• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.753-756
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• 2013

The demand for sailing yacht is increasing in consonance the improvement of people's live. These yachts can be dually propelled by wind and by diesel engine power. A singing (humming, whistling) phenomenon induced on the propeller was discovered on a 55-foot catamaran sailing yacht. As a result, an increase in the structural vibration of the stern tube room and propulsion system with abnormal noise was detected due to this flow. In this study, the cause of the phenomenon is investigated and its possible countermeasures proposed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.358-362
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• 1996

The ionic strength dependent binding mode of 9-aminoacridine (9AA), a well-known DNA intercalator, to DNA is studied by flow linear dichroism, circular dichroism, fluorescence techniques and equilibrium dialysis. The DNA-bound 9AA exhibits spectral properties corresponding to the intercalative binding mode disregarding the salt concentrations; the angle between the long-axis transition moment of the 9AA molecule and DNA helix axis is calculated to be about 65°, indicating a significant deviation from the classical intercalation. At low salt concentrations, however, upwards bending curve in Stern-Volmer plot is observed (where 9AA is a fluorophore and DNA a quencher), indicating the coexistence of both static and dynamic quenching mechanisms or the existence of an additional binding site.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.92-98
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• 2018

This paper is a study on the generation mechanism of propeller singing based on the cavitation tunnel test, underwater impact test, finite element analysis and computational flow analysis for the model propeller. A wire screen mesh, a propeller and a rudder were installed to simulate ship stern flow, and occurrence and disappearance of propeller singing phenomenon were measured by hydrophone and accelerometer. The natural frequencies of propeller blades were predicted through finite element analysis and verified by contact and non-contact impact tests. The flow velocity and effective angle of attack for each section of the propeller blades were calculated using RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes) equation-based computational fluid analysis. Using the high resolution analysis based on detached eddy simulation, the vortex shedding frequency calculation was performed. The numerical predicted vortex shedding frequency was confirmed to be consistent with the singing frequency and blade natural frequency measured by the model test.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.95-105
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• 2014

The CUPID code has been developed for a transient, three-dimensional, two-phase flow analysis at a component scale. It has been validated against a wide range of two-phase flow experiments. Especially, to assess its applicability to single- and two-phase flow analyses in the Calandria vessel of a CANDU nuclear reactor, it was validated using the experimental data of the 1/4-scaled facility of a Calandria vessel at the STERN laboratory. In this study, a preliminary thermal-hydraulic analysis of the CANDU reactor moderator tank using the CUPID code is carried out, which is based on the results of the previous studies. The complicated internal structure of the Calandria vessel and the inlet nozzle was modeled in a simplified manner by using a porous media approach. One of the most important factors in the analysis was found to be the modeling of the tank inlet nozzle. A calculation with a simple inlet nozzle modeling resulted in thermal stratification by buoyance, leading to a boiling from the top of the Calandria tank. This is not realistic at all and may occur due to the lack of inlet flow momentum. To improve this, a new nozzle modeling was used, which can preserve both mass flow and momentum flow at the inlet nozzle. This resulted in a realistic temperature distribution in the tank. In conclusion, it was shown that the CUPID code is applicable to thermal-hydraulic analysis of the CANDU reactor moderator tank using the cost-effective porous media approach and that the inlet nozzle modeling is very important for the flow analysis in the tank.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2001

In regulation of IGC code 12.1 mechanical ventilation should be arranged to ensure sufficient air movement through the space to avoid the accumulation of flammable or toxic vapours and ensure a safe working environment, but in no case should the ventilation system have a capacity of less than 30 changes of air per hour baed upon the total volume of the space. In this study, a scaled mode chamber was constructed to investigate the ventilation characteristics and stagnation area in the hood room of LNG carrier and pump room in tanker. An experimental study was performed on the model by using visualization equipment with a laser apparatus and an image intensifier CCD camera. Twelve different kinds of measuring areas were selected as the experimental condition. Instant simultaneous velocity vectors in the whole fields were measured by a 2-D PIV system A three-dimensional numerical simulation was also carried out for three different Reynolds numbers. Then the CFD predictions were discussed with the experimental results. The results show the spiral L-shape flow that moves from the opening on the left wall diagonally to the upper right part dominates the ventilation structure. The stationary area of hood room in the velcoity distributions was located in the upper left stern part.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.533-555
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• 1995

Direct-fed microbials (DFM) have been used to enhance milk production in lactating cattle and to increase feed efficiency and body weight gain in growing ruminants. Primary microorganisms that have been used as DFM for ruminants are fungal cultures including Aspergillus oryzae and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus or Streptococcus. Attempts have been made to determine the basic mechanisms describing beneficial effects of DFM supplements. Various modes of action for DFM have been suggested including : stimulation of ruminal microbial growth, stabilization of ruminal pH, changes in ruminal microbial fermentation pattern, increases in digestibility of nutrients ingested, greater nutrient flow to the small intestine, greater nutrient retention and alleviation of stress, however, these responses have not been observed consistently. Variations in microbial supplements, dosage level, production level and age of the animal, diet and environmental condition or various combinations of the above may partially explain the inconsistencies in response. This review summarizes production responses that have been observed under various conditions with supplemental DFM and also corresponding modification of ruminal fermentation and other changes in the gastrointestinal tract of ruminant animals.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2000

A number of numerical methods like Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) have been developed to predict the flow fields of a vessel but the present study is developed to infer the wake fields on propeller plane by Statistical Fluid Dynamics(SFD) approach which is emerging as a new technique over a wide range of industrial fields nowadays. Neural network is well known as one prospective representative of the SFD tool and is widely applied even in the engineering fields. Further to its stable and effective system structure, generalization of input training patterns into different classification or categorization in training can offer more systematic treatments of input part and more reliable result. Because neural network has an ability to learn the knowledge through the external information, it is not necessary to use logical programming and it can flexibly handle the incomplete information which is not easy to make a definition clear. Three dimensional stern hull forms and nominal wake values from a model test are structured as processing elements of input and output layer respectively and a neural network is trained by the back-propagation method. The inferred results show similar figures to the experimental wake distribution.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.431-437
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• 2018

The running attitude of a planing hull is determined by the pressure distribution on the hull bottom, and it significantly affects hydrodynamic performance of the ship, i.e., resistance, maneuverability, and seakeeping ability. Therefore, it is essential to investigate pressure distribution on the hull bottom in order to improve hull design. In the present study, a novel pressure measurement system using tactile sensors was introduced for a planing hull. The test model was a 23 m-class planing hull with a hard chine. The pressure measurement showed that the pressure at the transom was lower than the atmospheric pressure, owing to flow separation at the transom.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.763-769
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• 2010

Thanks to the rapid advancement of computational power and development of numerical methods, Computational fluid dynamics techniques are being used widely for the prediction of ship resistance performance. In the present study, an automatic tool was developed to facilitate hull form modification, consequent mesh generation, and flow analysis for parametric study. It is a tedious job to go back and forth between geometry modification and mesh generation for every hull form variation. With the developed tool, users can make multiple hull form variation and their hull form performance prediction easily in a few simple steps. The verification of the developed tool was done by applying it to resistance performance parametric study of a generic POD propulsion cruise ship with different lengths of bow and stern. It is believed that the tool can be extended to more sophisticated hull form variation and help optimize the ship performance more efficiently.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.109-123
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• 2008

The present paper presents the CFD result for a beam wave test case. An ONR tumblehome ship model with bilge keels is used. The beam wave test is for zero forward speed and roll and heave 2DOF with wave slope $a_k=0.156$ and wavelength ${\lambda}=1.12L_{PP}$, with $L_{PP}$ the ship length. The problems is solved numerically with an unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes approach. The free surface flow is computed using a single-phase level-set method and the motions in each time step are integrated using a predictor-corrector iteration approach which uses dynamic overset grids moving with relative ship motion. The predicted CFD results for motions and forces are compared with experimental data, showing a reasonable agreement.