• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.739-744
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• 2007

In this paper, we have investigated mechanical and chemical properties by changing the content of carbon nanotube, which is component part of semiconductive shield in underground power transmission cable. Specimens were made of sheet with the eight of those for measurement. The condition of specimens was a solid sheet. Chemical properties of specimens was measured by FT-ATR (Fourier Transform Attenuated Total Reflectance). Stress-strain of specimens was measured by TENSOMETER 2000. A speed of measurement was 200[mm/min], ranges of stress and strain were 400[Kgf/Cm] and 600[%]. We could observe (unctional group (C=O, carbonyl group) of specimens through FT-ATR. From these experimental result, the concentration of functional group [C=O] was high accor야ng to increasing the content of carbon nanotube. We could know CNT/EEA was excellent more than other specimens from above experimental results. In Addition, the elongation ratio was decreased, and yield strength was increased according to increasing the content of carbon nanotube. Also, from these experimental result, we could know that a small amount of CNT/EEA has a excellent mechanical and chemical properties.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.201-206
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• 2001

The hole-drilling method makes a little hole through the metal surface that has residual stress and measures the relieved stress with a strain gage. It is used widely in measuring the residual stress of surfaces. In this method, the inclined hole is one of the source of error. This paper presents a finite element analysis of influence of the inclined hole for the uniaxial residual stress field. The stress differences between measured and applied residual stress increase proportionally to inclined angle of the hole. The correction equations which easily obtain the residual stress taking account of the inclined angle and direction are derived. The measurement error of stress due to the inclined hole can be reduced to around 1% through this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 2016

The mechanical jointing method is very important in the machine parts and structure. They are used by the bolts and rivet because it is very convenient to replace the parts and the structure. However, the mechanical jointing methods using the bolt and rivet needed the open hole. The machine parts life cycle is reduced because this open hole created the stress concentration. Therefore, the measurement methods are needed to evaluate phenomenon of the stress concentration. This paper discusses the development of the measurement algorithm using the digital image correlation methods to measure the strain distribution of the open hole. To implement the measurement algorithm using the DIC, the LabVIEW 2010 programming tool was used. To measure the strain distribution of the open hole, the tensile specimens having an open hole are made by using the aluminum 6061-T6. To secure the reliability of measurement result using the DIC, the DIC measurement results and FEM analysis results were compared.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.223-226
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• 2009

The plastics are widely utilized in the inside of vehicles. The dynamic tensile characteristics of auto-body plastics are important in a prediction of deformation mode of the plastic component which undergoes the high speed deformation during car crash. This paper is concerned with the dynamic tensile characteristics of the auto-body plastics at intermediate strain rates. Quasi-static tensile tests were carried out at the strain rate ranged from 0.001/sec to 0.01/sec using the static tensile machine(Instron 5583). Dynamic tensile tests were carried out at the strain rate ranged from 0.1/sec to 100/sec using the high speed material testing machine developed. Conventional extensometry method is no longer available for plastics, since the deformation of plastic is accompanied with localized deformation. In this paper, quasi-static and dynamic tensile tests were performed using ASTM IV standard specimens with grids and images from a high speed camera were analyzed for strain measurement. True stress-strain relations and the actual strain rates at each deformation step were obtained by processing load data and deformation images, assuming the plastics to deform uniformly in each grid.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.378-383
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• 2008

Bogie frame of the locomotive is an important structural member for the support of vehicle loading. A lot of study has been carried out for the prediction of the structural integrity of the bogie frame in experimental and theoretical domains. The objective of this paper is to estimate the structural integrity of the bogie frame. Strength analysis has been performed by finite element analysis. From these analysis, stress concentration areas were investigated. For evaluation of the loading conditions, dynamic stress were measured by using strain gage. It has been found that the stress and strain due to the applied loads were multi-axial condition according to the location of strain gage. The fatigue strength evaluations of the bogie frame are performed to investigate the effect of the multi-axial load through the employment of the critical plane approach.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.29 no.11 s.242
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• pp.1542-1550
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• 2005

This paper presents the numerical procedure for calculating non-uniform residual stresses based on relieved displacements obtained from incremental hole drilling. The relationship between the in-plane displacement produced by introducing a blind hole and the corresponding residual stress is established. Finite element calculations are described to evaluate the relieved coefficients required for the determination of non-uniform residual stresses. Validity of the proposed method has been tested through three axisymmetric test examples and two three-dimensional examples. As a result of . simulation on the test examples, it is found that this numerical procedure is well adopted to measuring non-uniform residual stress in the full hole depth range of the hole diameter from the surface. The accuracy of the hole drilling method with displacement measurement is discussed, comparing tile method with strain measurement

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.312-318
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• 2013

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to compare the passivity of implant superstructures by assessing the strain development around the internal tapered connection implants with strain gauges. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A polyurethane resin block in which two implants were embedded served as a measurement model. Two groups of implant restorations utilized cement-retained design and internal surface of the first group was adjusted until premature contact between the restoration and the abutment completely disappeared. In the second group, only nodules detectable to the naked eye were removed. The third group employed screw-retained design and specimens were generated by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing system (n=10). Four strain gauges were fixed on the measurement model mesially and distally to the implants. The strains developed in each strain gauge were recorded during fixation of specimens. To compare the difference among groups, repeated measures 2-factor analysis was performed at a level of significance of ${\alpha}$=.05. RESULTS. The absolute strain values were measured to analyze the magnitude of strain. The mean absolute strain value ranged from 29.53 to 412.94 ${\mu}m/m$ at the different strain gauge locations. According to the result of overall comparison, the cement-retained prosthesis groups exhibited significant difference. No significant difference was detected between milled screw-retained prostheses group and cement-retained prosthesis groups. CONCLUSION. Within the limitations of the study, it was concluded that the cement-retained designs do not always exhibit lower levels of stress than screw-retained designs. The internal adjustment of a cement-retained implant restoration is essential to achieve passive fit.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.391-397
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• 2017

Recently, digital image correlation (DIC) techniques have been used to measure dynamic deformation during tensile testing. The standard tensile test method measures the average displacement of the relevant specimen to calculate the true stress-strain curve. Therefore, the validity of the true stress curve is restricted to the stress incurred within the uniform stretching interval, i.e., the maximum stress corresponds to the starting point of the necking deformation. Alternatively, if DIC is used, the effective range of the strain and strain rate can be extended to the breaking point of the tensile specimen, because of the feasibility of measuring the local strain over the entire area of interest. Because of these advantages, many optical 3D measurement systems have been introduced and used in research and industry. However, the conventional 3D measurement systems are exceedingly expensive and time consuming. In addition, these systems have the disadvantage of a very large equipment size which makes their transport difficult. In this study, a 2D image correction method employing a 2D DIC measurement method in conjunction with a numerical analysis method is developed using a smartphone. The results of the proposed modified 2D DIC method yielded higher accuracy than that obtained via the 3D measurement equipment. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the proposed 2D DIC and calibration methods yield accurate measurement results with low time costs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.267-268
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• 2006

The cylinder cover stud of low-speed marine diesel engine is more than just a stud. It is a large structural element occasionally weighing over 200 kg used for assembling the combustion chamber components. Therefore, to understand the structural behavior of the stud and design it safely is quite important considering a catastrophic failure which can be arisen from an inadequate use of it. In this paper, the analysis results of the structural behavior of the stud is introduced. Strain measurement results compared with FE analysis results are summarized. The results showed that 1) the stud stress increased with engine operating load, 2) the maximum stress amplitude was about 10 MPa which is far smaller than the stud's fatigue strength of 61 MPa, 3) the stress ratio is higher than 0.9 and the stud's load factor is about 20 %, and 4) about 7 % of initial pressure tightening load was reduced while changing to a nut tightened condition.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1447-1452
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• 2012

Existing hydraulic valve meter used in industrial fields precise pressure measurement gives inconvenience in precise measurement due to manually regulated pressures. In order to improve this inconvenience, the hydraulic valve meter was designed by using automatic design program CATIA and structural analysis of the designed hydraulic valve meter was conducted and internal water leaking, stress, strain and total deformation were obtained by applying three dimensional finite element code ANSYS. These results will be provided to develop new concepts of hydraulic valve meters as fundamental data.