• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.247-253
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• 2009

Somatic chromosome numbers for 20 taxa of Korean Artemisia L. were investigated for the purpose of classification. Somatic chromosome numbers of treated taxa were 2n = 16, 18, 34, 36, 50, 52, 54, and therefore their basic chromosome numbers were x = 8, 9, 10, 13, 17. The chromosome number of A. japonica var. angustissima is being reported for the first time in this study. The chromosome numbers of 13 taxa were the same as in previous reports; A. capillaris (2n = 18), A. japonica var. hallaisanensis (2n = 36), A. japonica subsp. littoricola (2n = 36), A. annua (2n = 18), A. carvifolia (2n = 18), A. fukudo (2n = 16), A. keiskeana (2n = 18), A. stolonifera (2n = 36), A. sylvatica(2n = 16), A. selengensis (2n = 36), A. montana (2n = 52), A. lancea (2n = 16), A. sieversiana (2n = 18); however, the chromosome numbers of 6 taxa were different; A. japonica var. japonica (2n = 18, 36 vs 2n = 36), A. sacrorum (2n = 18, 54 vs 2n = 54), A. rubripes (2n = 16, 34 vs 2n = 16), A. indica (2n = 34, 36 vs 2n = 34), A. codonocephala (2n = 18, 50, 54 vs 2n = 50), A. argyi (2n = 34, 36, 50 vs 2n =34). The somatic chromosome numbers of Korean Artemisia are thought to be good characteristics for classifying some taxa such as A. japonica var. japonica, A. sacrorum, A. codonocephala, A. argyi, A. montana, A. sylvatica.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.317-325
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• 2008

Recently there are difficulties in management of golf courses because of an ever increasing demand for golf as a leisure sports. Hence natural minerals as an amendment could be applied to improve and manage the physicochemical properties of the golf course soils in an environment-friendly way. In this study, quartz porphyry, which has been shown to be a good soil amendment for crop production, was tested for its effect on physicochemical properties of the golf course soil, growth of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) and changes of soil microbial communities in the soil. In general, amendment of 20% quartz porphyry into the soil turned out to be most effective in enhancing a proper growth of the grass leaves and roots. DGGE profile data showed that eubacterial species richness was also the highest at this level of the mineral treatment in which Actinobacteria and ${\alpha}$-Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla. This appeared to be attributed to a low level of soluble organic matter content and decreased concentration of cations such as $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, and $K^+$.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.1037-1045
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• 2021

The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide, and since obesity is associated with dietary factors and sedentary lifestyles, it is a disease that is readily developing in the modern population. Because obesity is accompanied by serious complications such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, prevention and treatment are important. Currently, drugs such as liraglutide and phentermine are used to treat obesity by suppressing appetite and inducing gastrointestinal motility delay. However, various side effects may occur, including thyroid cancer, cardiovascular problems, and central nervous system disorders. Therefore, to explore an obesity treatment method with relatively few side effects, a method known as "fat browning" was introduced to change white adipose tissue into brown adipose tissue to increase energy consumption. Ongoing studies are attempting to find effective natural substances to safely induce browning. Many natural substances have been identified. The induction of browning by treatment with natural substances generally involves three mechanisms: positive control of browning-inducing factors, inhibition of differentiation into white adipose tissue, and the activation of mechanisms related to browning. In this study, we describe plant extracts with known browning-inducing effects, such as strawberry, black raspberry, cinnamomum cassia, and Ecklonia stolonifera extracts. We also summarize the underlying mechanisms of action identified thus far, including the signaling pathway mediated by these extracts to induce browning. Furthermore, the effects of brown adipose tissue generated through browning on heart disease as an endocrine organ disruptor are discussed.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.28-31
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• 2014

Loss of chlorophyll is the visible symptom of leaf senescence and staygreen refers to the delayed leaf senescence in plants. The staygreen gene (SGR) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) has been identified as its mutation maintains greenness during leaf senescence, and encodes a chloroplast protein required for the initiation of chlorophyll breakdown in plants. In this study, we isolated a rice SGR-homologous gene in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.), and transgenic creeping bentgrass plants were obtained by introducing pCAMBIA3301 vector harboring antisense SGR gene under control of the senescence-specific SAG12 promoter. Transgenic plants were selected by herbicide resistance assays and genomic integration of the transgenes was confirmed by PCR analysis. Subsequent analyses demonstrated the staygreen phenotype of the transgenic creeping bentgrass plants with decreased chlorophyll loss during leaf senescence. These results suggest that the antisense SGR expression in creeping bentgrass delays leaf senescence, which provides a way to develop genetically engineered turfgrass varieties with the commercially useful staygreen trait.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1293-1296
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• 2005

Nitrite plays an important role in the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamine. In order to effectively inhibit the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamine in food and biological systems, scavenging of residual nitrite is necessary. In screening test of nitrite-scavenging effect of seaweed, The methanol extract from Phaeophyta was more effective than those from Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta. Among the brown algae family, Laminariaceae, A. cribrosum (90.4$\%$) and E. cava (80.1$\%$), E. stolonifera (79.0$\%$) that belong to genus Ecklonia showed marked nitrite-scavenging effect at pH 1.2. Furthermore, these algae showed potent reducing power and radical scavenging activity. The nitrite-scavenging effect was correlated with level of reducing power.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.299-303
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• 1993

The antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of plants and marine algae was tested by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH). Five plant extracts(Prunus davidiana, Eriobotrya japonica, Artemisia iwayomogi, Stirodella tolyrrhiza and Ulmus davidiana) and two algae (Ecklonia stolonifera and Symphycoladia latiuscula) were found to be the most effective in DPPH radical scavenging activity. The methanol extract obtained from the stems of Prunus davidiana was fractionated with several solvents. The ethylacetate soluble fraction exhibiting the strongest antioxidant activity was further purified by repeated silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Antioxidant flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides were isolated and the most active ones was identified as (+)-catechin by MS, $^1H-NMR$ and $^{13}C-NMR$. Its antioxidant activity was higher than that oil vitamin C.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.24-32
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• 2003

This study was carried out to select proper species for early stage replantation of forest road cut-slope. From one to fourteen year elapsed forest roads in Gangwon-do, sample plots were selected, and their vegetations and environmental factors were investigated. Invaded species with high frequency ordered Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, Lysimachia clethroides, Rubus crataegifolius, Patrinia villosa, Spodiopogon sibiricus, Pueraria thunbergiana, Youngia denticulata, Dactylis glomerata, Rhus chinensis, and Pinus densiflora. North cut-slope have the highest value of invaded species number and plant coverage, and so, north aspect could be best for plant invasion. According to ordination, distribution of species were influenced by elapsed year, cut-slope aspect, and cut-slope. Lespedeza bicolor, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, Artemisia stolonifera, Miscanthus sinensis, Rubus crataegifolius, Rhus chinensis, Lindera obtusiloba, and Pinus densiflora were considered with proper species for replantation at south slope. Also, Lespedeza bicolor, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, Arundinella hirta, Artemisia keiskeana, Astilbe chinensis var. davidii, Rubus crataegifolius, Weigela subsessilis, Stephanandra incisa, and Rhododendron mucronulatum were considered with proper species as replantation at north slope.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.174-175
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• 2001

미나리 묘를 대량으로 생산하는데 있어서 체세포배를 이용하는 방법이 매우 유리하다. 체세포배는 계절에 영향을 받지 않고 좁은 공간에서 한꺼번에 많은 량의 묘를 생산할 수 있다. 또한 생물반응기 등을 이용하여 대량 생산할 수 있으면 실생묘를 대체할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 배양기 내의 공기 환경의 영향은 삼각플라스크를 이용한 소규모 배양에서는 문제가 되지 않았지만 배양기가 커짐에 따라 공기 환경의 변화도 커져 체세포배의 발생과 발아에 영향을 미친다. 체세포배를 배양하는 기간은 배발생과 발아로 나누어, 세포에서 배가 발생하는 처음 2주 동안에는 밀폐 환경, 즉 환기가 거의 되지 않는 환경이 유리하지만 이후의 발아 동안에는 산소를 많이 요구한다. 삼각플라스크를 이용한 소규모 배양에서는 aluminum foil을 플라스크의 뚜껑으로 하여, 배지를 교체할 때를 제외하고는 배발생과 발아가 진행되는 전 배양 기간 동안 이를 유지한다. 배가 발생하는 초기 2주의 경우는 이 밀폐 환경이 발아를 촉진시킨다. 그러나 배가 발아하여 정상 식물체로 발달하는데는 유리하지 않다. 체세포배는 발아할 때 산소를 많이 필요로 하며 에틸렌이 많이 축적되면 발아율이 낮아지며, 적절한 공기 환경이 주어지면 체세포배 발아가 동조화되어 균일한 묘를 얻을 수 있고 수확시기도 예측할 수 있다. 본 실험에서는 배가 발아하는 기간 동안 플라스크 내의 공기 환경을 다르게 하기 위해 플라스크를 막는 뚜껑의 소재를 달리하여 배양한 후 발아율을 측정하였다. 또한 가장 효율적인 환기량을 구명하기 위하여 인위적으로 플라스크에 공기를 넣어 강제 환기시키는 실험을 수행하였다. 미나리 cell은 처음 8일까지는 생장을 하지 않다가 이후 급속히 생장을 시작하여 35일 정도까지는 생장을 하다가 다시 생장이 둔화되었다. 밀폐시킨 삼각플라스크에서 자라는 Cell은 상태도 좋지 않고 전반적인 증식량도 적었다. Cell은 환기정도에 민감한 것으로 판단되며 삼각플라스크에서 약 35일 정도의 생장 주기를 가지는 것으로 사료된다. 배양 3주까지는 플라스틱 뚜껑으로 밀폐시킨 bottle에서 가장 많은 체세포배를 얻었다. Air filter를 달아 2일 마다 신선한 공기를 넣어 주었을 때는 배의 발달이 많이 늦어져 배양 3주째에 다른 처리보다 배의 수가 훨씬 적었다. 체세포배가 발달하는 동안에는 산소를 많이 요구하지 않으나 성숙하는 동안에는 산소를 많이 요구하는 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.19-24
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• 2001

14 kinds of perennial flower sods, including 10 Korean native wild perennial flowers such as Lychnis cognata, Achillea sibirica, Sedum spectabile, Sedum takesimense etc. were made with basal sheets of nonwoven fabric or jute fabric. Growth of plants planted on bark was better than that of planted on soil of open area. The plants planted on bark also showed difference in growth rate by the kinds of used basal sheets. In general, the growth of plants was good when nonwoven fabric was used as basal sheet instead of jute fabric. When jute fabric was used as basal sheet, It was severely decayed during growth period resulting in great decreasing of root sticking capacity to basal sheet. It was shown that the procumbent plants such as Tymus quinquecostatus, Ixeris stolonifera, Sedum oryzifolium, Sedum polystichoides having lower plant height and better ground coverage ability compared with upright plants such as Sedum spectabile and Aster glehni were more suitable for floral sod production.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.213-217
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• 2008

Oxidative stress is considered to play an important role in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders of central nervous system. The immortalized mouse hippocampal cell line, HT22, phenotypically resembles neuronal precursor cells but lacks functional ionotropic glutamate receptors, thus excluding excitotoxicity as a cause for glutamate triggered cell death. Therefore, HT22 cells are a useful model for studying oxidative glutamate toxicity. In this study, we examined whether the methanol extracts of some native plants at Mt. Baekdu could protect HT22-immortalized hippocampal cells against glutamate-induced oxidative stress. Seventy-eight plants sources were collected at Mt. Baekdu, and extracted with methanol. These extracts had been screened the protective effects against glutamate-induced oxidative damage in HT22 cells at the 100 and 300 ${\mu}g/ml$. Of these, thirteen methanolic extracts, Acer mono (leaf), Artemisia stolonifera (aerial part), Carduus crispus (aerial part), Carex mongolica (whole plant), Clematis hexapetala (whole plant), Galeopsis bifida (aerial part), Galium verum (whole plant), Ganoderma lucidum (whole plant), Ixeris chinensis (whole plant), Malva verticillata (aerial part), Polygonum senticosum (whole plant), Rebes mandshricum (branch), and Taraxacum mongolicum (aerial part), showed significant protective effects against glutamate-induced oxidative damage in HT22 cells.