• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 2007

Bacillus polyfermenticus SCD (B. polyfermenticus SCD) has been appropriately used for the therapy of long-term intestinal disorders, because live strains in the form of active endospores can successfully reach the target intestine in humans. B. polyfermenticus SCD produces the most antibiotic-related materials. In the present study, B. polyfermenticus SCD was fermented with soybeans (BPFS) and its probiotic properties were investigated. B. polyfermenticus SCD and BPFS showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against pathogenic Gram-positive (Streptococcus parauberis, Streptococcus iniae, Lactococcus garviae) and Gram-negative (Flexibacter tractuosus, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio ordalii) bacteria and moulds (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae). Sebastes schlegeli were used to examine survival rate and cleanup action by BPFS. Bacterial infection resulted in a mortality of up to 99% in the commercial fodder fed groups. BPFS both enhanced the growth rate of fry by improving their appetite and had cleaned by decreased eutrophication. Therefore, it seems appropriate that BPFS should be developed as an antibiotic replacement, favorable fodder additive, and antifungal material in fish farming systems.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.39-55
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• 2004

Hundreds of medicinal herbs have been using for the purpose of diseases treatment and immune enhancement for human being and other animals including fishes. Among them, 49 species of medicinal herbs were selected and tested for antibacterial activities against 19 strains of fish pathogenic bacteria in different 4 species. The 49 medicinal herbs were extracted by water and ethyl alcohol. The extracts were freeze dried and some paper discs from the extracts were prepared for the evaluation of antibacterial activity. The tested pathogenic bacteria were 5 strains of Edwardsiella tarda, 5 strains of Vibrio sp., 4 strains of Lactococcus garvieae, 1 strain of Lactococcus raffinose, 1 strain of Streptococcus parauberius, and 3 strains of Streptococcus iniae. The Galla rhois (Obaeja), Gaeonnamu and Hwangleyon showed antibacterial activities on both gram negative and gram positive fish pathogenic bacteria. The Youkgae, Sangbaekpi, Bogolji and Gamcho showed very effective antibacterial activities on gram positive pathogens while Jiyu, Aeyoeb and Yeonkyo showed very effective on gram negative pathogens.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2012

Effects of various concentration of skullcap Scutellaria baicalensis in the diets on a nonspecific immunity and a disease resistance of olive flounder were investigated. After feeding trial, weight gain of fish fed 0.05% skullcap immersed group was higher than that of fish fed 0, 0.1 and 1% skullcap diet but no significant differences were observed among the experimental groups. Furthermore, no significant differences in hematological indices of olive flounder were found among the experimental groups. Lysozyme activity in the serum and kidney of the administrated group(0.05% skullcap immersed group) was significantly higher than the control group. In addition, the chemiluminescent(CL) responses of head kidney leucocytes from the 0.05% skullcap immersed group was significantly higher(P<0.05) than the control group. In the histological results, the 1% skullcap immersed group appeared to have the detrimental effects for fish health. In a challenge experiment with Edwardsiella tarda(GY-01) and Streptococcus iniae(FT5228), relative percent survival (RPS) in the 0.05% skullcap immersed group was higher than the control group injected with E. tarda(GY-01) at $4^{th}$ and $8^{th}$ weeks. The results suggest that the skullcap extract (0.05%) would be effective to enhance the nonspecific immunity and protective ability of olive flounder against fish pathogen such as E. tarda.