• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.181-187
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• 2002

The objective of the present study was to two-dimensionally investigate the characteristics of flow and wall shear stress under pulsatile flow in the aneurysm which is a local dilatation of the blood vessel for pulsatile flow. The numerical simulation using the commercial software were carried out for the diameter ratios(ratio of maximum diameter of aneurysm to the diameter of blood vessel) ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 and Womersley number, 15.47. It was shown that a recirculating flow at the bulge was developed and disappeared for one Period and the strength of vortex increased with the diameter ratio Especially. at time of 3.19s. the very weak recirculating flow was developed at the left upper sites of the aneurysm. The maximum values of the wall shear stress increased in Proportion to the diameter ratio. However. the Position of a maximum wall shear stress was the distal end of the aneurysm(z = 35mm) regardless of the diameter ratios.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.16 no.5 s.83
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• pp.677-686
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• 2004

This study deals with literature review, developing a predicting equation for the ultimate stress of internal and external prestressing steel, and an experimental test with the parameters affecting the ultimate stress of prestressing steel in prestressed concrete beams strengthened by external prestressing tendons. The proposed predicting equation takes rationally the effect of internal and external prestressing steels into consideration as a function of prestressing steel depth to neutral depth ratio. In the experimental study, prestressed concrete beams strengthened using external steel tendons are tested with the test parameters having a large effect on the ultimate stress of internal and external prestressing steel. The test parameters include internal and external prestressing steel reinforcement ratio and span to depth ratio. The test results are analyzed to confirm the rationality and applicability of the proposed equation for predicting the ultimate stress of internal and external prestressing steel. This research shows that the results obtained by the proposed equation for predicting the ultimate stress agreed very well with the test results.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.138-144
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• 2003

Rencentely, the request for the light weight is more incresed in the area of industrial environment and machinery and consistent effort is needed to accomplish high strength of material for the direction of light weight. we got the following characteristic from crack growth test carried out in the range of stress ration of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.6 by means of opening mode displacement. At the content stress ratio, the threshold stress intensity factor crack range ${\Delta}K_{th}$in the early stage of fatigue crack growth (Region I) and dtress intensity factor range ${\Delta}K$ in the stable of fatigue crack growth (Region II) with an increase in ${\Delta}K$. Fatigue life shows more improvement in the Shot-peened material than in the Un-peening material. And compressive residual stress of surface on the Shot peening processed operate resistance force of fatigue. So we can obtain fallowings. (1) The fatigue crack growth rate on stage II is conspicuous with the size of compressive residual stress and is depend on Paris equation. (2) Although the maxium compressive residual stress is deeply and widely formed from surface, fatigue life does not improve than when maxium compressive residual stress is formed in surface. (3) The threshold stress intensity factor range is increased with increasing compressive residual stress.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.286-294
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• 2002

This study investigated the effects of stress and time history of overconsolidated clayey soils on pore pressure parameter, A. Laboratory tests were carried out under the conditions of both varying stress and time history. The stress history is classified into (i) rotation angle of stress path, (ii) overconsolidation ratio, and (iii) magnitude of length of recent stress path. The time history is divided into (i) loading rate of recent stress path and (ii) rest time. Pore pressure parameters are different both in the magnitude and trend with the rotation angle, depending on the magnitude of overconsolidation ratio but not in a trend. In addition, the pore pressure parameters have no effects on the magnitude of length of recent stress path except the level of initially small strain, while loading rates of recent stress path have effects on it. Finally, the pore pressure parameters of overconsolidated clays increase with the existence of the rest time, until either the deviator stress exceeds 70 kPa or the strain up to 0.1%.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 1989

The fatigue crack growth behavior in GTA butt welded joints of Al-Alloy 5052-H38 was examined using Single Edge Notched(SEN) specimens. It is well known that welding residual stress has marked influence on fatigue crack growth rate in welded structure. In the general area of fatigue crack growth in the presence of residual stress, it is noted that the correction of stress intensity factor (K) to account for residual stress is important for the determination of both stress intensity factor range(.DELTA.K) and stress ratio(R) during a loading cycle. The crack growth rate(da/dN) in welded joints were correlated with the effective stress intensity factor range(.DELTA.Keff) which was estimated by superposition of the respective stress intensity factors for the residual stress field and for the applied stress. However, redistribution of residual stress occurs during crack growth and its effect is not negligible. In this study, fatigue crack growth characteristics of the welded joints were examined by using superposition of redistributed residual stress and discussed in comparison with the results of the initial welding residual stress superposition.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.6C
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• pp.277-285
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• 2009

A series of undrained cyclic triaxial tests were carried out to investigate the cyclic shear stress strength characteristics of sands with respect to the silt content. Silty sand was collected around the basin of Nak-Dong River and remolded in laboratory with the range of silt content 0~50% in sand located. As results, with the change of silt content cyclic shear stress ratio (CSR) at N=10 showed the maximum value at 5% and the minimum at 20% in all relative density. The development tendency of the pore water pressure analyzed by the relationship cyclic ratio and pore water pressure ratio is unrelated the change of CSR varying silt content. Comparing the results of the void ratio and skeleton void ratio after consolidation, CSR varying silt content was much affected by skeleton void ratio which is known to affect shear behavior of silty sand.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.42-56
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• 1987

Fatigue Fracture behaviors of the TIG-welded aluminum alloys, such as Al 2024-T4, A1 5050-0 and Al 7075-T7 were investigated when a crack propagated from tensile residual stress region and compressive residual stress region. The experimental values were compared with the values expected by the Forman equation. The experimental results are summarized as the following: (1) In case of fatigue crack propagation from residual stress region, the values predicted by Forman equation were Found to exactly corresponded to the experimental values. (2) When the stress intensityfactors affected by compressive residual stress, Kres, were greater than the stress intensity factors by minimum applied stresses. Kmin, the Forman equation was found to be improper to be applied directly, but the equation appeared to be proper, if the stress ratio was modified to zero. (3) The experimental results confirmed that residual stress was relaxed by repeated tensile loading and the relaxing trend was greater in case of compressive residual stress than that of tensile residual stress.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.57-66
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• 2006

In this study, the centrifuge model tests were carried out to evaluate the stress concentration ratio, the deformation modes of piles and the ground movement in clay deposit improved by SCP and GCP piles with changing the replacement ratio(20%, 40%, 60%) under flexible loading. Based on the results obtained, it was shown that the stresses acting on GCP was larger than those acting on SCP with the same replacement ratio. It was evaluated that the average stress concentration ratio of soft clay ground improved by GCP was slightly larger than that of SCP when the replacement ratio is 40%. Only expansion failure occurred in GCP, whereas SCP showed the expansion and shear failure simultaneously.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.35-41
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• 2008

Stone columns, one of the soft ground improvement techniques, are being used for not only accelerating consolidation but also increasing bearing capacity of soft grounds. In this study, in order to observe the stress distribution characteristics which are one of the important factors to estimate the settlement reduction of the soft ground, lab-scale experiments were performed in stone column reinforced clay ground. The stress distribution ratio of stone column decreased with the lapse of time after surcharge loading but increased as the stiffness of clay deposit increases. It shows that the modified Baumann and Bauer's solution, which is able to easily predict the stress distribution ratio of stone column reinforced soft ground, exhibits reasonable agreement with the measured data.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.49-57
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• 2014

In this study, in order to take advantage of samples collected in the Jangbogo station, and to grasp the liquefaction resistance characteristics of the dynamic load was performed cyclic triaxial test. Also, through the comparison with the existing literature. The test results, for the relationship between number of cycles for the same cyclic shear stress ratio and the cyclic shear stress ratio to produce an axial strain of 5%, in all samples, the cyclic shear stress ratio to liquefaction for the specimen, which has been liquefied, was increased, whereas number of cycles were reduced. The cyclic shear stress ratio of samples first decrease up to the fine content of about 10%. After this strength level, there is a little increase in cyclic shear stress ratio with increasing fine content. In addition, the cyclic shear stress ratio between cohesive strength, mean particle size, and friction angle decrease but some time later, there was a tendency that cyclic shear stress ratio is a little increased.