• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.193-203
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• 2022

Purpose: This study explored the mediating role of resilience between post-traumatic stress and emotional exhaustion in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The data were collected from 193 nurses working at a hospital in Daegu from October 16 to 30, 2020, in the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants conducted self-reported surveys of post-traumatic stress (Impact of Event Scale-Revised Korean version), emotional exhaustion (Maslach Burnout Inventory), and resilience (Korean Resilience Quotient Test). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, frequency, t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. Mediation analysis was performed using the Baron and Kenny method and Sobel test. Results: The mean scores for post-traumatic stress, resilience, and emotional exhaustion were 16.18±16.18, 183.41±18.29, and 32.64±9.66, respectively. A higher level of post-traumatic stress was associated with lower resilience (r=-.20, p=.004) and with higher emotional exhaustion (r=.33, p<.001). A higher level of resilience was associated with lower emotional exhaustion (r=-.35, p<.001). The resilience was confirmed to have a partial mediating effect in the relationship between post-traumatic stress and emotional exhaustion, verified by the Sobel test (Z=2.31, p=.02). Conclusion: Resilience had a partial mediating effect in the relationship between post-traumatic stress and emotional exhaustion. Thus, nurses should develop individual strengths to reduce emotional exhaustion, and managers should also make efforts to increase the nurses' resilience. It is also necessary to develop and apply a program to strengthen nurses' resilience.

• 지질공학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.35-49
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• 1998

양산단층의 구조운동사를 해석하기 위하여 양산단층의 주향을 따라양산시에서 경북 신광면까지 37개 지점에서 단층조선이 발달된 약 1,000개의 소단층과 330개의 인장절리를 분석하였다. 그 결과 순서별로 (I)NW-SE 신장, (Il) ENE-WSW 압축과 NNW-SSE 신장, (III) NW-SE 압축, (VI) NNE-SSW 신장, (V) E-W 압추과 N-S 신장, 그리고 (VI) NNE-SSW 압축과 신장의 6개의 지구조 사건이 복원되었다.이렇게 얻어진 6개의 순차적인 지구조 사건으로부터 북북동향하는 양산단층의 운동를 해석할때, 양산단츠의 형성 초기에는 NW-SE 신장기를 갖는 지구조 사건 (I)과 연관된 인장절리가 발달하였고, 후에 지구조 사건(I)과 매우 밀접한 사건(Il)에 의해 우수향 주향이동을 하였다. 이러한 운동은 마이오세 말까지 지속되었으며, 이 시기가 양상단층이 가장 활발이 운동했던 시기로 해석된다. 후속되는 지구조 사건(III)과 (VI)에 의해 양상단층은 좌수향 주향이동을 하였다. 그 후 양산단층의 운동은 단층주향에 직각으로 작용하는 사건 (V)에 의해 일시적으로 접지도었다. 이기간은 시기적으로 매우 일시적이었으며 응력의 크기도 역기 작은 것으로 판단된다. 마지막으로 지구조 사건 (VI)에 의한 미약한 신장 혹은 우수향 주향이동을 하였다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.1298-1308
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• 2023

본 연구는 대학생들이 받는 스트레스와 탈모와의 관련성, 탈모 인식 현황을 파악하고, 유형별 스트레스와 탈모 인식의 상관관계를 분석하는데 목적을 두고 경기도 지역 대학생들을 대상으로 245부의 설문지를 회수하여 SPSS 통계 패키지를 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 탈모로 인한 가장 큰 문제는 '자신감 상실'로 분석되었고, 특히 진로/취업과 학업에 대한 스트레스가 큰 사람일수록 '자신감 상실'에 대한 문제를 가장 심각하게 생각하고 있는 것으로 분석되고, 탈모 인식에 대한 일반적 특성과 '최근 가장 큰 스트레스' 항목의 교차분석 결과와 유형별 스트레스와 탈모 인식을 구성하는 탈모 현황의 상관관계분석 결과 모든 유형의 스트레스가 대학생 탈모에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 그중 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 스트레스는 진로/취업 스트레스와 학업 스트레스인 것으로 나타났고, 탈모가 생겼을 경우 대인관계나 경제적 문제에 앞서 진로/취업, 학업, 외모를 위해 보다 더 적극적으로 탈모 치료에 임할 의향이 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 스트레스를 유형별로 분류하고, 탈모 인식에 있어서 탈모 현황, 탈모 관리, 탈모 치료의 3가지 항목으로 구체화하여 실증적 연구 방법을 통해 상관관계를 분석하였다는 점에서 큰 의의가 있다고 판단된다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.829-837
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• 2012

벽면 난류의 항력과 밀접한 관련이 있는 유동구조를 조사하기 위해 $Re_{\tau}$ = 180, 395, 590 의 난류채널유동에 대한 직접수치모사를 수행하였다. 확률밀도함수를 조사하여 레이놀즈 전단응력에 가장 큰 기여를 하는 Q2 이벤트를 파악하였으며 Q2 이벤트의 각도의 변화가 $y^+<50$ 에서는 벽 단위로 스케일링되며, y/h > 0.5 에서는 채널의 높이로 스케일링 됨을 확인하였다. Q2 이벤트를 조건으로 하는 조건부 평균 유동장을 조사하여 레이놀즈 전단응력의 발생과 관련이 있는 유동구조는 주 유동방향의 보텍스 및 헤어핀 형상의 보텍스임을 보였다. 또한, 순간 유동장을 관찰하여 높은 레이놀즈 전단 응력의 분포가 이러한 보텍스 구조와 관련이 있으며 1.5 ~ 3h 의 크기를 갖는 대형유동구조를 구성함을 확인하였다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.524-536
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aims to examine the relationships among experiences of traumatic events, post-traumatic stress (PTS), and the needs for health promotion programs of 119 paramedics. Methods: Experiences of traumatic events, PTS, and needs for health promotion programs were measured using a structured questionnaire. The subjects were 193 paramedics in Jeju Island. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test and $x^2$ test. Results: The most experienced event out of the 16 different traumatic events was 'retrieve a suicide's body.' A high-risk classification of PTS was observed in 36.2% of the subjects. The rates of experiences were higher than those of the actual needs for all 26 health promotion programs. The programs reported as highly needed by respondents were stress management (75.5%) followed by exercise (74.6%) and PTS management (72.5%). Subjects with longer career periods, a fire sergeant, perceived obesity, numerous experiences of traumatic events, and in the PTS risk group had a higher need for a stress management program. Conclusion: These findings indicate that a significant number of 119 paramedics experienced PTS. They also show that onsite strategic management is strongly required. In addition, implementation of health promotion programs based on the needs of 119 paramedics is highly needed.

• 대한간호
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.72-87
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• 1992

This study was designed to develop and lest a structural model for paternal adaplation and family stress in the families with the handicapped children. A hypothetical model was constructed on the basis of family stress theory developed by McCubbin etc. The model included 6 theoretical concepts and 11 paths. For the purpose of the model testing, empirical data were collected from May to August, 1992. The subject of the study constituted 190 mothers whose children admitted in the five special schools and one privale institutes in Seoul and Choong Nam. In data analysis, SPSS PC+ and PC-LISREL 7.13 computer program were utilized for descriptive and covariance structure analysis. The results of lhe study were as follows. (1) Hypothetical model showed a good fit to the empirical data [Chi-square = 21.19 (df = 7, P = o. 003), Goodness of Fit Index=O.986, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Indes=0.946, Root Mean Square lesidual=0.048), Non Normed Fit Index = 0.80, Normed Fit Index=0.91]. (2) The results of Hypothesis testing indicated: 1) Social support(${\gamma}_11=.238$, T=2.352), Family Functioning(${\gamma}_12=.729$, T=5.957) had direct effects on situational definition. 2) life event stress(${\gamma}_23=.284$, T=5.220) had direct effects on the effect of the handicapped chid on the family. 3) Family functioning(${\gamma}_32=-.239$, T= -3.370) had direct effects on paternal adapation. From the above results, the significance of this study can be delineated as follows : The construction and testing of the comprehensive model seem to be the first trial in Korea. The model was supported by empirical dala. Thus it was suggested that model could be adequately applied to framily nusing care with the handicapped.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.190-196
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• 2020

Several factors, including genetic and environmental insults, impede protein folding and secretion in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Accumulation of unfolded or mis-folded protein in the ER manifests as ER stress. To cope with this morbid condition of the ER, recent data has suggested that the intracellular event of an unfolded protein response plays a critical role in managing the secretory load and maintaining proteostasis in the ER. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is a chemical chaperone and hydrophilic bile acid that is known to inhibit apoptosis by attenuating ER stress. Numerous studies have revealed that TUDCA affects hepatic diseases, obesity, and inflammatory illnesses. Recently, molecular regulation of ER stress in tooth development, especially during the secretory stage, has been studied. Therefore, in this study, we examined the developmental role of ER stress regulation in tooth morphogenesis using in vitro organ cultivation methods with a chemical chaperone treatment, TUDCA. Altered cellular events including proliferation, apoptosis, and dentinogenesis were examined using immunostaining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. In addition, altered localization patterns of the formation of hard tissue matrices related to molecules, including amelogenin and nestin, were examined to assess their morphological changes. Based on our findings, modulating the role of the chemical chaperone TUDCA in tooth morphogenesis, especially through the modulation of cellular proliferation and apoptosis, could be applied as a supporting data for tooth regeneration for future studies.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.668-678
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data of a comprehensive counter-plan to promote health for people by comparing various factors related to cancer outbreak factors including general characteristics, health-related lifestyles, health promoting behaviors, perceived healthy status, life event stress and health care seeking behaviors with cancer patients and health people. Method: The study was designed to be a retrospective-comparison-survey-study and its data was collected through 5 types of questionnaires from September 2003 to December 2003. Results: Cancer patients had lower education and household income, and many of them had no occupation. Cancer patients had a higher rate of smoking and drinking periods. Exercise level was higher in healthy people. However, Cancer patients were better in sleep and rest. In comparison with health promoting behaviors, it was higher in healthy people than in cancer patients but the two groups had no significant differences statistically. The perceived health status was higher in healthy people than in cancer patients. The health care seeking behaviors were higher in healthy people than in cancer patients. Cancer patients and healthy people's life event stress had no significant differences statistically. Conclusion: As a result of comparative analysis of cancer patients and healthy people's health risk factors, smoking, drinking period, regular exercise and health care seeking behaviors were suggested as direct or indirect risk factors for cancer patients. These finding can be applied to health promoting behavior programs to keep and promote optimal health status as well as to prevent cancer disease.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.121-127
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• 2020

Since the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011, the public were concerned about the safety of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) in extreme natural disaster situations, such as earthquakes, flooding, heavy rain and tsunami, have been increasing around the world. Accordingly, the Stress Test was conducted in Europe, Japan, Russia, and other countries by reassessing the safety and response capabilities of NPPs in extreme natural disaster situations that exceed the design basis. The extreme natural disaster can put the NPPs in beyond-design-basis conditions such as the loss of the power system and the ultimate heat sink. The behaviors and capabilities of NPPs with losing their essential safety functions should be measured to find and supplement weak areas in hardware, procedures and coping strategies. The Loss of Ultimate Heat Sink (LUHS) accident assumes impairment of the essential service water system accompanying the failure of the component cooling water system. In such conditions, residual heat removal and cooling of safety-relevant components are not possible for a long period of time. It is therefore very important to establish coping strategies considering all available equipment to mitigate the consequence of the LUHS accident and keep the NPPs safe. In this study, thermal hydraulic behavior of the LUHS event was analyzed using RELAP5/Mod3.3 code. We also performed the sensitivity analysis to identify the effects of the operator recovery actions and operation strategy for charging pumps on the results of the LUHS accident.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.411-430
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• 2016

본 연구는 재난 뉴스를 통한 간접 외상 노출의 심리적 영향을 살펴보기 위해 수행되었다. 참가자들(N=439)은 세월호 사건이 발생한 지 평균 68.11(±18.47)일이 경과한 후 일련의 자기 보고식 질문지를 작성하였으며, 여기에는 외상후 위기 체크리스트(Posttraumatic Risk Checklist: PRC), 사건 충격 척도(Impact of Event Scale-Revised: IES-R) 및 다차원적 죽음불안 척도(Multidimensional Fear of Death Scale: MFODS)가 포함되었다. 재난 뉴스노출과 외상후 스트레스 증상의 관계에서 죽음불안, 외상당시 및 외상후 위기의 매개효과를 살펴보기 위해 구조방정식을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 죽음불안, 외상 당시 및 외상 후 위기는 초기 뉴스노출과 외상후 스트레스 증상 간의 관계를 유의하게 매개하였다. 이러한 결과는 재난 직후의 뉴스노출이 죽음불안에 영향을 주고, 이것이 외상당시 및 외상후 위기를 유발하며, 이러한 위기 요인들이 외상후 스트레스 증상을 증가시킬 수 있음을 의미한다. 마지막으로, 본 연구의 제한점과 미래 연구를 위한 제안이 논의되었다.