motion of seismological and engineering purpose like earthquake hazard assessment, seismic design, city planning, and etc..

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.214-218
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 SHPB(Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar)를 이용하여 변형률 속도에 따른 이방성 화강암의 동적파괴 과정을 조사하였다. 실험결과 변형률 속도가 증가할수록 에너지 흡수량 및 최대응력이 증가하였다. 최대응력은 모든 방향에서 변형률 속도에 의존적이나 역학적 이방성에 민감하지는 않았다. 변형률 속도가 증가할수록 탄성파속도가 많이 감쇠되고, 모든 방향에서 변형률 속도에 의존적이며 강한 암석일수록 감쇠가 빠르게 일어났다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2002

최근, SPT 롯드에서 측정되는 동적신호(힘 및 가속도신호)에 대한 이론적. 해석적 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 SPT시험에서 롯드(rod)를 통해 전파되는 탄성파에 대한 동적신호(힘 신호)의 특성을 모형 롯드-지반 시스템에 대하여 실험적으로 검토하였다. 시험결과, 단부조건에 따른 입사파와 반사파의 크기는 이론적으로 알려진 것과 매우 잘 일치하고 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서, 만일 SPT 시험에서 측정된 하중신호에서 입사파와 반사파의 특성이 정량적으로 평가된다면, 지반의 임피던스를 결정할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. 한편, 주면저항에 의한 반사파의 영향은 대단히 작은 것으로 나타나, SPT 동적하중의 해석에서는 샘플러 주면의 마찰저항은 무시하고, 샘플러 선단의 단부저항만을 고려하는 해석모델의 적용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.