• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.541-548
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• 2014

The pickling brine generated from the salting process of kimchi production is difficult to treat biologically due to very high content of salt. When pickling brine is treated and discharged, it cannot satisfy the criteria for effluent water quality in clean areas, while resources such as the salt to be recycled and the industrial water are wasted. However, sterilization by ozone, UV and photocatalyst is expensive installation costs and operating costs when considering the small kimchi manufacturers. Therefore there is a need to develop economical process. The study was conducted on the sterilization efficiency of the pickling brine using electrochemical processing. The electrochemical treatment of organic matters has advantages over conventional methods such as active carbon absorption process, chemical oxidation, and biological treatment because the response speed is faster and it does not require expensive, harmful oxidizing agents. This study were performed to examine the possibility of electrochemical treatment for the efficient processing of pickling brine and evaluated the performance of residual chlorine for the microbial sterilization.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.105-110
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a new sterilization plasma device that would be proficient at sterilizing and removing pathogenic bacteria and viruses, and applicable to air purification systems. Methods: In order to understand the performance characteristics, the discharge characteristics of a packed bed DBD reactor and the ozone reduction characteristics of an ozone filter installed at the outlet of the reactor were investigated. Results: The novel packed-bed DBD reactor was proposed, and it was confirmed that the plasma discharge was uniformly and stably discharged throughout the entire layer, and sufficient ozone was generated for sterilization. The ozone filter was tested for three methods: adsorption, adsorption-decomposition, and catalytic decomposition. When the filter thickness was 30 mm, the ozone concentrations were 0.03 ppm, 0.01 ppm, and 0.21 ppm, respectively. The adsorption and adsorption-decomposition methods satisfied the EPA standard of less than 0.05ppm, but the catalytic decomposition method did not. Conclusions: It was confirmed that the adsorption-decomposition method has relatively excellent ozone filter performance and can provide the best ozone filter.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.291-298
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of multizone simulation that enables to grasp of details about microbial contaminant problem in an multistoried apartment. We used actual indoor test data to figure up microbial contaminant level as initial value for the multizone simulation and estimated the various effects of indoor occupant infected with germs such as bacteria and fungus and the performance of air sterilization by using multizone simulation in substitute for infeasible experimental approach. The results show that natural ventilation make ourselves generally useful for removing indoor microbial contaminants. The results also show that the performance of air sterilization reach the maximum in the case of using mechanical ventilation and UVGI air sterilizer. The conclusion is that this multizone simulation is useful tool for actual design method for immune building systems.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate nursing students' exposure experience to infectious diseases and their knowledge and performance for the nosocomial infection control. Method: The data was obtained from 292 nursing students having clinical experience at two university hospitals in Seoul from November 2005 to February 2006. Specific questionnaire was constructed and used for this study. The obtained data was analyzed by using the SPSS window program. Result: The results were as follow : 1. Among the evaluation scores of knowledge for the nosocomial infection control, the score of sterilization and the score of the intravenous therapy management were low(.14). 2. Among the evaluation scores of performance for the nosocomial infection control, the score of hand washing is low(1.63). 3. 86.3 percent of the nursing students had exposure experience to infectious disease. Many of them did not use the protective equipments in clinical experience nor took any treatment after the exposure to infectious diseases. Conclusion: Based on these results, we suggest that the programs for the nosocomial infection control should be developed for nursing students. It is also suggested that nursing students should be educated before their clinical experience to keep protected from the infection. In particular, the hand washing, sterilization and intravenous therapy management should be emphasized in the educational programs.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.391-398
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• 2001

A robot system for clone replication and gridding, which is a preliminary state of the genome research, was developed and evaluated its performance. This gridding robot system consisted of 1) a gridding heat that replicated the clone, 2) a manipulator, as a part of body of robot, which transferred the gridding head along x-, y-, z-axis, 3) a well plate arranging board, 4) a sterilization unit, and 5) a control unit. Performance of the system was evaluated with 1) repeatability of the robot system, 2) clone replication efficiency, 3) time requirement of the replication, and 4) sterilization efficiency. The repeatability error of the robot system showed 0.219 mm and 0.094 mm in the direction of x- and y-axis, respectively. The success rate of the clone replication with the gridding head was 100% on the membrane filter. The time required for the replication was four minutes and fifty-five seconds from the four 96 well plates to a 384 well plate meanwhile the required time with well experienced hand labor was three minutes thirty-five seconds. The gridding operation of clone could not be done by hand labor and the required time with robot system for the gridding on the membrance filter with the control program 5$\times$5: 1 copy and 384 gridding pins was twenty minutes and twenty-five seconds. The efficiency of the sterilization was considered to be satisfactory since no growth of fungi was found around the area of replication in the membrane filter.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1998 no.11
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• pp.90-91
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• 1998

The influence of gamma-irradiation sterilization on the creep and wear performance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was investigated by conducting the dynamic compressive creep tests and pin-on-disc sliding wear tests. The changes of microstructure property, relative crystallinity, oxidation index, percent crosslinking, were also measured and the relationship between these and creep and wear results was discussed.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.449-456
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• 2003

A robot system was developed to pick desired colony. This robot system consisted of an image acquisition process which acquires the image information of colony, an illumination device which irradiates the object once when it gets the image of it, a picking head, a replicating head, a bed for fixing well-plates, and a sterilization device of sterilizing pin stained with colony. Picking pins were washed in an ultrasonic wave washing for takes ten seconds. Picking pins were dipped for sterilizing in alcohol for ten seconds. The time for resterilizing picking pins in a heater was five seconds. This performance test resulted 100% success rate for both the colony picking and the colony replication process. Considering the procedure in which 8 pins were smeared by colony, picked on a well plate, and sterilized as one cycle, the system could carry out one cycle in 110 seconds. It took about 138 minutes to pick around 600 colonies.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2013

Bio Clean Room(BCR) and pharmaceutical product manufacturing facilities require careful assessment of many factors, including HVAC, controls, room finishes, process equipment, room operations, and utilities. Flow of equipment, personnel, and product must also be considered along with system flexibility, redundancy, and maintenance shutdown strategies. It is important to involve designers, operators, commissioning staff, quality control, maintenance, constructors, validation personnel, and the production representative during the conceptual stage of design. Critical variables for room environment and types of controls vary greatly with the clean space's intended purpose. It is particularly important to determine critical parameters with quality assurance to set limits and safety factors for temperature, humidity, room pressure, and other control requirements. In this paper, oxygen cluster ion equipment was utilized in order to enhance the indoor air quality and to prevent the airborne infection of ward in hospital. Moreover, the performance test of the equipment was also performed in order to develop the optimal sterilization system of BCR using the equipment.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.45-49
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• 2008

We studied the feasibility of monitoring and controlling the manufacturing process of an infant formula with rice starch by testing in-process samples using rheology. We used DSC to first determine the gelatinization temperature of the rice starch, a key ingredient of this product. With this characteristic temperature and the process design known, rheological measurements were conducted on the in-process samples for detecting the presence and extent of gelatinization and retrogradation of rice starch; in-process samples were collected from the carbohydrate tank, after the homogenizer, and the finished product tank. The correlation between the rheological measurements on these samples and manufacturing performance proved that rheology is a very sensitive tool for monitoring the structural development of this infant formula during main process, and their influence on sterilization efficiency. We observed that the lower degree of gelatinization during main process, a shorter residence time in the finished product tank, and using caustic flush rather than clean-in-place additively lead to higher sterilization efficiency. These findings can be utilized for a rational design and analysis of the manufacturing process for infant formulas containing rice starch.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.389-398
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• 2000

The work of visiting nursing personnel consists mostly of direct nursing and it is absolutely necessary that training of the nursing personnel for infection control be emphasized because most of patients are composed of elderly people with chronic diseases and malnutrition who are highly susceptible to infection. Accordingly. this study was designed to provide basic data for the development of an infection control program in public health centers as well as the promotion of perception and performance of infection control by analysing the perception of importance and performance in the infection control of visiting nursing personnel who carry out visiting nursing services. The subjects of this study consisted of a number of visiting nursing personnel working for 15 public health centers. 15 health-center branches. and 16 health clinics. The collection of data was grounded on a questionnaire method. The questionnaire breaks down to 8 questions about general characteristics and 108 questions in connection with the perception and performance of infection control. The results of this study are as follows: 1. 82 subjects (78.1%) responded that it is necessary to control infection. 79 subjects(75.3%) responded that education is necessary for infection control. 50 respondents (47.6%) answered in the affirmative in regard to the role of infection carriers. 2. The mean score for the perception of importance in infection control was 4.55 and that performance accounts for 4.03. this turns out to be very high. 3. In terms of the perception of importance per each field of infection control. medication. the management of contamination and sterilization, the control of environments and instruments. washing hands and individual hygiene as well as the prevention of cross-infection and the supervision of infection stand at 4.72. 4.64. 4.60. 4.58. 4.52 and 4.21 respectively. In terms of performance. the supervision of infection. the control of environments and instruments, individual hygiene and the prevention of cross infection. medication. washing hands, and the management of contamination and sterilization was 4.21. 4.12. 4.10. 4.03. 3.91 and 3.81 respectively. 4. In terms of the correlation between the perception of importance and the performance of infection control. the score stands high in all fields: this means the high perception of importance leads to high performance statistically (P< .05). 5. In terms of the perception of importance in general characteristics. there is no significant difference while the form of working places. working career and the career as visiting nursing personnel show a significant difference in terms of performance(P< .05). From the results. it is suggested that the visiting nursing personnel should be constantly educated with the aid of the development of infection control programs and that instructions and instruments for the management of infection should be worked out so as to enhance the performance of infection control on the part of nurses in applicable communities.