• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제17권3_4호
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• pp.593-609
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• 2004

Peak response is a more suitable index than mean response in the light of structural safety. In this study, a controller optimization method is proposed to restrict peak responses of building structures subject to earthquake excitations, which are modeled as partially stationary stochastic process. The constraints are given with specified failure probabilities of peak responses. LQR is chosen to assure stability in numerical process of optimization. Optimization problem is formulated with weightings on controlled outputs as design variables and gradients of objective and constraint functions are derived. Full state feedback controllers designed by the proposed method satisfy various design objectives and output feedback controllers using LQG also yield similar results without significant performance deterioration.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 지반 구조물의 재료 물성치에 대한 추계장 세트를 이용하여 재료 물성치의 공간적 임의성 및 확률 특성을 역추정한다. 이러한 추정된 재료 물성치의 확률분포 및 확률특성을 이용하여 구조 형상에 대한 위상 최적화를 수행하고, 기존의 결정론적 위상 최적화 결과와 비교한다. 재료 물성치에 대한 한 세트의 추계장들을 생성하고, 각 추계장에서 재료 물성치의 공간적 임의성을 모사한다. 각 추계장에서 재료 물성치의 부분값들을 이용하여 실제 재료 물성치의 확률분포와 확률 특성을 추정한다. 추정된 실제 재료 물성치의 확률특성을 추계장 세트의 확률 특성과 비교한다. 또한, 임의성을 가진 재료탄성계수를 가지는 지반구조물의 최적화 응답변화도와 임의성이 없는 재료탄성계수를 가지는 지반구조의 응답변화도를 비교한다. 따라서, 실제 재료 물성치의 공간적 임의성을 고려한 정량화된 확률론적 위상 최적화 결과를 얻을 수 있다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.525-537
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• 2014

The typical design of ground improvement with prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) and surcharge preloading involves a series of deterministic analyses using averaged or mean soil properties for the various combination of the PVD spacing and surcharge preloading height that would meet the criteria for minimum consolidation time and required degree of consolidation. The optimum design combination is then selected in which the total cost of ground improvement is a minimum. Considering the variability and uncertainties of the soil consolidation parameters, as well as considering the effects of soil disturbance (smear zone) and drain resistance in the analysis, this study presents a stochastic cost optimization of ground improvement with PVD and surcharge preloading. Direct Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and importance sampling (IS) technique is used in the stochastic analysis by limiting the sampled random soil parameters within the range from a minimum to maximum value while considering their statistical distribution. The method has been verified in a case study of PVD improved ground with preloading, in which average results of the stochastic analysis showed a good agreement with field monitoring data.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.98-106
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 신경망의 학습성능을 개선하기 위해 확룰적 근사법과 공액기울기법에 기초를 둔 새로운 학습방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 방법에서는 확률적 근사법과 공액기울기법을 조합 사용한 전역 최적화 기법의 역전파 알고리즘을 적용함으로써 학습성능을 최대한 개선할 수 있도록 하였다. 확률적 근사법은 국소최소점을 벗어나 전역최적점에 치우친 근사점을 결정해 주는 기능을 하도록 하며, 이점을 초기값으로 하여 결정론적 기법의 공액기울기법을 적용함으로써 빠른 수렴속도로 전역최적점으로의 수렴확률을 놓였다. 제안된 방법을 패리티 검사와 패턴 분류에 각각 적용하여 그 타당성과 성능을 확인한 결과 제안된 방법은 초기값을 무작위로 설정하는 기울기하강법에 기초를 둔 기존의 역전파 알고리즘이나 확률적 근사법과 기울기하강법에 기초를 둔 역전파 알고리즘에 비해 최적해로의 수렴 확률과 그 수렴속도가 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.602-614
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• 2016

It is necessary to develop an efficient optimization technique to perform optimum designs which have given design spaces, discrete design values and several design goals. As optimization techniques, direct search method and stochastic search method are widely used in designing of ship structures. The merit of the direct search method is to search the optimum points rapidly by considering the search direction, step size and convergence limit. And the merit of the stochastic search method is to obtain the global optimum points well by spreading points randomly entire the design spaces. In this paper, Pareto Strategy (PS) multi-objective function method is developed by considering the search direction based on Pareto optimal points, the step size, the convergence limit and the random number generation. The success points between just before and current Pareto optimal points are considered. PS method can also apply to the single objective function problems, and can consider the discrete design variables such as plate thickness, longitudinal space, web height and web space. The optimum design results are compared with existing Random Search (RS) multi-objective function method and Evolutionary Strategy (ES) multi-objective function method by performing the optimum designs of double bottom structure and double hull tanker which have discrete design values. Its superiority and effectiveness are shown by comparing the optimum results with those of RS method and ES method.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.80-89
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• 2014

A stochastic optimal power flow (S-OPF) model considering uncertainties of load and wind power is developed based on chance constrained programming (CCP). The difficulties in solving the model are the nonlinearity and probabilistic constraints. In this paper, a limit relaxation approach and an iterative learning control (ILC) method are implemented to solve the S-OPF model indirectly. The limit relaxation approach narrows the solution space by introducing regulatory factors, according to the relationship between the constraint equations and the optimization variables. The regulatory factors are designed by ILC method to ensure the optimality of final solution under a predefined confidence level. The optimization algorithm for S-OPF is completed based on the combination of limit relaxation and ILC and tested on the IEEE 14-bus system.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.441-455
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• 2006

A more applicable optimization model for extracting flutter derivatives of bridge decks is presented, which is suitable for time-varying weights for fitting errors and different lengths of vertical bending and torsional free vibration data. A stochastic search technique for searching the optimal solution of optimization problem is developed, which is more convenient in understanding and programming than the alternate iteration technique, and testified to be a valid and efficient method using two numerical examples. On the basis of the section model test of Sutong Bridge deck, the flutter derivatives are extracted by the stochastic search technique, and compared with the identification results using the modified least-square method. The Empirical Mode Decomposition method is employed to eliminate noise, trends and zero excursion of the collected free vibration data of vertical bending and torsional motion, by which the identification precision of flutter derivatives is improved.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.959-982
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• 2015

In this study, a non-stationary random earthquake Clough-Penzien model is used to describe earthquake ground motion. Using stochastic direct integration in combination with an equivalent linear method, a solution is established to describe the non-stationary response of lead-rubber bearing (LRB) system to a stochastic earthquake. Two parameters are used to develop an optimization method for bearing design: the post-yielding stiffness and the normalized yield strength of the isolation bearing. Using the minimization of the maximum energy response level of the upper structure subjected to an earthquake as an objective function, and with the constraints that the bearing failure probability is no more than 5% and the second shape factor of the bearing is less than 5, a calculation method for the two optimal design parameters is presented. In this optimization process, the radial basis function (RBF) response surface was applied, instead of the implicit objective function and constraints, and a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm was used to solve the optimization problems. By considering the uncertainties of the structural parameters and seismic ground motion input parameters for the optimization of the bearing design, convex set models (such as the interval model and ellipsoidal model) are used to describe the uncertainty parameters. Subsequently, the optimal bearing design parameters were expanded at their median values into first-order Taylor series expansions, and then, the Lagrange multipliers method was used to determine the upper and lower boundaries of the parameters. Moreover, using a calculation example, the impacts of site soil parameters, such as input peak ground acceleration, bearing diameter and rubber shore hardness on the optimization parameters, are investigated.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2005

It is necessary to develop an efficient optimization technique to optimize the engineering structures which have given design spaces, discrete design values and several design goals. As optimization techniques, direct search method and stochastic search method are widely used in designing of engineering structures. The merit of the direct search method is to search the optimum points rapidly by considering the search direction, step size and convergence limit. And the merit of the stochastic search method is to obtain the global optimum points by spreading point randomly entire the design spaces. In this paper, a Pareto optimal based multi-objective function method (PMOFM) is developed by considering the search direction based on Pareto optimal points, step size, convergence limit and random search generation . The PMOFM can also apply to the single objective function problems, and can consider the discrete design variables such as discrete plate thickness and discrete stiffener spaces. The design results are compared with existing Evolutionary Strategies (ES) method by performing the design of double bottom structures which have discrete plate thickness and discrete stiffener spaces.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1998년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.245-253
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• 1998

Recently, the importance of multi-objective optimization techniques and stochastic search methods is increasing. The stochastic search methods have the concepts of the survival of the fittest and natural selection such as genetic algorithms(GA), simulated annealing(SA) and evolution strategies (ES). As many accidents of oil tankers cause marine pollution, oil tankers of double hull or mid deck structure are being built to minimize the marine pollution. For the improvement of oil tanker design technique, an efficient optimization technique is proposed in this study. Multi-objective optimization problem of weight and cost of double hull and mid deck tanker is formulated. Discrete design variables are used considering real manufacturing, and the concept of relative production cost is also introduced. The ES method is used as an optimization technique, and the ES algorithm was developed to generate a more efficient Pareto optimal set.