• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.58-69
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• 2003

The Hemi-sphere projection method produces an image that includes all surrounding visual landscape from a view point. This characteristic can solve the problem of perspective method that has only a limited view angle, and thus can be a potentially effective method for the analysis of visual landscape. This study tried to adopt the hemi-sphere projection method in the evaluation of streetscape, and examined its effectiveness and possibilities. Computer animations using the perspective method and the hemi-sphere method were produced for Bang-Hak Ro, Seoul, and the kames of the animations were reclassed to identify the visibility ratio of physical elements(buildings, sky and mountains). A preference questionnaire was given to 51 university students, and the relationships between the visibility ratio and visual preference were analyzed. The results showed that visual preference of streetscape can be explained by three factors: Openness, Uniformity, and Variousness, accounting for 63.2% of the total variance, and among which Openness showed the highest proportion at 32.1％. The visibility ratio calculated by the hemi-sphere method yielded strong correlation coefficients with Openness, and it was much higher than with the perspective method. The hemi-sphere method also produced significant correlation coefficients about Uniformity and Variousness, but the perspective method could not. The results demonstrated that the hemi-sphere method can provide more accurate observation of visual changes, and that it can be an effective method for the analysis of streetscape.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2014

This study is aimed to represent the streetscape in 1960s' focused on Seong-An street of Cheong-ju through the existing business types and buildings, literature, photo details, and interview of the longest-term householders. Results of this study are as follows : Firstly, the types of 1st-floor shops were diverse with general merchandise, apparel, medical, bank, restaurant, and etc in 1960s'. The present shops of them are 'Dong-kwang lasa', 'Jung-geum dang', 'Cheong-ju pharmacy' including the existing 'the Korea development', 'Korea first', and 'Woori' bank. Secondly, the streetscape around post office looks just as it did in the old 1960s'. In the other section the present typical buildings are 'Namseon pharmacy ', 'Kukje department', 'Samyang shop', 'Daeyang shop', 'Park shop', and etc. These old 3-4story buildings are reinforced concrete in contrasted with the former wooden and masonry in structure, and converted in use and appearance. Thirdly, the streetscape of Seong-An is ultimately represented by presuming the other buildings and equipments through aerial and street photograph in the old 1960s'.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 1999

Previous research for visual assessment of streetscape employed static simulation methods to represent future landscape. However, streetscape is experienced sequentially, and thus dynamic simulations can be more effective. This study tried to adopt computer animation in the evaluation of streetscape, and examined its effects and possibilities. Three development scenarios for the redevelopment districts of Sokong-Ro and Banpo-Ro in Seoul were designed, and simulations were produced by three methods-photo-retouching, computer still image, and animation. A preference questionnaire was asked to 69 university students, and the effects of simulation methods on visual preference were examined. In addition, the frames of the animation were reclassed to identify the visibility of physical elements. The relationships between the visibility and visual preference were analyzed. The results showed that visual preference can be explained by three factors-Amenity, Tidiness, and Variousness-that account for 62.4% of the total variance, and the Amenity showed the highest proportion: 36.0%. Among the three simulation methods, animation showed the largest difference in preference for the most important factor(Amenity), and yielded the highest correlation between visibility of physical elements and Amenity. This result demonstrated that dynamic simulations can provide more accurate observation of visual changes, especially because the simulated landscape is experienced sequentially. The results also revealed that the sequential change in the visibility of physical elements can be examined easily and precisely by animation. This benefit of animation enables analysts to identify the points where the landscape varies the most, and thus visual preference should be evaluated.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.379-387
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• 2005

This study aims to establish the schematic plan for renewing canopied landscape of Garosoo-gil of Chongju and to review to conserving the resources of streetscape of the Garosoo-gil. The study reinterpreted the Garosoo-gil of tree canopied road, representing meanings and functions of the road with main traffics as well as the image of Chongju city achieved buffer zone for open spaces to city green network. The study relied on the present composition, the status of road trees and streetscapes; additionally, the present streets cape was performed with examinations of those factors, the composition of roadscape, the change of structure according to visitor's movement and road construction condition, which was composed with focused places on concerning the loss and demolition of trees by Garosoo-gil. According to the result, the streetscape could be prospected to decreasing the number of trees and changing the sceneries of streetscape. As a result, the dominant canopied streetscape was found three areas. The analysis could help to find a way to establish the schematic plan for making the streets cape be symbolized and take place identified and better festival events with greens. The study could not only suggest the place of the streetscape to be divided into conservation area and protection area, for tree canopy but also establish alternatives for making the Garosoo-gil be a beautiful street park and enduring for a better landscape of main entrance road.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.1D
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• pp.89-98
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• 2010

The goal of this study is to investigate the achievement of street improvement projects based on district unit plans aiming at improving the urban streetscape. Post assessments are conducted for three streetscape improvement projects - Noyu street improvement project, Hanaro street improvement project next to Sungshin women's university, Chatgoshipun street improvement project in front of Ehwa women's university. The results of the post assessment indicate that the initial quality of streetscape has been improved after the projects. The long-term sustainability of the streetscape, however, was not achieved for the street improvement project applied at the street next to Sungshin women's university due to the lack of support from the community. It is found that the key component of success for the street improvement project is the strong cooperation between public and private parties.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.50-51
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• 2000

근래, 도시환경 전체에 대해 문화적 가치를 부여하여 즐거우면서 윤택한 거리를 형성, 사회자본의 일환으로써 재조명하려는 움직임이 늘고있다. 특히 지방자치제가 점차 정립화되어감에 따라, 지역의 개성이나 특성을 살린 거리조성이 활발하게 진행되고 있다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.9-21
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• 2011

This study aims to examine and research the characteristics of apartment landscape at the street from a view that apartments are the major element of a cityscape and many apartments form a street today. Then, the subjects of this study were three sections consisting of streets in Namak New Town and the results were as follows. A streetscape is necessary to have identity under the unity(context) of parts which orient to "one as a whole". However, the subject apartments were not united(contextual) in layouts, roofs, and walls, whereas their facades appeared too united(contextual). Accordingly, to make a united(contextual) streetscape, the wall located in a boundary(a buffer zone) with public space which consists of a streetscape, building layout, building height, and roof forms need a design guideline which can have unity as a whole to connect with architectural design. On the other hand, the facade which was found too uniform should have a more active design guideline to elicit identity at unity.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.13-18
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• 2008

Recently it is urgent issue in every department that problem from environmental disruption such as global warming. As the case of streetscape works essentially at city scenery, it is inevitable that changing from present view, which centers facilities and buildings, to environmental harmonic scenery. This study plans climate adjusting ability and improvement of thermal efficiency by putting ecological elements to buildings on a street which are essential factors of streetscape. Ultimately, this not only makes a pleasant environment but also revives being withered earth. Street-environment on eco-scape will take a part in designing sustainable city. This study acquires the way how buildings on a street get applied ecological elements as following. Roof level part : the greening surface of the rooftop(included plant box type), the greening roof as a type of pergola, the greening surface of the middle floor rooftop(included plant box type). Elevation part : climbing type, downfall type, espalier, flower bed in balcony type, wall-installing type, water wall type, other design types. Ground level part : paving the whole surface with permeability, paving the gap with permeability, plant box type, ground plant type, waterside zone, wetland, fence greening type, terrace greening type, retaining wall greening type.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to explore the factors affecting satisfaction of street-scape. According to this purpose, in chapter 2, by inspecting conservation of street environment and streetscape, deduce the frame for analyzing streetscape in commercial district. In chapter 3, analyzing present condition and problems of selected streets in Pohang City, derive the primary factors to induce desirable streetscape through problems and their reason between the analyzed elements of building form. Analyzed elements are composed pavement of road, street furniture, height of buildings, color and material of building and outdoor advertisements, etc. In chapter 4, by conducting a questionnaire survey of pedestrians about street images and the preference, propose the direction of improvement about streetscape in commercial district. As the study method, level of satisfaction was analyzed using the components of street-scape. The collected data was analyzed through Reliability Analysis, ANOVA, Factor Analysis, Regression Analysis. A regression analysis for deriving main factors affecting the satisfaction level of street-scape showed that signboard, sign color, width of street, paving materials, street furniture, open space were found to be the most important.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.205-213
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to analysis the application of the ISG(Index of Streetscape Greenness) in EIA through case study of Seoul. ISG is a new index which directly expresses human's perceptions of plants in a street and is defined as the area ratio of which leaves of plants occupy an eye-level view of a person standing on the center line of a street. In this research the 42 cases of 3 step reports such as plans, drafts, and final reports which had been passed through the EIA procedure of Seoul were analyzed. The results are as follows: In the drafts frequent mistakes or errors such as unsuitable picture composition, unsuitable sample points, inconsistency of the simulation result with the planting plan, and insufficient numbers of analysis were found, but almost of them were corrected in the final reports. In the most of final reports, the 30% of minimum requirement was satisfied. At all cases the changes of the ISG values were clearly positive. Finally the average current ISG was 19.6%, meanwhile the average proposed ISG was 35.4%. It was verified that the ISG is very practical index to promote green streetscape, but in order to guarantee an achievement a thorough investigation of reports are needed.