• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2016

The Long-Term Care Hospital (LTCH) accreditation system was initiated in 2013 in the form of mandatory accreditation system in order to improve patient safety and the quality of medical service at LTCHs. By June 2016, the accredited LTCHs were 76.2%. This research was conducted to review the implementation process in the first cycle and to promote development of the second cycle of LTCH accreditation system. There are some changes which reinforced the accreditation standards, accreditation survey, and public access to accreditation results in order to strengthen patient safety in the first cycle LTCH accreditation system. LTCHs which participated in the accreditation system achieved certain outcomes in respect to patient safety and employee satisfaction. However, there are several urgent problems in placement criteria of night duty health care providers, reinforcement plans in the accreditation system, and incentives for accredited hospitals. In order to solve these problems, the most important thing is to clearly recognize the fact that the healthcare accreditation system is not the means for control and regulate hospitals but a system to induce hospitals to continue to strive for improvements in patient safety and medical service quality. In addition, it is required that LTCHs, accrediting agency and the Ministry of Health and Welfare compromise and cooperate to seek solutions every time issues related to the accreditation system arise.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.126-147
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• 2000

This paper empirically explores the nature of the medical service industry and its various propagation effects on the economy in the input-output model, as revealed by a comparative analysis between Korea and Japan. The main findings of the paper are as follows; First, the growth of medical industry induces above-average effect on employment. Second, the industry is of the characteristics of weak both backward and forward linkage effects implying a 'final demand dependency industry'. When compared with public service sectors, however, the medical services industry shows stronger backward linkage effect than those sectors. Furthermore, it has strong repercussion effects on the goods industries. Third, in order to produce per unit of services, the medical services industry of Korea uses relatively more drugs and medical devices than that of Japan. In general, it has been shown that production structure of medical service industry in Korea is 'hardware-oriented' one; on the other hand, 'software-oriented' in Japan which means that, as intermediate inputs, outsourcing and informatization has been used than those of Korea. From the findings of the paper it could be emphasized that the medical organizations in Korea should put more efforts on shifting the current hardware-oriented production structure to strengthen core competence by enhancing productivity and by outsourcing to improve efficiency of production process. However, the medical organizations in Korea would not have enough incentives for high value-added production structure because they enjoy high operating surplus. Therefore, it would be necessary that government policy should be taken into account of these environments.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.863-878
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the regional distribution and working environment of clinical dental hygienists in Korea. Methods: From 2015 to October 2016, a questionnaire was completed by 5,708 participants and the data were analyzed. Results: The region with the largest increase in clinical dental hygienist employees compared to graduates is Seoul. More than 50.0% of clinical dental hygienists working for less than 1.8 million won in the payroll period of 4-6 years were working in the Gwangju Jeonnam, Jeonbuk, and Gangwon regions. In addition, incentives and bonuses were rarely provided by localities and agencies. Although 43.4% provided both parental leave and maternity leave. Conclusions: In order to solve the fundamental problem of inter-regional movement and employee turnover rate of clinical dental hygienists, as well as address the regional imbalance in labor supply and demand, efforts should be made for institutional improvement to strengthen management and implementation.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.313-321
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• 2014

Agriculture is a vulnerable sector to climate change because it is a primary industry directly exposed to climate. At the same time, it is a sector emitting greenhouse gases during agricultural activities, thereby affecting climate change. However, agriculture is a nascent subject under the UNFCCC. The agriculture sector needs both adaptation and mitigation. Currently, co-benefit of adaptation and mitigation is emphasized during climate change negotiation. Developing country parties are in a position to focus on adaptation rather than mitigation. As a result, mitigation is not being addressed enough during climate negotiation. Agriculture has been addressed through Nairobi Work Programme and NAPA. Since current efforts for greenhouse gas reduction are not sufficient for stabilizing the atmospheric system of the Earth to prevent climate change, the agriculture sector should also be considered for greenhouse gas reduction. For this, MRV for small farmers in developing countries and incentives for their mitigation efforts should be developed in agriculture sector. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen international cooperation for developing capacities for vulnerable countries and people to climate change.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the current condition of green building education, which is a necessary condition to activate green architecture, with the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. The main results are as follows. First, the level of education and the level of domestic green architecture were generally underestimated. Second, in order to increase the satisfaction of participants in green building education, it is necessary to increase the number of courses and to increase the number of lecturers who have excellent practical skills. Third, there is a need to strengthen green building programs related to BEMS and green remodeling. Fourth, it is necessary to expand the education on green architecture for the people in the architectural planning and design field and the related field officials. Fifth, green building education needs to be implemented in conjunction with curriculum of elementary, middle and high school. Sixth, it is necessary to diversify the PR(public relations) channels of the green building education program and to provide a way to give the employment increase point when the curriculum is completed. Seventh, there is a need to expand administrative and financial incentives for green architecture in order to revitalize green architecture education.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.25-38
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• 2022

본 연구는 2013년부터 2019년까지 몽골 비상장기업을 대상으로 원가행태를 살펴보고, 원가행태와 이익조정 간의 관계를 분석하였다. 이익조정이 의심되는 기업은 이익이 0에 근접하여 적자회피를 위해 상향의 이익조정이 의심되는 경우와 적자 폭이 매우 커 Big-Bath가 의심되는 경우로 구분하여 이익조정이 원가행태에 미치는 영향을 파악하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 몽골의 비상장기업에서는 영업비용과 판매관리비는 하방경직적인 원가행태를 나타내었다. 둘째, 이익조정 구간에 따라 원가행태가 상이하게 나타났다. 이익이 0보다 약간 큰 구간에서는 영업비용, 판매관리비 모두 하방탄력적인 원가행태를 보여 상향의 이익조정 유인이 있음을 발견하였다. 셋째, 적자가 매우 큰 폭의 손실을 보고하는 구간에서는 영업비용과 판매관리비 하방경직적인 원가행태가 강화됨을 보여 Big-Bath 유인이 있음을 확인하였다. 즉, 이익조정 유인에 따라 원가행태가 상이함을 알 수 있다. 본 연구는 실증자료를 이용하여 최초로 몽골 비상장기업의 원가행태를 분석하여 경영자의 관리적 의사결정을 파악하였고, 적자기업의 이익조정 유인을 적자회피와 Big-Bath로 구분하여 원가행태와의 관계를 실증적으로 검증하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 몽골 비상장기업에 대한 연구가 전무한 상태를 고려했을 때 이에 대한 이해도를 높여 몽골기업에 대한 연구 초석이 된다는 점에서 의미가 있을 것이다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.67-94
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• 2012

최근까지 정부의 많은 정책적 노력에도 불구하고 미취업 청년층의 문제는 해결하여야 할 중요한 과제로 남아 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 고학력 청년층 미취업의 원인을 분석하고 개선을 위한 정책방향을 모색하는 데 있다. 노동 수요와 공급의 측면에서 분석하던 기존의 연구와는 달리 본 연구는 구인과 구직의 일자리 탐색과정에 초점을 맞추었다는 점에서 차별성이 있다. 구체적으로 미취업 시 소득과 일자리의 제안확률의 변화가 청년층 노동시장에 미치는 효과에 대하여 이론적 모형을 소개하고 실증적 분석을 실시한 결과, 미취업 시 소득이 낮아지거나 일자리 제안확률이 높아질 경우 모두 평균 미취업기간을 단축시킬 것으로 예상되었다. 그러나 정책대상의 구체성과 정책의 효과성(target efficiency) 측면에 비추어 볼 때 미취업 청년층에 대한 노동수요를 유인하는 정책을 통하여 일자리 기회를 확대하고 이를 취업으로 연결시키는 고용지원서비스의 기능을 강화하는 방향으로 정책의 역량을 모아 나가는 것이 바람직한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.16-25
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• 2019

Purpose:The healthcare system of South Korea is at the extreme of the dispersed system. Few regulations limit patients from directly visiting higher-level medical institutions for primary care sensitive conditions. As a result, similar to local clinics, general and tertiary teaching hospitals also provide diverse primary care services. Our study aimed to examine the general public's perceptions of their primary care performance. Methods: Face-to-face surveys were conducted with 1000 adults who were living in South Korea with the aid of a questionnaire that included the Korean Primary Care Assessment Tool (KPCAT). The KPCAT consists of five domains, which are the main indicators of primary care performance: first contact, comprehensiveness, coordination, personalized care, and family/community orientation. One-way analysis of variance and post hoc tests were used to compare the KPCAT scores across the three types of medical institutions. Results: Domain-wise analyses revealed two different patterns. With regard to first contact and its subdomains, the highest and lowest scores emerged for local clinics and tertiary teaching hospitals, respectively. However, the other four domain scores were significantly lower for local clinics than for the other two types of medical institutions. Conclusions: Local clinics were perceived to be medical institutions that are responsible for providing primary care. However, the general public perceived only one domain of their primary care to be superior to that of the other two types of medical institutions: first contact. National efforts should be taken to strengthen their other four domains of primary care by training their workforce and providing appropriate incentives.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2010

Industrial Safety and Health Law (ISH Law) of Japan requires abnormalities identified in evaluations of worker health and working environments are reported to occupational physicians, and employers are advised of measures to ensure appropriate accommodations in working environments and work procedures. Since the 1980s, notions of a risk assessment and occupational safety and health management system were expected to further prevent industrial accidents. In 2005, ISH Law stipulated workplace risk assessment using the wording "employers shall endeavor." Following the amendment, multiple documents and guidelines for risk assessment for different work procedures were developed. They require ISH Laws to be implemented fully and workplaces to plan and execute measures to reduce risks, ranking them from those addressing potential hazards to those requiring workers to wear protective articles. A governmental survey in 2005 found the performance of risk assessment was 20.4% and common reasons for not implementing risk assessments were lack of adequate personnel or knowledge. ISH Law specifies criminal penalties for both individuals and organizations. Moreover, under the Labor Contract Law promulgated in 2007, employers are obliged to make reasonable efforts to ensure employee health for foreseeable and avoidable risks. Therefore, enterprises neglecting even the non-binding provisions of guidelines are likely to suffer significant business impact if judged to be responsible for industrial accidents or occupational disease. To promote risk assessment, we must strengthen technical, financial, and physical support from public-service organizations, encourage the dissemination of good practices to reduce risks, and consider additional employer incentives, including relaxed mandatory regulations.

• 중소기업연구
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.95-106
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• 2019

경제적 강자가 경제적 약자의 희생을 강요하면서 경제적 이익을 추구하는 경제분야에서의 갑질은 심각한 사회문제가 되고 있을 뿐만이 아니라 경제의 활력을 소진시키고 있다. 특히 자동차 산업 분야에서 '납품단가 강제인하'와 가맹점 사업분야에서 통행세와 보복출점 등의 문제가 논란거리가 되고 있다. 이 논문은 경제적 갑질에 대하여 게임모형으로 분석하여 개선안을 제안한다. 갑질이 발생하는 '나쁜 균형'을 바람직한 결과인 '좋은 균형'으로 이전시킬 수 있는 방안의 하나는 법제도적 조치로 약자의 협상력을 강화하는 것이다. 이는 또한 규제·감독기관의 집행력에만 의존하지 않고, 관련 시장참여자들의 유인에 의하여 자동집행되는 보다 시장친화적인 사후적·항구적인 시스템이 된다.