• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.219-234
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• 2024

The strength reduction factor spectrum is traditionally obtained from a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system with a constant damping coefficient. However, according to the principle of Rayleigh damping, the damping coefficient matrix of a system changes with the stiffness matrix, and the damping coefficient of an equivalent SDOF system changes with the tangent stiffness coefficient. In view of that, this study proposes an equivalent SDOF system with an adaptive damping coefficient and derives a standardized reaction balance equation. By iteratively adjusting the strength reduction factor, the corresponding spectrum with an equivalent ductility factor is obtained. In addition, the ratio between the strength reduction factor that considers adaptive damping and the traditional strength reduction factor, denoted by η, is determined, and the η-μ-T relationship is obtained. Seismic records of Classes C, D, and E sites are selected as excitations. Moreover, a nonlinear response time-history analysis is performed to establish the relationship between the η and T values for the equivalent ductility factor μ. Further, by exploring the effects of the site class, ductility factor, second-order stiffness coefficient, and period T on the mean value of η, a simplified calculation equation of mean η is derived, and η is used as a modified value for the traditional strength reduction factor R spectrum.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.96-100
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is presented a rational method of predicting dynamic/impact tensile strength of high tensile steel materials widely used fur structural material of automobiles. It is known that the ultimate strength is related with the loading speed and the Lethargy Coefficient from the tensile test. The Dynamic Lethargy Coefficient is proportional to the disorientation of the molecular structure and indicates the magnitude of defects resulting from the probability of breaking the bonds responsible for its strength. The coefficient is obtained from the simple tensile test such as failure time and stresses at fracture. These factors not only affect the static strength but also have a great influence on the dynamic/impact characteristics of the joist and the adjacent structures. This strength is used to analyze the failure life prediction of mechanical system by virtue of its material fracture. The impact tensile test is performed to evaluate the life parameters due to loading speed with the proposed method. Also the evaluation of the dynamic/impact effect on the material tensile strength characteristics is compared with the result of Campbell-Cooper equation to verify the proposed method.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1997

In the single yarn spinning process by the ring spinning system, the finer the fineness of yarn and the lower the twist coefficient, the lower the breaking strength and breaking elongation. The change of yarn specific volume to yarn number agreed with Peirce's formula in the range of Ne 50 to 70, but above that range the values of the experiment are higher than that of the formula. The change of diameter of yarn to the reciprocal of the square root of yarn number agreed with Peirce's formula in the range of under 0.14, but above that value the values of the experiment are higher than that of the formula. In breaking strength variation according to twist constant of single yarn, as the twist coefficient increased, breaking strength increased. At 5.8∼6.0 of twist coefficient the maximum breaking strength was shown, but above that value breaking strength decreased. Breaking elongation also showed a similar tendency. But at 6.0∼6.5 of twist coefficient the maximum breaking elongation was shown. Also spinning tension increased as twist coefficient increased. Twist coefficient, breaking strength and breaking elongation according to the number of coils stayed almost the same. Yarn spinning tension according to the number of coils at the maximum of diameter was the lowest value. The speed of the traveller at the maximum of diameter was the highest value.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.715-726
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• 2012

콘크리트의 대표적 물성치인 강도 및 염화물 확산계수는 재령에 따라 변화하며, 염화물 침투 해석시 이러한 영향들이 고려되고 있다. 이 연구는 다양한 혼화재료 (고로슬래그 미분말, 플라이애쉬, 실리카 퓸)을 포함하는 고성능콘크리트의 촉진염화물 확산계수, 겉보기 염화물 확산계수, 강도 특성을 재령에 따라 실험적으로 도출하고 그 상관성을 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 30개의 배합을 가지는 고성능 콘크리트가 제작되었고, 재령 28일, 91일, 180일, 270일에 대한 촉진확산계수를 실험적으로 도출하였으며, 또한 동일배합에 대하여 침지 6개월 이후의 겉보기 확산계수가 도출되었다. 재령에 대한 강도 특성을 평가하기 위해, 재령 7일, 28일, 91일, 180일에 대한 강도시험이 수행되었다. 시간 의존적인 촉진확산계수의 변화가 겉보기 확산계수 및 강도와 비교되었으며, 각각의 상관관계가 재령에 대하여 분석되었다. 이 연구를 통하여 겉보기 확산계수와 촉진확산계수는 재령에 큰 영향을 받지 않으면서 선형적인 상관성이 도출되었다. 또한 강도와 촉진확산계수 그리고 강도와 겉보기 확산계수에서도 재령에 큰 영향을 받지 않는 선형적인 관계가 도출되었다.

• Advances in materials Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.75-90
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• 2022

In this paper, functionality of soft computing algorithms such as Group method of data handling (GMDH), Random forest (RF), Random tree (RT), Linear regression (LR), M5P, and artificial neural network (ANN) have been looked out to predict the compressive strength of concrete mixed with marble powder. Assessment of result suggests that, the overall performance of ANN based model gives preferable results over the different applied algorithms for the estimate of compressive strength of concrete. The results of coefficient of correlation were maximum in ANN model (0.9139) accompanied through RT with coefficient of correlation (CC) value 0.8241 and minimum root mean square error (RMSE) value of ANN (4.5611) followed by RT with RMSE (5.4246). Similarly, other evaluating parameters like, Willmott's index and Nash-sutcliffe coefficient value of ANN was 0.9458 and 0.7502 followed by RT model (0.8763 and 0.6628). The end result showed that, for both subsets i.e., training and testing subset, ANN has the potential to estimate the compressive strength of concrete. Also, the results of sensitivity suggest that the water-cement ratio has a massive impact in estimating the compressive strength of concrete with marble powder with ANN based model in evaluation with the different parameters for this data set.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.2003-2012
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• 1970

In order to the influence of grain size distribution on compressive strength and coefficient of permeability, unconfined compression test and permeability test were performed for seventy samples that have various grain-size distributions. Its results are as follows: 1. Maximum unconfined compressive strength appears at the dry side of optimum moisture content. 2. Unconfined compressive strength is proportional to the increase of percent passing of No. 200 sieve. 3. Precent of deformation in failure increases in proportion to the increase of percent passing of No. 200 sieve, and modulus of No. 200 sieve, and modulus of deformation also increases in proportion to percent passing of No. 200 sieve. 4. Unconfined compressive strength increases in proportion to uniformity coefficient, liquid limit and plastic index, but it decreases gradually according to the increase of coefficient of grading and classification area. 5. Maximum dry density decreases according to the increase of void ratio. 6. Coefficient of permeability decreases according to the increase of percent passing of No. 200 sieve, and when percent of No. 200 sieve, and when percent passing of No. 200 enlarged more than 40%, it becomes less than $10^{-6}cm/sec$ which is the limit of coefficient of permeability of core material for earth dam proposed by Lee. 7. Coefficient of permeability increases according to the increase of coefficient of grading, classification area and index of Talbot formula r, but it was rather decrease by the increase of uniformity coefficient. 8. Coefficient of permeability seems to depend on the size and the shape of the flow path which is a series of void to be concerned by the size and the proprton of soil grain, even though void ratios are same.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1998년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.227-230
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• 1998

The void ratio, continuous void ratio, coefficient of permeability, compressive strength and tensile strength were considered according to the EAF(Electric Arc Furnace) slag replacement and sand percentage in permeable concrete used with EAF slag as aggregate. The sand percentage was directly proportional to the permeable coefficient, but inversely proportional to the compressive strength. When the compressive strength and coefficient of permeability were 230 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and 1$\times$$10^{-1}$ cm/sec, the useful sand percentage was 8%. When the EAF slag replacement was 25%, the coefficient of permeability was the most low and compressive strength was the most high.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.103-116
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• 1998

순수전단강도를 추정하기 위해 150 세트의 삼축시험 결과를 분석하였다. 내부마찰각은 Hoek와 Brown의 파괴조건계수 m이 증가하는데 따라 비 선형적으로 증가하였으나 순수전단강도 비례계수 1c는 비선형적으로 감소하였다. 압축강도의 전단강도에 대한 비는 내부마찰각의 비에 역비례하였다. 전단강도는 m에 반비례하였으나 내부마찰각은 비례하였다. 또 단축강도는 c에 비례하였다. 회 귀분석의 해석에 있어서 전단강도가 m과 단축압축강도의 주요 영향요소로 나타났다. 전단강도의 비례계수는 RMR의 증가에 따라 비선행적으로 증가하였으나 내부마찰각은 선형적으로 감소하였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2003년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.11-14
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to offer a base data of specification, so that the strength information of concrete in the structure for irrigation can be rationally determined the coefficient of variation of an existing irrigation structure and the best fit the ready-mixed concrete strength to specified strength $f_ck$. From analysis of concrete cylinders from about 30 numbers in southern Korea, it was concluded that the coefficient of variation of cylinder strength were approximately 5.9%. On the basis of the core strength test data, it was appeared that the average coefficient of variation for the existing irrigation structure can be taken as 17.8% for strength level 21MPa.

• Journal of Ceramic Processing Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.66-73
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• 2021

Ceramics have high hardness, corrosion resistance, and abrasion resistance, but are easily fractured by micro crack. Many studies on self-healing have been conducted to eliminate the risk of micro crack on the surface. SiO2 is self-healing material, in which Si and O2 are combined. TiO2-added Si3N4/SiC composites were sintered. The SiO2 colloid was coated on the surface, and heat treated. The bending strength and abrasion characteristics were evaluated. The specimen with SiO2 colloid coating had higher strength than that of the uncoated specimen, and the strength of TiO2-added specimen also increased. The friction coefficient and wear loss of SiO2 colloid coated specimens were smaller than those of the uncoated specimens. The friction coefficient and wear loss of TiO2-added specimens were smaller than those without additives. The friction coefficient and wear loss decreased with increasing bending strength. Friction coefficient and wear loss according to the heat treatment temperature showed the reverse tendency to the bending strength. Therefore, TiO2-added ceramic will ensure economic efficiency.