• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1994년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.175-180
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• 1994

The purpose of this experimental study is to improve the workability and durability in high sulphated cement concrete with fly-ash. As a results, we can make high strength concrete by using only high sulphated cement but try to improve the workability and degree of strength by adding 10% fly-ash but the effect beyond my expectation to improve the workability and degree of strength does not show, and the improvable effect except the drying shrinkage of durability dose not show, either. So we must give attention to using fly-ash.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.313-320
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• 2013

이 연구에서는 환경을 고려한 고성능 보수 보강재료 개발을 위하여 섬유를 보강한 폴리머 시멘트 모르타르의 특성을 연구하였다. 친환경 수지인 UM 수지를 일반 시멘트 모르타르와 일정 비율로 혼합하였다. 강도 증진의 영향을 확인하기 위해서 PVA 섬유, 강섬유 그리고 PVA섬유와 강섬유를 일정한 비율로 혼합한 하이브리드 섬유를 일정한 비율로 첨가하였다. 강도특성을 파악하기 위하여 섬유를 보강한 폴리머 시멘트 모르타르에 대하여 압축강도, 쪼갬 인장강도, 휨강도 실험을 수행하였다. 내구성을 파악하기 위하여 폴리머 시멘트 모르타르에 대하여 흡수율 실험, 내약품성 실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과 UM 수지 폴리머 시멘트 모르타르는 내구성능이 개선되었고, 이러한 폴리머 시멘트 모르타르에 섬유를 보강하면 콘크리트 및 모르타르의 취약점인 인장강도와 휨강도가 증가하였다. 향후 외부 노출된 콘크리트 구조물의 내구성 향상을 위한 보수보강재료로 사용성을 확인하였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1029-1034
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• 2001

The purpose of this research is to develop rapid setting cement latex modified concrete (RSLMC) which will be used to overlay bridge deck for maintaining and repairing. The main experimental variables were the types of rapid setting cement and variation of latex and antifoam agent contents were selected as admixture factor, then the properties of workability and strength development and durability properties were investigated. The results of this study show that latex content give increment of a slump due to surface tension in polymer particles and reduce unit weight of water for preservation of workability. In addition, When no and 1.6~3.2% antifoam agent were mixed, 8%, 2.0~3.8% were respectively obtained. An increasing the amount of latex produced concrete with increased flexural strength, but with slightly lower compressive strength. Rapid chloride permeability and freezing-thawing test carried out. As a results, according to increment of containing ratio antifoamer, strength of RSLMC increase, permeability showed lower value than ignorable 100 coulombs. Also, in the case of more than antifoamer 1.6%, the relativity dynamic modulus is mantained more than 90%, but in case of 0, 5%, it decrease. In consequence, with the view of strength and workability of RSLMC, it is considered that appropriate content ratio of antifoam agent and latex solid are respectively 1.6% by latex weight, 15% by cement weight.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2012

To develop a waterproof breathable material, we fabricated three kinds of nanofiber web laminates using a massproduced electrospun nanofiber web with different substrates and layer structures. The waterproofness and breathability of nanofiber web laminates were evaluated after repeated launderings and compared with those of conventional waterproof breathable fabrics currently in use, including densely woven fabric, microporous membrane laminated fabric, and coated fabric. The durability of nanofiber web laminates, including adhesion strength, abrasion resistance, tensile strength, and tearing strength, was also assessed and compared with those of conventional waterproof breathable fabrics. The water vapor transmission of nanofiber web laminates increased slightly after repeated launderings, whereas the air permeability somewhat decreased after launderings but still maintained an acceptable level of air permeability. Laundering reduced the resistance to water penetration of nanofiber web laminates, which implies that laminating techniques or substrate materials that could support waterproofness of the laminated structure should be explored. The adhesion strength, abrasion resistance, tensile strength, and tearing strength of nanofiber web laminates were in a range comparable to conventional waterproof breathable materials.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.212-218
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• 2013

풍화된 응회암 시험편을 모사하기 위하여 최고 예열온도를 200, 400, 600($^{\circ}C$)로 한 예열시험편을 제작하였다. 각 예열시험편에 대한 실내시험을 통해 비중, 흡수율, 탄성파속도, 일축압축강도, 압열인장강도, 탄성계수, 포아송비, 슬레이크 내구성 지수를 측정하였다. 암석에 열을 가하는 경우 물성의 열화가 발생하는 것으로 나타났으나 예외적으로 슬레이크 내구성 지수는 별로 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 평가되었다. P-파 속도와 일축압축강도, 압열인장강도, 탄성계수, 흡수율 간에는 상당한 상관성이 있는 것으로 해석되었으며, P-파 속도를 알면 일축압축강도, 압열인장강도, 탄성계수, 흡수율을 추정할 수 있는 회귀식을 도출하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.195-206
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• 2019

The gypsiferous soils are significantly sensitive to moisture and the water has a severe destructive effect on them. Therefore, the effect of lime and silica fume addition on their mechanical properties, when subjected to water, is investigated. Gypsiferous soil specimens were mixed with 1, 2 and 3% lime and 1, 3, 5 and 7% silica fume, in terms of the dry weight of soil. The specimens were mixed at optimum moisture content and cured for 24 hours, 7 and 28 days. 86 specimens in the sizes of unconfined compression strength test mold were prepared to perform unconfined compressive strength and durability tests. The results proved that adding even 1% of each of these additives can lead to a 15 times increase in unconfined compressive strength, compared with untreated specimen, and this increases as the curing time is prolonged. Also, after soaking, the compressive strength of the specimens stabilized with 2 and 3% lime plus different percentages of silica fume was considerably higher than before soaking. The durability of the treated specimens increased significantly after soaking. Direct shear tests showed that lime treatment is more efficient than silica fume treatment. Moreover, it is concluded that the initial tangent modulus and the strain at failure increased as the normal stress of the test was increased. Also, the higher lime contents, up to certain limits, increase the shear strength. Therefore, simultaneous use of lime and silica fume is recommended to improve the geotechnical properties of gypsiferous soils.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.701-711
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• 2013

People started to replace natural aggregate with recycled aggregate for a number of years due to disposal problem and certain other potential benefits. Though there are number of drawbacks with use of recycled aggregates like lesser modulus of elasticity, low compressive strength, increase in shrinkage, there are results of earlier studies that use of chemical and mineral admixtures improves the strength and durability of recycled concrete. The use of recycled aggregate from construction and demolition wastes is showing prospective application in construction as alternative to natural aggregates. It conserves lot of natural resources and reduces the space required for the landfill disposal. In the present research work, the effect of recycled aggregate on strength and durability aspects of concrete is studied. Grade of concrete chosen for the present work is M50 (with a characteristic compressive strength of 50 MPa). The recycled aggregates were collected from demolished structure with 20 years of age. Natural Aggregate (NA) was replaced with Recycled Aggregate (RA) in different percentages such as 25, 50 and 100 to understand its effect. The experiments were conducted for different ages of concrete such as 7, 14, 28, 56 days to assess the compressive and tensile strength. Durability characteristics of recycled aggregate concrete were studied with Rapid chloride penetration test (as per ASTMC1202), sorptivity test and acid test to assess resistance against chloride ion penetration, capillary suction and chemical attack respectively. Mix design for 50 MPa gives around 35 MPa after replacing natural aggregate with recycled aggregate in concrete mix and the chloride penetration range also lies in moderate limit. Hence it is understood from the results that replacement of NA with RA is very much possible and will be ecofriendly.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.591-599
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• 1994

A design system for power transmission bevel gears(straight, zerol, and spiral) is developed, in which the strength and durability of bevel gears can be estimated and the size of bevel gears can be minimized by introducing optimal techniques. The size of bevel gear pair as the object function to be minimized is the volume of equivalent spur gear pair at mean normal section, and the design variables to be determined are considered as the number of teeth, face width, diametral pitch, and spiral angle in spiral bevel gear. The strength(bending strength, pitting resistance) according to the AGMA standards, geometrical quantities, and operating characteristics(interference of pinion, contact ratio, etc.) are considered as the constraints in design optimization. The optimization with these constraints becomes nonlinear problem and that is solved with ALM(Augmented Lagrange Multiplier) method. The developed design method is applied to the example designs of straight, zerol, and spiral bevel gears. The design results are acceptable from the viewpoint of strength and durability within the design ranges of all other constraint, and the bevel gears are designed toward minimizing the size of gear pair. This design method is easily applicable to the design of bevel gears used as power transmitting devices in machineries, and is expected to be used for weight minimization of bevel gear unit.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2003

In this study, durability performance of blended cement mortars is evaluated when various mineral admixtures are used with the cement. A comprehensive evaluation of the effects of mineral admixtures on the mortar performance was made. The properties of fresh and hardened blended mortars investigated include slump flow and compressive strength. The durability characteristics of cement materials incorporating the mineral admixtures under various physical and chemical causes of deterioration was investigated. The laboratory test results indicate that mechanical and durability properties of blended cement mortars have superior performance rather than ordinary cement mortars.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2008

Purpose: Since the report of artificial dermis manufacturing method using collagen by Yannas in 1980, collagen has been effectively used as dermal substitute with its merits such as, lower antigeneicity, controllable biodegradation rate, and minimal inflammatory cytotoxic properties in the dermal tissue engineering field. However, weak mechanical durability was the main drawback of collagen dermal substitute. To improve its stability, mechanical or chemical cross-linking was used. Despite of such process, its clinical use was restricted due to weak durability. To improve the durability of collagen matrix, we designed elastin-incorporated collagen matrix and compared its durability with conventional collagen matrix. Methods: 15mm diameter with 4mm thick collagen dermal matrix was made according to Yannas protocol by mixing 0.5% bovine collagen and chondroitin-6-sulfate followed by degassing, freeze drying, dehydrodermal cross-linking and chemical cross-linking procedure. In elastin incorporated collagen matrix, same procedure was performed by mixing elastin to previous collagen matrix in 4:1 ratio(collagen 80% elastin 20%). In comparison of the two dermal matrix in vitro tests, matrix contracture rate, strain, tensile strength, was measured and stiffness was calculated from comparative analysis. Results: In terms of matrix contracture, the elastin-incorperated added collagen dermis matrix showed 1.2 times more contraction compared to conventional collagen matrix. However, tensile strength showed 1.6 times and stiffness showed 1.6 times increase in elastin-incorporated matrix. Conclusion: Elastin incorperated collagen matrix manufactured by our team showed increased durability due to improvement in tensile strength and stiffness compared to previous collagen matrix($Integra^{(R)}$).