• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.305-308
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• 1997

The on-line calculation method is developed to obtain the temperature trajectory that brings the reactants to the desired state in batch styrene polymerization reactor. The temperature trajectory is obtained by applying the moments of the polymer concentration to the 2-step calculation method. The computer simulation is also carried out to verify the superiority of the on-line method to the off-line one. When a temperature disturbance of constant size is introduced, the off-line results shows considerable deviation from the target degree of polymerization. The on-line strategy set up a new trajectory to reach the desired state by using the current state of the reactor. Therefore, the on-line strategy deals with the changes of the system more adequately than the off-line strategy.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.101-125
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• 2003

This thesis presents a step-by-step development strategy to implement electronic school libraries corresponding to level 2 among 3 levels of the school library. The implementation of electronic school libraries means the transformation of school libraries into school media centers. This thesis divides the implementation of electronic school libraries into 3 steps. The first step is the implementation of facilities, the second step the implementation of web-based information system, the third step the networking of school libraries, on the basis of the first and second steps. And this thesis presents the basic policy of educational administration aspects to support 3 steps.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.249-263
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• 2012

Recently the open innovation is considered as one of the important issues for the survival strategy of a company in the industry. There have been several researches and practices on this topic. However, previous researches are mainly focused on the study of successful cases and some statistical analyses on the relationship between the open innovation and its performance. There are rare researches on the hindrance factors in the practical level. This paper tries to find some hinderance factors for the open innovation in Korean large-scale companies based on the WFGM(Want-Find-Get-Manage) model proposed by Gene Slowinski(2006). Especially this research focused on each processes of open innovation by in-depth interviews for two representative large companies in Korea. From the result of this research we come to know that the critical hindrance factor in the WANT step is the uncertain definition of the necessary technologies for the company. Issues on establishing and maintaining the innovation network are in the FIND step. Technology evaluation, technology introduction channel and technology copying issues are in the GET step. Communication issues, technology feasibility and lack of competition are in the MANAGE step. This paper finds some hindrance factors in each process step of open innovation, which gives some implications for the companies that want to adopt open innovation.

• ICROS
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.16-16
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• 1995

Like the usual systems, the industrial robot manipulator has some constraints for motion. Usually we hope that the manipulators move fast to accomplish the given task. The problem can be formulated as the time-optimal control problem under the constraints such as the limits of velocity, acceleration and jerk. But it is very difficult to obtain the exact solution of the time-optimal control problem. This paper solves this problem in two steps. In the first step, we find the minimum time trajectories by optimizing cubic polynomial joint trajectories under the physical constraints using the modified evolution strategy. In the second step, the controller is optimized for robot manipulator to track precisely the optimized trajectory found in the previous step. Experimental results for SCARA type manipulator show that the proposed method is very useful.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.16-20
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• 1999

Like the usual systems, the industrial robot manipulator has some constraints for motion. Usually we hope that the manipulators move fast to accomplish the given task. The problem can be formulated as the time-optimal control problem under the constraints such as the limits of velocity, acceleration and jerk. But it is very difficult to obtain the exact solution of the time-optimal control problem. This paper solves this problem in two steps. In the first step, we find the minimum time trajectories by optimizing cubic polynomial joint trajectories under the physical constraints using the modified evolution strategy. In the second step, the controller is optimized for robot manipulator to track precisely the optimized trajectory found in the previous step. Experimental results for SCARA type manipulator show that the proposed method is very useful.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.765-772
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• 2016

In analyzing residual radiation, researchers generally use a two-step Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. The first step (MC1) simulates neutron transport, and the second step (MC2) transports the decay photons emitted from the activated materials. In this process, the stochastic uncertainty estimated by the MC2 appears only as a final result, but it is underestimated because the stochastic error generated in MC1 cannot be directly included in MC2. Hence, estimating the true stochastic uncertainty requires quantifying the propagation degree of the stochastic error in MC1. The brute force technique is a straightforward method to estimate the true uncertainty. However, it is a costly method to obtain reliable results. Another method, called the adjoint-based method, can reduce the computational time needed to evaluate the true uncertainty; however, there are limitations. To address those limitations, we propose a new strategy to estimate uncertainty propagation without any additional calculations in two-step MC simulations. To verify the proposed method, we applied it to activation benchmark problems and compared the results with those of previous methods. The results show that the proposed method increases the applicability and user-friendliness preserving accuracy in quantifying uncertainty propagation. We expect that the proposed strategy will contribute to efficient and accurate two-step MC calculations.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.85-98
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• 2014

Accelerated life testing (ALT) is a well famous technique in life testing and reliability studies, this is particularly used to induce so high stress leading to failure of the highly reliable units quickly under stipulated duration of time. The step-stress ALT is one of the systematic experimental strategy of ALT applied to fail the units in steps. In this article we focus on two important issues (i) necessity of life tests at higher steps with relevant causes (ii) to develop a new optimum test plan for 3-step SSALT under the modified cumulative exposure model proposed by Khamis and Higgins (1998). It is assumed that the lifetime of test units follows Rayleigh distribution and its scale parameter at constant stress level is assumed to be a log-linear function of the stress. The maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters involved in the step-stress ALT model are obtained. A simulation study is performed for numerical investigation of the proposed new optimum plan 3-step, step-stress ALT. The necessity of the life test units at 3-step step-stress is also numerically examined in comparison to simple step-stress setup.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.424-432
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• 2020

The present study aimed to analyze the metaproteome of the microbial community comprising harmful algal bloom (HAB) in the Daechung reservoir, Korea. HAB samples located at GPS coordinates of 36°29'N latitude and 127°28'E longitude were harvested in October 2013. Microscopic observation of the HAB samples revealed red signals that were presumably caused by the autofluorescence of chlorophyll and phycocyanin in viable cyanobacteria. Metaproteomic analysis was performed by a gelbased shotgun proteomic method. Protein identification was conducted through a two-step analysis including a forward search strategy (FSS) (random search with the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Cyanobase, and Phytozome), and a subsequent reverse search strategy (RSS) (additional Cyanobase search with a decoy database). The total number of proteins identified by the two-step analysis (FSS and RSS) was 1.8-fold higher than that by one-step analysis (FSS only). A total of 194 proteins were assigned to 12 cyanobacterial species (99 mol%) and one green algae species (1 mol%). Among the species identified, the toxic microcystin-producing Microcystis aeruginosa NIES-843 (62.3%) species was the most dominant. The largest functional category was proteins belonging to the energy category (39%), followed by metabolism (15%), and translation (12%). This study will be a good reference for monitoring ecological variations at the meta-protein level of aquatic microalgae for understanding HAB.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.670-674
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• 2016

The control performance of hybrid PWM inverter using a phase current measurement is presented in this paper. The hybrid PWM technique consists of space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) and six-step voltage control operation. The SVPWM is performed to reduce the harmonic components in the low speed region, and the six-step modulation is applied to increase the maximum speed of the IPMSM in the high speed region. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a great performance in both the low speed range and high speed range. However, the six-step modulation cannot be completely implemented, since the inverter that includes the lag-shunt sensing method has an immeasurable current region. In this paper, a quasi-six-step modulation using a modified voltage vector is proposed. The validity and usefulness of the proposed PWM technique is verified by MATLAB/Simulink and experimental results.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.121-150
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• 2009

This study reconfigures meanings of photographs for appearing of visual culture paradigm. By this, a strategy model for digitization could establish which needs when photographs are digitized. A strategy model for digitization is based on essential issues when digitized. Also, applying the project life-cycle and digitization chain model, the processes are suggested as a general reference model. Broadly, Three steps, Pre-project step, Production step, Post-project step, are divided and Specifically, Four steps, (1) Establishment and management of the whole project plans (2) Selecting the target for the digitization of photographs (3) Digital Conversion and Quality Control (4) Preservation and access, are separated. Substantial digitization strategy of photographs is built based on chain model of digitization to guarantee qualities of creating digital objects. Each step is constituted with basic processes, details and checklists.