• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.69-81
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine associated factors affecting the utilization of Medical Care for an overactive bladder. Methods: Total 114 women with overactive bladder participated in this study. Patients were categorized in two groups, the patients with treatment experiences for an overactive bladder(n=40) and without treatment experiences for an overactive bladder(n=74). Patients completed Overactive Bladder Severity Score, Beck Depression Inventory, King's Health Questionnaire, and questionnaires on treatment experience. The results were analysed using SPSS for Windows 12.0k. All statistical tests were two-sided with a p-value < 0.05 being significant. Results: Patients with treatment experience had a greater score on KHQ, OABSS, BDI and had longer symptom duration period than those without treatment experience. And only Impact of Life(P=0.004), Role Limitation(P=0.004), Social Limitation(P=0.007), Emotion(P=0.035), Sleep/Energy(P=0.001), Incontinence Severity Measures(P=0.012) among KHQ domains were statistically significant difference between two groups. Conclusions: The most influencing factor associated with utilization of Medical Service in overactive bladder is the impact of the patient's quality of life.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.70-79
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• 2005

Background: Otitis media with effusion(OME) is one of the most common disease in childhood. Patient suffers from OME in many quarters. For example hearing loss, effects on speech, language, learning, behaviouralchanges etc. But the diagnosis of OME is difficult using only medical history and otoscopy. So, many other diagnostic tools are developed and tympanometry is one of them. When OME is treated by oriental medical Tx, tympanometry would be useful instrument. Objectives: To gain insight into the usability of tympanometry in F/U of OME treated by oriental medial Tx. Methods: Data was collected from 123 ears of 74 children who was treated by oriental medical Tx. Data includes sex, age, period of Tx, elapsed time to be improved, tympanograms and accompanied symptoms. The relationship between items was analysed by statistical methods. Results: There is no relationship between age, sex and period of Tx/elapsed time to be improved. When cough and phlegm is accompanied, the period of treatment and elapsed time to be improved are expanded. When improvement was seen on tympanogram, the period of treatment is expanded but the improvement was seen within 30days, the period of treatment is reduced. Conclusion: The application of tympanometry in oriental medical treatment of OME would provide us many informations about the status of patient so it will be helpful to predict the history of a case and to make a decision whether keep up treatment or not.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제49권sup1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2016

Background: This study analyzed the association between the volume of heart surgeries and treatment outcomes for hospitals in the last five years. Methods: Hospitals that perform heart surgeries were chosen throughout Korea as subjects using from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. The treatment outcome of the heart surgeries was defined as the mortality within 30 postoperative days, while the annual volume of the surgeries was categorized. Logistic regression was used as the statistical analysis method, and the impacts of the variables on the heart surgery treatment outcomes were then analyzed. Results: The chance of death of patients who received surgery in a hospital that performed 50 or more surgeries annually was noticeably lower than patients receiving operations from hospitals that performed fewer than 50 surgeries annually, indicating that the chance of death decreases as the annual volume of heart surgeries in the hospital increases. In particular, the mortality rate in hospitals that performed more than 200 surgeries annually was less than half of that in hospitals that performed 49 or fewer surgeries annually. Conclusion: These results indicate that accumulation of a certain level of heart surgery experience is critical in improving or maintaining the quality of heart surgeries. In order to improve the treatment outcomes of small hospitals, a support policy must be implemented that allows for cooperation with experienced professionals.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.473-481
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• 2010

Objectives : To evaluate the effect of fluoride application on the color and microhardness of bleached enamel and compare it to that of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) application. Methods : Twenty freshly extracted human adult molar were each sectioned into halves, the specimens divided and treated according to five experimental groups: Group 1, treatment with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching agent; Group 2, treatment with 10% CP followed by a 1.23% fluoride gel application; Group 3, treatment with 10% CP followed by a 2.23% sodium fluoride varnish application; Group 4, treatment with 10% CP followed by a 0.11% sodium fluoride gel application; Group 5, treatment with 10% CP followed by a CPP-ACP gel application. All groups were treated 6 h per day for 14 days then immersed in distilled water for 2 weeks. Changes in enamel color were evaluated on Baseline and Day 14. Microhardness were evaluated on Baseline, Days 7 and 14. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey tests. Results : All the bleached enamel specimens revealed increased whiteness and overall color value. Group 1 showed the lowest microhardness values than that of Groups 2, 3, 4 and 5. In all groups, the hardness of tooth after bleaching showed a significant decrease in the microhardness as compared with the one prior to tooth bleaching. The specimens treated with remineralizing agents showed relatively less reduction in enamel microhardness than control group. Conclusions : The addition of fluoride and CPP-ACP did not impede the whitening effect. The use of remineralizing agents during bleaching treatment can significantly enhance the microhardness of bleached enamel.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2018

Background: We conducted a cross-sectional study to analyze the pain characteristics and satisfaction scores in traffic accident (TA) patients seeking Korean medicine treatment. Methods: A survey was conducted in 845 outpatients who visited 10 Korean medicine institutions due to TA-associated symptoms from February 25th, 2016 to March 9th, 2016. The questionnaire included information about patient sociodemographic characteristics, accident circumstance details, pain levels, treatment methods, satisfaction and pre-existing musculoskeletal disorders. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA 14.0. Results: A total 754 of the 845 respondents had experienced acute pain of onset within 1-2 days. Pain in the neck or low back was most common, and low back pain (LBP) was more prevalent in pedestrian-vehicle accident cases. Patients showed highest satisfaction with pharmacopuncture treatment, followed by acupuncture and Chuna manual therapy. Although treatments were not completed at the time of the survey, the majority of patients were satisfied with the Korean medicine treatments they received and indicated their intent to reuse this treatment in the future. The degree of pain reduction after treatment was a factor that influenced patient satisfaction with and intention to reuse Korean medicine. Conclusion: This study determined the characteristics and status of TA patients using Korean medicine and suggests the need for further more inclusive studies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1905-1909
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• 2013

Objective: The aim of the current study was to evaluate changes in treatment outcomes in terms of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and symptom burden at zero, one, three, and six months after an initial diagnosis of colorectal cancer. The demographic and clinical characteristics that account for outcome changes in patients were investigated using a repeated measures framework. Methods and Materials: A cohort study was performed of 134 colorectal cancer patients followed from diagnosis to 6 months post-treatment in Central Taiwan. HRQoL and symptoms were assessed at diagnosis and one, three, and six months thereafter. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colon (FACT-C) questionnaire, VAS pain, and the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS) were used for data collection. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) was applied for statistical analysis. Results: The majority of the patients were male (55%) and married (91.5%). The mean age was 60.4 years (SD = 11.71). Most were diagnosed stage III and IV colorectal cancer (54.5%). All underwent surgery; some also received chemotherapy (CT) or concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT). The results of the GEE showed that overall, the HRQoL, pain, and symptoms of the patients significantly improved over the treatment period. Patients with stage IV disease who had received surgery and CCRT showed the worst HRQoL. Females, patients with comorbidity, and stage IV patients had higher pain scores over time. Female and stage IV patients had more severe physical symptoms, whereas stage II and IV patients had worse psychological symptoms over time. Conclusion: The patients' HRQoL, pain, and symptoms significantly improved over the 6-month treatment period. Certain patient and clinical variables accounted for changes in treatment outcomes regarding HRQoL and symptom burden in colorectal cancer patients.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.270-274
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• 2010

Introduction: Limited mouth opening is a representative clinical symptom of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) with anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWOR). Various treatment methods have been proposed for patients with ADDWOR. This study examined the clinical effectiveness of template therapy for patients with mouth opening difficulty due to the ADDWOR. Material and Methods: A total of 14 patients (female 12, male 2, average age: $29.1{\pm}14.4$), who had been treated in the template clinic, Sooncheonhyang University Bucheon Hospital, from January of 2006 to December of 2008, were enrolled in this study. The subjects were selected according to the following criteria: more than 2 weeks after the onset of locking, mouth opening range <35 mm, and confirmed ADDWOR without a synovial pathology by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All patients were treated with the template appliance, instructed to wear it while sleeping and exercise for at least 10 hours per day. The maximum mouth opening (MMO) range and pain recognition scores before and after template therapy were recorded and compared. A paired t-test and Wilcoxon's signed rank test were used for statistical analysis. Results: After the periodical follow up, significant improvement in the opening range was observed in the template treatment group. The average MMO range before treatment was $30.2{\pm}3.5mm$ and the average MMO after treatment and follow up was $47.1{\pm}4.7mm$. The mean amount of mouth opening increment was $16.9{\pm}5.4mm$ (P<0.01) and the pain recognition scores before and after treatment was also improved.(P=0.001) Conclusion: The template appliance proved to be efficient for the treatment of TMD with a closed lock and painful joint due to ADDWOR.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.32-39
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the 3-year mean periods aftermath of child sexual abuse and to compare the sexual violence victims regard to the treatment. Methods: 682 sexual violence victims were recruited by Seoul Sunflower Children Center, a nation-funded sexual violence victim protection center for children age 13, from 2004 to 2008. Data from 49 victims among 116 consented a follow-up, were analyzed. The victims were assessed by psychological test. Data was analyzed by SPSS ver. 15.0 (SPSS Inc.). Results: The average time elapsed from the last presumed sexual abuse was 39.7 months [standard deviation (SD) 26.02]. Overall, Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) was significantly decreased from 15.8 (SD 9.33) to 10.4 (SD 9.98), and several subscales (depression, anxiety, anger, posttraumatic stress, and dissociation) of Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC) were also significantly decreased. CDI and TSCC scores showed no statistical difference between treatment-given and not-given groups, but Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) was decreased in treatment-given group, whereas it was increased in treatment-not-given group. The difference of RCMAS scores between the two groups was statistically significant [F(1,28)=4.54, p<0.05]. Conclusion: Sexually abused children showed overall symptom decreases over time, but anxiety was not decreased in treatment not-given group.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.167-171
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• 2004

Objective of this research was to investigate the effect of irrigation concentration on the growth and fruit quality of sweet pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) in fertigation. The sweet pepper was grown for 210 days with irrigation concentration of EC 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 dSㆍ$m^{-1 }$ in fertigation nutrient solution developed by European Vegetable R & D Center, Belgium. The net $CO_2$ assimilation and transpiration rate were the highest in the treatment of 2.0 dSㆍ$m^{-1 }$. The pH in the soil was range of 5.63 ～6.03, the EC increased as the irrigation concentration was getting higher. The SPAD value also increased as the irrigation concentration was getting higher, N, P, K, Mg except Ca were highest in the treatment of EC 2.0 dSㆍ$m^{-1 }$. The growth was good in the treatment of EC 2.0 dSㆍm$m^{-1 }$. The fruit length, width, firmness, and pericarp thickness had no statistical differences among treatments, the fruit fresh weight and dry weight were good in the treatment of EC 2.0 dSㆍ$m^{-1 }$ the yield was good in the treatment of EC 1.5 dSㆍ$m^{-1 }$ and EC 2.0 dSㆍ$m^{-1 }$ The sugar contents was the highest in the treatment of EC 2.0 dSㆍ$m^{-1 }$ with 9.0$^{\circ}$Brix. In conclusion, the optimal irrigation concentration for sweet pepper fertigation was EC 2.0 dSㆍm$^{-1}$ .

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.157-169
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• 2004

We have conducted questionnaire and measured serum kidney function tests on 156 patients whom have received a treatment at a local Oriental medicine clinic in Seoul from Sept. 1, 2002 to Dec. 31, 2002. Patients were categorized into five groups. The groups are control(10 samples), herbal extract group(41 samples), herbal pills group(5samples), western medicines(45samples), and combination group(55 samples). This study was conducted to investigate how these treatment methods can affect the kidney functions. Following results were obtained : 1) Most of the research subjects were male(103 individuals) living in large urban area, with a drinking habit, highly educated, and with normal marriage. For the treatment history, 45 individuals received western medicine treatment(28.85%), 46 with Oriental medicine(29.49%), and 55patients (35.26%) experienced both forms of the treatment. 2) For measuring Mean(SD) of serum kidney functions for all the research subjects, Bun was 12.16(3.90)g/dl, 0.51(0.19) g/dl for Creatinine, and 4.64(1.49)g/dl for Uric acid. All the measurements were within the normal range. 3) Confounding variables which may affect the kidney functions such as age, smoking, drinking, occupation, and residency were eliminated in calculation and no significant differences were witnessed between the control and experiment groups. 4) In measuring affects of treatment duration on the kidney functions, no statistical significances were shown in multiple regression's ${\beta}(SE)$ values. 5) Correlations affecting the kidney functions are duration of drinking, drinking volume per round, drinking volume per week, smoking, gender, and age difference caused significant correlations. From the above results, we can deduce that taking herbal and western medicine didn't cause significant effects between the control and experiment groups in the kidney functions. Further research is needed in this field to verify this evidence by adding odds ratios and etc.