• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.110-121
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• 2018

본 논문은 소방용 화학보호복 착용 현장대원의 일상 훈련용 프로토콜 설계 및 활동성 분석에 관한 연구이다. 화학사고 및 화학테러 현장에 최초 투입되는 소방대원들의 대처능력 향상 및 안전성 확보를 위해 총 10단계의 일상 훈련용 프로토콜을 설계하였다. 설계된 프로토콜은 크게 소방용 화학보호복 일상 적응을 위한 광범위 활동 프로토콜(1, 2, 6, 7, 9단계)과 손을 활용한 정밀작업 프로토콜(3, 4, 5단계) 그리고 강한 신체적 부담을 요구하는 프로토콜(8, 10단계)로 구성하였다. 프로토콜에 따른 활동성 측정결과 소방용 화학보호복 착용 시가 미착용 시보다 평균최대심박수는 1단계 20.32%, 2단계 18.69%, 3단계 25.23%, 4단계 34.77%, 5단계 27.44%, 6단계 30.24%, 7단계 25.33%, 8단계 22.25%, 9단계 22.80%, 10단계 20.85% 증가되는 것으로 나타났다. 평균최대호흡수는 1단계 및 2단계를 제외하고 3단계 1.92%, 4단계 4.11%, 5단계 1.24%, 6단계 3.95%, 7단계 0.93%, 8단계 10.23%, 9단계 3.36%, 10단계 15.10% 증가되는 것으로 나타났다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2012

This paper describes the analysis technique of risk voltage around grounding electrode by new touch and step voltage measurement methods. We have analyzed three techniques for risk voltage measurement, such as footprint-electrode method, test-probe method, and simulated-personnel method. We have selected test-probe method considering applicability of site. In order to reduce error related to the location of the auxiliary electrode, we propose a new approach to perform risk voltage measurement with minimum errors and short auxiliary electrode distances. Field tests were carried out at a grounding grid. It can be concluded that the proposed method will be satisfactory for risk voltage measurement.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.92-99
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• 2006

The swirl ratio of a charge in the cylinder was estimated by calculating the ratio of the rotary speed of charge which could be simulated from the rotary speed of paddle in the swirl measurement apparatus, to the engine speed which could be calculated by measuring intake air flow rate. The automation of the swirl ratio measurement for cylinder head was achieved by controling both valve lift in cylinder head and a suction pressure of surge tank using two step-motors. The number of measurement position for calculating mean swirl ratio was varied by adjusting the interval of valve lift. The mean swirl ratio with varying the number of measurement position showed nearly constant value. Two measurement methods for measuring the swirl ratio were compared, one was to control the suction pressure of the surge tank with PID (proportional, integral, differential) mode with by-pass valve controlled by the step motor and the other did not control the surge tank pressure by fixing the by-pass valve. The difference of the mean swirl ratio between the two measurement methods showed nearly constant value with varying the number of measurement position. This means that the w/o PID control method could be preferred to the PID control method which has been used, due to the simpleness of the swirl measurement.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.399-404
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• 2013

This article proposes a digital image correlation (DIC) strain measurement method based on a finite element (FE) algorithm. A two-step digital image correlation is presented. In the first step, the gradient-based subpixels technique is used to search the displacements of a region of interest of the specimen, and then the strain fields are obtained by utilizing the finite element method in the second step. Both simulation and experiment processing, including tensile strain deformation, show that the proposed method can achieve nearly the same accuracy as the cubic spline interpolation method in most cases and higher accuracy in some cases, such as the simulations of uniaxial tension with and without noise. The results show that it also has a good noise-robustness. Finally, this method is used in the uniaxial tensile testing for Dahurian Larch wood specimens with or without a hole, and the obtained strain values are close to the results which were obtained from the strain gauge and the cubic spline interpolation method.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.51-64
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• 2002

굴착단계별 지반거동을 예측하기 위해 아무리 정교한 수치해석기법을 적용하여도 수치해석 모델링, 토질정수, 현장 및 시공조건 등과 관련한 불확실성으로 인해 실제 시공시 관측되는 거동은 설계단계의 수치해석을 통한 예측과 상당히 다른 결과를 나타낸다. 따라서, 굴착과정에서 발생되는 지반거동을 파악하기 위해서 항상 현장계측을 통한 관리가 이루어져야 한다. 하지만 지금까지 수행된 계측관리는 현단계 안정성만을 판단하는 절대치 관리기법에 한정되어 있어 다음 굴착단계에 대한 지반거동의 예측이 어려운 실정이다. 이러한 측면에서 본 연구는 현단계 안정성 여부를 판단하는 절대치 관리기법 이외에 역해석을 통해 다음 굴착단계의 지반거동을 예측하고 안정성을 판단하는 예측관리기법을 도입한 지반굴착 흙막이공의 정보화시공 종합관리 시스템인 TOMAS-EXCAV를 개발하였다. TOMAS-EXCAV는 SQP-MMFD의 최적화기법을 적용한 역해석 프로그램을 정해석 프로그램과 연계하여 굴착 또는 시공 초기단계에 실시된 계측결과를 토대로 주요 설계변수의 최적화를 수행함으로써 흙막이구조물 해석시 모든 불확실성을 포괄적으로 반영한다. 본 연구에서는 이에 대한 검증을 위해 흙막이 현장 2개소를 선정하여 역해석을 중심으로 TOMAS-EXCAV의 적용성을 확인하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.816-822
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• 2008

This study presents the design modification for SCR muffler of a commercial vehicle. Its main objective is the reduction of radiated noise at SCR muffler. For this study, the research of five steps were achieved by experimental and CAE analysis. First step is the measurement of radiated noise using impact-acoustic test. Second step is the source identification using experimental modal analysis. The cause of radiated noise source is confirmed by the resonance of end plates at SCR muffler. Third step confirms the possibility of resonance avoidance using SDM analysis applied the mass control. Fourth step is the suggestion of design modification which is the change of mode shape by CAE analysis. Last step is the verification of design modification using SYSNOISE analysis. Finally, the prototype product applied the countermeasure of resonance evasion was manufactured and the reduction of radiated noise at SCR muffler was confirmed by pass-by noise test.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.123-137
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• 1993

In this paper, an integrated approach is proposed to generate gouging-free Cartesian tool paths for machining sculptured surfaces from 3D measurement data. The integrated CAD/CAM system consists of two modules : offset surface module an Carteian tool path module. The offset surface module generates an offset surface of an object from its 3D measurement data, using an offsetting method and a surface fitting method. The offsetting is based on the idea that the envelope of an inversed tool generates an offset surface without self-intersection as the center of the inversed tool moves along on the surface of an object. The surface-fitting is the process of constructing a compact representation to model the surface of an object based on a fairly large number of data points. The resulting offset surtace is a composite Bezier surface without self-intersection. When an appropriate tool-approach direction is selected, the tool path module generates the Cartesian tool paths while the deviation of the tool paths from the surface stays within the user-specified tolerance. The tool path module is a two-step process. The first step adaptively subdivides the offset surface into subpatches until the thickness of each subpatch is small enough to satisfy the user-defined tolerance. The second step generates the Cartesian tool paths by calculating the intersection of the slicing planes and the adaptively subdivided subpatches. This tool path generation approach generates the gouging-free Cartesian CL tool paths, and optimizes the cutter movements by minimizing the number of interpolated points.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.450-458
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to develop and verify gait training system for post-stroke hemiplegia patients with step length asymmetry. Most post-stroke hemiplegic patients show gait asymmetry and weight shifting training has been suggested as a useful method for improving the walking ability. However, verbal cue by physical therapist may be not effective. Therefore, our weight shift training system was designed to give a feedback to patients through precise plantar pressure and center of pressure (COP) measurement. This weight shifting biofeedback training system is composed of F-Scan plantar pressure measurement system and software development kit (SDK) for Windows operating system. Two post-stroke patients with step length asymmetry were enrolled in this study. After training for six weeks, the weight shift score and step length ratio of two all patients were improved and approached to them of non-disabled. This system developed in this study may improve the step length asymmetry, and therefore this system is also expected to improve a walking ability in hemiplegic patients.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.978-983
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a fault detection method for extended Kalman filter in decentralized filter structure. To detect a fault, a consistency between filter output and a monitoring signal is tested. State propagators are used to obtain the monitoring signal. However, the output of state propagator increases in magnitude and finally diverges as time runs. To solve such problem, two-propagator method was proposed for linear system. Two propagators are reset by Kalman filter output, alternatively, to avoid divergence. But a test statistics change abruptly at the reset instant in that method. Hence a N-step propagator method is proposed to fix up the problem. In the N-step propagator, only time propagations are performed from k-N+1 step to k step without measurement updates. A test statistics are defined by errors and its covariance between extended Kalman filter and N-step propagator. These fault detection methods are applied to integrated strapdown inertial navigation system (SDINS). By computer simulation, it is shown that the proposed methods detect a fault effectively.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.266-272
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• 2021

Mooring systems are among the most important elements employed to control the motion of floating offshore structures on the sea. Considering the use of polymer material, a new method is proposed to address the creep characteristics rather than the method of using a tension load cell for measuring the tension of the mooring line. This study uses a synthetic mooring rope made from a polymer material, which usually consists of three parts: center, eye, and splice, and which makes a joint for two successive ropes. We integrate the optical sensor into the synthetic mooring ropes to measure the rope tension. The different structure of the mooring line in the longitudinal direction can be used to measure the loads with the entire mooring configuration in series, which can be defined as SMART (Smart Mooring and Riser Truncation) mooring. To determine the characteristics of the basic SMART mooring, a SMART mooring with a diameter of 3 mm made of three different polymer materials is observed to change the wavelength that responds as the length changes. By performing the longitudinal tension experiment using three different SMART moorings, it was confirmed that there were linear wavelength changes in the response characteristics of the 3-mm-diameter SMART moorings. A 54-mm-diameter SMART mooring is produced to measure the response of longitudinal tension on the center, eye, and splice of the mooring, and a longitudinal tension of 100 t in step-by-step applied for the Maintained Test and Fatigue Cycle Test is conducted. By performing a longitudinal tension experiment, wavelength changes were detected in the center, eye, and splice position of the SMART moorings. The results obtained from each part of the installed sensors indicated a different strain measurement depending on the position of the SMART moorings. The variation of the strain measurement with the position was more than twice the result of the difference measurement, while the applied external load increased step-by-step. It appears that there is a correlation with an externally generated longitudinal tensional force depending on the cross-sectional area of each part of the SMART mooring.