• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.114-127
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• 2010

This study aimed at reviewing the case examples of environmental assessment of development projects within management zones, identifying problems and improvement opportunities and suggesting the direction of environmental assessment for management zones that are increasingly segmented Findings showed that first, the assessment of environment soundness in management zones must incorporate the national land environmental map and wide-area ecological axes established by the Ministry of Environment. Second, regarding development activities in management zones, rather than an issue of simply destroying natural environment in a development site itself during a development period, an issue of permanently isolating ecosystems from surrounding areas in a mid/long-term perspective and continually polluting water in mid-stream/upstream regions where sites are located must be considered. Third, in the case of development projects with vast areas, existing plant communities will be disturbed and the naturalness of vegetation will gradually decline due to foreign tree species introduced for landscape architecture. Therefore, creating buffer forests at forest boundaries and planting native tree species that are same as nearby tree species must be examined. Last but not least, when assessing the environmental soundness of management zones, it would be crucial to comprehensively review the environmental, social and locational features of management zones, including surrounding areas, and set the direction of environmental assessment accordingly.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

This study examines the policy direction for energy self-reliant islands using marine energy. In other words, it was suggested that the environmental characteristics of the ocean should be considered by conducting a strategic marine environmental impact assessment when establishing an energy-independent island project plan. It was also suggested to proceed with preemptive site selection. In particular, it was emphasized that continuous monitoring of the marine environment should be carried out during the construction and operation of the marine energy development project. In addition, I emphasized the need to seek ways to expand marine environmental impact data and to actively participate and support the residents of the island, which is important in promoting self-reliant islands using ocean energy. This can be said to have a high probability of success when the government-led smart grid project group and KEPCO collaborate with each other. The results of the study analyzed through literature review are as follows. First, active participation and support for initiatives led by residents are needed. second,. KEPCO must collaborate with specialized public institutions such as the Smart Grid Project Group. Third, a strategic marine environment impact assessment should be introduced. Fourth, continuous marine environmental impact investigations should be conducted.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.511-524
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• 2007

Korea has 30 years of experiences in environmental impact assessment (EIA). Although EIA includes sanitation-public health factor, considering health impacts, among 74 unit projects of 17 sections, health impacts haven't been properly considered or have been ignored in many cases. The increasing awareness on the importance of health impacts has triggered this study to seek an optimal introduction scheme of health impact assessment (HIA). The processes of EIA already include screening, scoping, analysis, impact assessment, consultation, document review, decision making and monitoring, in which they would be the essential parts of HIA. In this context, integrating HIA into the existing EIA process could be the most effective way to use the benefits in both legal and procedural processes existed and to avoid the confusion and overlapping since the close relationships between environment and health impacts might be. Furthermore, it is desirable that the existing sanitation-public health factor should be substituted by and extended to environment-health factor with sufficient determinants to properly consider health impacts. When considering the first step of HIA, the prospective and qualitative approach is suitable more than the retrospective and quantitative one due to the lack of database accumulated. Similarly, an approach based on epidemiology and toxicology could analyze the limited evidences and impacts related to human disease, whereas one based on socio-science and psychology could provide the effective means available for predicting how the people and community will act by the change of surroundings. Checklist approach with various and comprehensive health determinants focused on prospective and qualitative methods will be very useful for more convenient and progressive dissemination of HIA. Various checklist approaches of toolkits could be found from HIA documents elsewhere, for example Westminster Toolkit, and they would be helpful to figure out how to develop common procedures and health determinants for checklist, in which the unique characteristics on korean cultural and political context compared to abroad should be carefully considered since checklist would be the most basic and essential part of HIA. After the establishment of checklist and procedural processes, the pilot projects should be conducted. Main purpose of pilot projects is to apparently prove the effectiveness and profitability of HIA. Pilot projects should be implemented to decide the effectiveness and suitability of HIA for future projects, programs and policies, and should be provided as the positive cases that can be achieved through the proper implementation and progress.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.25-45
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• 2008

This review was made to discuss the issues of ecological restoration and environmental impact assessment (EIA) related to the preservation of natural environment, the central theme expressed in the National Anthem of Korea. The authors notice that the key word or the central philosophy contained in the verses of the National Anthem of Korea is the preservation of national land and eternal identity for future generations, which is thought to be pursued through the attainment of ecological sustainability. A conceptual model for the sustainable management of natural ecosystems was suggested for the efficient utilization and the preservation of them, whose activities should be promoted by those of conservation and restoration instead of destructive development and negligence, respectively. Here, the preservation of natural environment can be directly pursued through the restoration of degraded ecosystems and landscapes and the utilization of natural environment can be directly pursued through the conservation of natural resources and wise management of natural ecosystems and landscapes. After reviewing the major characteristics and activities of the restoration of degraded ecosystems and landscapes, discussion was further extended to points for the promotion of the EIA activities. To point out some of them, it is needed for the public to better understand the nature of sustainable management of natural environment, for the society to put extensive energy and resources in the restoration of degraded ecosystems and landscapes, and for the government to install higher levels of ministries than that of the Ministry of Environment in dealing with the issues related to the 'preservation' of national land, people, culture and the security of the sustainability for future generations, where EIA and strategic environment assessment (SEA) can directly contribute to the sustainability of the country and future generations.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.167-176
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• 2008

Korea has made the rapid economical development under the condition with the high population density and low available land. In this context, conservation of land environment, connected directly with living quality of human, has mostly ignored. Prior Environment Review System(PERS) is the one to investigate the locational validity, environmental impacts, harmony with surrounding environment, from the early stage of administrative plan or development project. PERS was amended to include SEA(Strategic Environment Assessment) system on June 1, 2006. But, several problems, including the loss of administrative ability, cost, and time, have been appeared, since the system is applied to all administrative plans without any distinction and plans or projects are delayed generally. In this study, the weaknesses of PERS were indicated through the comprehensive analysis including literature survey, study of legal and internet database, and the recently published PERS reports. Based on that, the improvement schemes were suggested to be harmonized with the nature of SEA. This study was mainly focused on a PERS for the designation of conservational area of hot-spring wells, conducted by authors.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.269-279
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• 2021

In the current conditions of world socio-economic development, the strategic support of the process of managing the development of universities has become a particularly important area. Strategic management requires reliable information and analytical support in the form of sound descriptions of strategic directions of development, assumptions, and forecasts. The purpose of the study is to substantiate and elaborate the crucial causes in the strategic management of university's development and to suggest the coherent prospects for advancements. The data analysis was performed using descriptive methods to identify the most significant causes that affect the university's strategic development; the expert assessment was used to rank the factors, ultimately to assess each factor that affects to some extent the university's strategic development; the abstract-logical method was used to ground the positive impact of computer technologies and e-learning on the strategic development of a university and to formulate proposals for its further progress. The main results provided in the given paper showed that significant and most important strategic cause of university's development lies in the field of improving the quality of education, expanding access to educational services based on computer technology and its functionality. In turn, its widespread use at all stages of the educational process allows providing a number of advancements for universities in strategic prospects.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.160-170
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• 2020

Railroads and roads are typical linear projects, and their networks are expanding nationwide. To minimize the impact of their development on the environment, ecological disconnection due to the parallel lines of railroads and roads is to be avoided as much as possible. In this study, to examine the environmental impact of railroad and road development, the characteristics of railroads and roads and the differences between them were examined through a comparative analysis of key evaluation items. Based on the result, the road development, unlike the railroad project, suggests items for establishing an efficient land use plan and soil protection as the key evaluation items. There are no specific evaluation items and criteria that can be used to examine the environmental impact of railroad lines located adjacent to roads. In this study, eight evaluation items were suggested by reviewing the relevant literature. In particular, in the strategic environmental impact assessment stage, which examines the adequacy and location feasibility of the plan, the minimum separation distance criteria were proposed to examine in advance the environmental impact of railroads located adjacent to the existing roads. The distances were examined for the previously operated routes, and a distance of less than 200 m was suggested to minimize the environmental impact. The results were compared with those in other studies and analyzed. The results of this study can be used as a basis for examining alternative routes that can minimize the environmental impact of adjacent railroads and roads.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.467-483
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• 2007

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a kind of planning technique to seek ways to minimize environmental impact, a scheme to encourage sustainable development. With the launch of the Ministry of Environment in 1980, the EIA was introduced in Korea. Its full operation was initially driven by regulations on documenting EIA reports in 1981, which was piloted as a decision-making scheme where final decision were made at the development department after considering opinions suggested by the Ministry of Environment. At that time, dominance of the economic logic overwhelmed environ-friendly opinions, but thanks to the fourth revision of the Environmental Conservation Law in 1986, private projects came to be included on the EIA list. This was a turning point for the EIA to become a regulatory system. Local governments are also conducting the EIA regardless of the national-level EIA. In order to prevent and resolve increasingly severe environmental problems in Seoul in advance due to various construction projects, the Seoul Metropolitan Government, for the first time as a local government in Korea, legislated city decrees to introduce the EIA which has been underway from September 1, 2002. In particular, the Seoul government, unlike the Ministry of Environment, has included construction works on the list of evaluation projects, adopting the scoping and screen procedure scheme. In addition, complementing operational setbacks, the city government has revised and implemented decrees and enforcement laws on the Impact Assessment on Environment, Transportation and Disasters by shortening the consultation period, eliminating the submission of reports on construction, and expanding the waiver requirements in consultation over the reports. Therefore, development measures for the EIA scheme of the Seoul Metropolitan Government will be the target of the research. To that end, the up-to-date data of the Ministry of Environment, the Seoul government and local governments was collected, and latest materials from the EU, previous research and the Internet were gathered for analyses. By doing so, the flow of the EIA was reviewed, and the EIA schemes of local governments under the national EIA were analyzed. Furthermore, based on the Seoul government's recent data on the EIA based on the decrees, the background and legislation of the Seoul government's EIA were analyzed along with the developments for the environmental organizations. Setbacks were derived from the implementation period, evaluation procedures, consultation period and details of the EIA, and corresponding development measures were proposed.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.237-250
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• 2014

A wide range of projects for ocean renewable energy are currently in development around the world and ocean energy industries continue to receive significant support from their governments. Surrounded by sea on three sides, Korea has potentially abundant renewable ocean energy resources, which include tidal current, tidal range, offshore wind power, osmotic pressure and ocean thermal energy. Numerous ocean renewable energy projects has been developed in Korea. Nevertheless, there are some concerns that those developments often select an environmentally unsuitable location and/or there are very few existing information on those environmental effects. The purpose of this study is to improve supporting policies and regulation systems of ocean renewable energy development in Korea by reviewing and compiling government policies and environmental assessment systems related to ocean renewable energy development around the world. The study suggests several policy implications for its environmental-friendly development in Korea, including requirements of strategic environmental assessment for proactive and environmentally suitable site selection of ocean renewable energy development and continuous post-development environmental monitoring, and so on.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 2010

광역도시계획은 전략계획, 정책계획, 지침계획의 성격을 지니는 공간계획으로 청사진 계획으로 운용되어 온 기존의 광역개발계획 및 도시기본계획과 구분된다. 광역도시계획이 정하는 사항은 도시기본계획 및 관련 하위계획에서 기본적 취지를 검토하여 집행됨으로써 이들 계획에 대하여 지침 (guideline)적 성격을 가지나, 직접적으로 개별 개발행위나 토지이용행위를 구속하지는 않는다. 행정중심복합도시 광역도시계획에 대한 전략환경평가는 국토해양부 시행지침에서 제시한 절차를 준용하되, 계획수립 여건을 고려하여 평가계획 수립, 항목과 범위 설정(scoping), 환경성평가, 보고서 작성, 보고서 검토, 모니터링 및 사후평가의 6단계로 진행하였다. 전략환경평가 시 구체적인 항목과 범위, 평가방법 등은 계획의 범위와 성격, 내용 등에 대해 대안의 비교 검토가 가능하도록 4가지 사항을 중점적으로 고려하였다. 즉, 정책목표 달성방법의 환경 적 적정성, 대안의 설정, 자원과 에너지 이용의 효율성, 계획이 지구환경에 미치는 영향 등이다. 계획의 환경성 제고를 위해 설정한 항목은 인구, 토지이용계획, 교통계획, 녹지관리 등 4가지이며, 평가과정에서 반복 및 환류를 통하여 계획과 평가간의 연계성을 도모하였다. 이 과정에서 공간구조 변화는 행정중심복합도시를 정점으로 하고 주변 연결거점을 3개로 늘려 조정하였다.