• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2005

The purpose of this study were to compare the differences of isometric lumber extension strength and subjective pain degrees between obesity patients group and normal body fat group in disc surgical operated patients. The research purposed to indicate how isometric lumbar extension exercise for 12 weeks affected to lumbar strength and visual analogue scale of patients suffered by chronic back pain. The subjects were 65 low back pain patients(male 30, female 35)who had disease on lumbar in W hospital. The lumbar extension strength was measured at seven degrees of angles, which were $0^{\circ}$ $12^{\circ}$ $24^{\circ}$ $36^{\circ}$ $48^{\circ}$ $60^{\circ}$ and $72^{\circ}$ before and after the exercise program. We got the results of subjective pain degree using the modified visual analogue scale(VAS) of Lawlis et al(1989) and measured the maximal isometric lumbar strength of all subjects using MedX lumbar extension machine. Results were as follows; After the exercise, the lumbar extension strength of normal body fat patients groups included males and female were greater than that of the obesity patients groups in all angles(p<.05). The visual analogue scale of chronic back pain patients was decreased significantly after the exercise(p<.05). The results showed the significance between the lumbar extension strength and the visual analogue scale of chronic back pain patients and showed that the isometric lumbar extension exercise decreased the subjective pain degrees of visual analogue scale with and increased lumbar extension strength. The correlation between the visual analogue scale and the %body fat of chronic back pain patients was no significant after exercise. Therefore, the lumbar extension strength exercise is needed for improvement of back strength, decrease of %body fat.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.9-17
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of transverse abdominal exercise on the change of chronic low back pain and lumbar muscle strength. Method : 18 chronic lumbago patients were transverse abdominal exercise for 3weeks. Result : 1. The strength of the lumbar extensor and flexor of the male subjects was increased significantly after abdominal exercise(p<0.05). 2. The strength of the lumbar extensor and flexor of the female subjects was increased significantly after abdominal exercise(p<0.05). 3. The study can confirm significant relationship between the lumbar muscle strength and lumbar pain before and after the exercise Conclusion : The study of could find the increase of the ability of the lumbar extensor and flexor of both male and female subjects suffering from chronic low back and pain using three-week transverse abdominal exercise. The study confirmed the general decrease of pain after the experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 2018

PURPOSE: The present study aims to determine the effect of lower extremity muscle strength exercise at the non-paralyzed side of patients of stroke using a mirror on gait and balance. METHODS: Subjects were assigned randomly to a group of lower extremity exercise without using a mirror (n=10), a group of lower extremity motion exercise using a mirror (n=10), and a group of lower extremity muscle strength exercise using a mirror (n=10). The exercise is added to a physiotherapy program conducted at the hospital and subjects conducted their designed lower extremity exercises 30 times a day (5 sets), five days per week for four weeks. RESULTS: The study result showed that BBS(Berg balance scale)(p<.05) and TUG(timed up and go test)(p<.05) had a significant difference. In the comparison on gait ability, stride length, step length, step width and single support was a significant difference within two groups using a mirror before and after the intervention(p<.05). CONCLUSION: Conclusively, low extremity motion exercise using a mirror and low extremity muscle strength exercise using a mirror conducted along with general physiotherapy exercises had a positive effect on functions of lower extremity in patients with stroke and the recovery of paralyzed side thereby incurring a significant difference in balance and gait abilities.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.113-124
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of strengthening program for improving the muscle strength and body function in rehabilitation of patients with stroke Methods : We found the 15 precedent studies at online portal site of "Korea education and Research information service" and found 5 precedent studies at "Pubmed". We analyzed and describe the total 19 studies involving national and international research. Results : The strengthening exercise was adapted to lower extremities and trunk muscle of participants and the isokinetic (concentric and eccentric) exercise was most of exercise type and then manual isometric exercise, functional activities, progressive task oriented resistance exercise, PNF pattern exercise was following. The studies reported that the strengthening program increased target muscle strength and improved balance capacity and walking function for the participants positively. Conclusion : Conclusionally the several strengthening program can be the intervention to increase the muscle strength without increasing spasticity for patients with stroke. We think that the strengthening of lower extremities an improve balance capacity and walking ability and it can use the intervention to change the quality of life in patients with stroke. More than 3weeks strength program might be effectiveness, in case of acute patients with stroke, the improving of muscle strength is available but need to study for improving balance and walking capacity more in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.110-115
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sling exercise on pain, trunk strength, and balance in patients with chronic low back pain in their 40s and 50s. Methods: Twenty patients with chronic low back pain were divided into two groups, 10 patients in the exercise group using a sling and 10 patients in the waist stabilization exercise group, applying a random assignment, draw-out method, and sling exercise was applied for 50 minutes a day, 3 times a week, for a total of 5 weeks. For data analysis, a corresponding t-test was performed for within-group changes and an independent t-test was performed for inter-group changes, and the significance level was α=0.05. Results: After 5 weeks, there were significant differences in all items of within-group changes, and the inter-group changes after 5 weeks demonstrated significant differences in pain, trunk flexion strength, and balance. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that exercise using a sling had positive effects on pain, trunk flexion strength, and balance changes in chronic low back pain patients. It is suggested that sling exercise can be used as an intervention method for pain reduction and functional improvement of patients with chronic low back pain in clinical practice.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.130-139
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Tai Chi exercise on muscle strength, grip strength, flexibility, pain, depression and self-efficacy in patients with osteoarthritis. Method: With a quasi-experimental design, 46 persons with osteoarthritis were assigned into an experimental group (n=22) or a control group (n=24). Muscle strength, grip strength, flexibility, pain, depression and self-efficacy were measured both before and after the exercise. Data were analyzed with SPSS WIN using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANCOVA. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 68 years in the experimental group and 64 years in the control group. After controlling for age and pre-test outcome variables, muscle strength scores (F=-14.8, p= .00), grip strength scores (Rt: F=8.40, p= .01), and self-efficacy (F=47.3, p= .00) improved more in the experimental group than the control group. Joint pain scores (F=15.0, p= .00) and depression scores (F=14.7, p= .00) decreased in the experimental group. Conclusion: Tai Chi exercise is likely to be an effective nursing intervention to improve muscle strength, grip strength, and self-efficacy and reduce pain and depression for patients with osteoarthritis.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.18-27
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• 2002

Introduction : Exercise has been suggested as an important nursing strategy in which to help elderly maintain functional performance and to enhanced quality of life. Most of exercise study has been reported on fitness exercise such as walking, swimming, dance etc for health of elderly. There have been few reports about exercise on the promotion of small and fine movement of elderly. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine an effect of 6 weeks hand and finger exercise in home to improve hand muscle strength such as grip strength and finger pinch pressure. Materials and Methods Design: This pilot study was used one group pre and post-test design. Sample: Twelve elderly women above 60 years of age or older living in community were selected by convenient sampling. Procedure: Signed informed consent was obtained prior to participate in this study. The authors met elderly and taught hand and finger exercise, daily a week for 6 weeks, within 30 minutes per session. But exercise frequency and strength were not same. Instruments: Left and right grip strength were measured by Bulb Dynamometer(made in USA) and left and right pinch pressure were measured by Baseline Hydraulic Pinch Gauge(made in USA). Data analysis: Discriptive data analyses were performed on all variables. Wilcoxon matched-pairs Signed-Ranks test were used to find difference of grip strength and pinch pressure between pre and post exercise using SPSS 10.0 for Window. Results: Samples age ranged from 60 to 73, Mean age was 65.3. All were women. Ten elderly were diagnosed osteoarthritis and one had DM. After six weeks hand and finger exercise, Left and right grip strength were higher than those of before exercise(Z=-2.667, P<0.01 ; Z=-3.065, p<0.01). And left pinch pressure after hand and linger exercise were higher than that of before pinch pressure (Z=-2.315, p<0.05). But Right pinch pressure was not shown significant change(Z=-1.099, p>0.05). Conclusions: Although this study was limited by the sample size and design, the findings provide some important implications for community based exercise nursing intervention. Short term (six weeks) exercise of hand and linger is shown to be useful as nursing intervention to maintain routine daily activities such as eating, writing, grip something for elderly.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2004

The purpose of this research was to compare the effects of Danjeon Breathing exercise and walking exercise on physical fitness of middle-aged women. The Danjeon breathing exercise group(20) took health management counseling and performed an eighty-minute Danjeon breathing exercise three times a week for 12 weeks while the walking exercise group(25) took health management counseling and performed a walking exercise seven hours per week for 12 weeks. The control group(20) received only health management counseling. $VO_2max$, back strength, flexibility, balance, power and agility were measured using the Health Management System developed by the Korea Physical Science Institution. The collected data were analyzed by using the SPSS PC program and $x^2$, ANOVA, repeated measures of ANOVA and LSD. The result of this study are as follows: 1. There were significant differences on back strength, flexibility, agility and power among Danjeon breathing exercise group, walking exercise group and control group. The degree of back strength, flexibility and power of the Danjeon breathing exercise group was higher than that of the walking exercise group and the control group. The degree of agility of the walking exercise group was lower than that of the control group. 2. There were no significant differences on $VO_2max$ and balance among Danjeon breathing exercise group, walking exercise group and control group. In conclusion, Danjeon breathing exercise improves back strength, flexibility and power than walking exercise and walking exercise improves agility than Danjeon breathing exercise.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.59-65
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to investigate the effects of rehabilitation exercise program on the muscle strength and pain in elderly with knee osetoarthritis. The progressive rehabilitation program included flexibility, strength, endurance, and active range of motion exercise and functional activities. Methods: Nineteen subjects with osteoarthritis of the knees randomized to exercise group(n=10) or control group(n=9), but fourteen subjects completed the trial with an adherence of 70% to the intervention and 77% to the control. The knee pain with VAS and quadriceps strength were evaluated at pre- and post-intervention. Results: The data were analysed with the two-way repeated ANOVA and paired t-test. The pain and quadriceps muscle strength had no difference among the groups and times. Within experimental group, pain was significantly decrease and quadriceps muscle strength significantly increased between pre and post intervention, while the control group showed no changes. Conclusion: Rehabilitation exercise program for knee osteoarthirits appear to be effective in knee pain and quadriceps muscle strength.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined the effects of heel raise exercises combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on the muscle strength and postural control ability of subjects with functional ankle instability (FAI). Methods: Twenty-two subjects with FAI participated in this study. They were assigned randomly to two groups: 11 each in the NMES and the sham-NMES groups. Heel raise exercise was applied, and NMES electrodes were attached to the peroneus longus muscles. The NMES group applied NMES during the heel raise exercise. NMES was applied for 20 minutes during the heel raise exercise. The heel raise exercise was performed four times a week for five weeks. The muscle strength and balance error scoring system (BESS) were measured before and after the intervention. Results: A comparison of before and after the intervention within the groups revealed improved muscle strength in the NMES and Sham-NMES groups, but the BESS was improved under all conditions only in the NMES group. The Sham-NMES group showed no improvement in the unstable support surface. Furthermore, when comparing the amount of change before and after the intervention between the groups, there were significant differences in the total score and unstable support in the BESS and muscle strength. Conclusion: NMES had a positive effect on the functional activities of the functional ankle instability subjects, such as balancing on an unstable support surface during postural control and increasing muscle strength.