• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1979-1989
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 말굽와류에 대한 전반적인 사항을 고찰하는 한편, 실린더의 기 하학적 형상이 말굽와류에 미치는 영향을 정성적으로 고찰하는 데 있다. 그러므로 본 실험에서는 먼저 경계층이 형성되어 있는 평판에 원형 실린더를 설치하여, 말굽와 류에 의한 3차원 유동현상을 고찰하고, 또한 동일한 평판에 쐐기형상의 실린더를 설치 하여, 그 주위에서 발생하는 3차원 유동현상과 원형 실린더 주위에서 일어나는 3차원 유동현상과의 정성적인 비교를 통하여, 말굽와류에 의한 3차원 유동손실을 줄일 수 있 는 가능성을 제시하고자 한다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.293-306
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• 2024

Influenced by the alternating effects of dynamic and static pressure during the mining process of close range coal seams, the surrounding rock support of cross mining roadway is difficult and the deformation mechanism is complex, which has become an important problem affecting the safe and efficient production of coal mines. The paper takes the inclined longwall mining of the 10304 working face of Zhongheng coal mine as the engineering background, analyzes the key strata fracture mechanism of the large inclined right-angle trapezoidal mining field, explores the stress distribution characteristics and transmission law of the surrounding rock of the roadway affected by the mining of the inclined coal seam, and proposes a segmented and hierarchical support method for the cross mining roadway affected by the mining of the close range coal seam group. The research results indicate that based on the derived expressions for shear and tensile fracture of key strata, the ultimate pushing distance and ultimate suspended area of a right angle trapezoidal mining area can be calculated and obtained. Within the cross mining section, along the horizontal direction of the coal wall of the working face, the peak shear stress is located near the middle of the boundary. The cracks on the floor of the cross mining roadway gradually develop in an elliptical funnel shape from the shallow to the deep. The dual coupling support system composed of active anchor rod support and passive U-shaped steel shed support proposed in this article achieves effective control of the stability of cross mining roadways, which achieves effective control of floor by coupling active support and preventive passive support to improve the strength of the surrounding rock itself. The research results are of great significance for guiding the layout, support control, and safe mining of cross mining roadways, and to some extent, can further enrich and improve the relevant theories of roof movement and control.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.262-267
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• 2017

LNG 운반선용 구형 탱크의 제작을 위해서는 탱크의 크기에 따라 별도의 공장 설비가 필요하며 시설 투자의 한계로 인해 현실적으로 조선소에서 다양한 크기의 완전 구형 LNG 탱크를 제작하는 것은 매우 어려운 일이다. 다양한 용량의 LNG 탱크 제작을 위해서는 기존 구형 탱크의 중앙부에 원통 형태의 확장부를 삽입하여 적재 용량을 키우는 방법이 효과적이다. 본 연구에서는 원통 확장부를 갖는 구형 LNG 탱크에 대하여 수평 가속도에 의한 동적 압력분포 산출식을 유도하였다. 본 논문에서 유도한 압력 분포 산출식을 이용함으로써 원통 확장부를 갖는 구형 탱크를 화물창 형식으로 하는 LNG 운반선의 구조설계 시 구조 안전성 평가를 위한 동적 설계하중을 간편하게 구하여 해석에 적용할 수 있다. 또한, 이미 개발되어 있는 원통 확장부를 갖는 구형 LNG 탱크의 정적 하중에 대한 설계하중 산출식과 결합함으로써 정적 및 동적하중을 모두 고려한 정도 높은 간이해석법의 개발이 가능하며, 이를 통해 초기 견적 시 많은 시간과 비용을 소요하는 유한요소 해석을 대신하여 짧은 시간에 정도 높은 물량 산출이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.706-713
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• 2007

코안다 효과를 유발시키기 위해 환상 슬릿과 팽창률이 일정하지 않은 축소 노즐로부터 분사되는 제트의 구조와 환상의 슬릿과 팽창률이 일정한 노즐로부터 분사되는 제트의 구조를 비교 연구하였다. 실험에 있어서 노즐 입구와 출구 직경을 각각 40mm, 20mm로 하였고, 노즐 출구 평균 속도를 90m/s로 하였다. 3축 이송 장치와 스캐닝 밸브 시스템을 이용하여 제트 축 및 반경 방향 압력을 측정하고, 측정된 정압 및 전압으로부터 구한 속도 분포를 비교 검토하였다. 안정성과 수속성이 우수한 제트를 얻기 위해서는 팽창률이 일정하지 않은 노즐보다 팽창률이 일정한 축소 노즐과 환상의 슬릿을 통해 코안다 효과를 이용하여 분사하는 것이 효과적임을 밝혔다. 또한 팽창에 따른 압력 강하도 팽창률이 일정한 노즐의 경우가 상대적으로 더 작게 됨을 알았다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제75권4호
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• pp.487-496
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• 2020

Most of the previous works on numerical analysis of galloping of transmission lines are generally based on the quasisteady theory. However, some wind tunnel tests of the rectangular section or hangers of suspension bridges have shown that the galloping phenomenon has a strong unsteady characteristic and the test results are quite different from the quasi-steady calculation results. Therefore, it is necessary to check the applicability of the quasi-static theory in galloping analysis of the ice-covered transmission line. Although some limited unsteady simulation researches have been conducted on the variation of parameters such as aerodynamic damping, aerodynamic coefficients with wind speed or wind attack angle, there is a need to investigate the numerical simulation of unsteady galloping of two-dimensional iced transmission line with comparison to wind tunnel test results. In this paper, it is proposed to conduct a two dimensional (2-D) unsteady numerical analysis of ice-covered transmission line galloping. First, wind tunnel tests of a typical crescent-shapes iced conductor are conducted firstly to check the subsequent quasisteady and unsteady numerical analysis results. Then, a numerical simulation model consistent with the aeroelastic model in the wind tunnel test is established. The weak coupling methodology is used to consider the fluid-structure interaction in investigating a two-dimension numerical simulation of unsteady galloping of the iced conductor. First, the flow field is simulated to obtain the pressure and velocity distribution of the flow field. The fluid action on the iced conduct at the coupling interface is treated as an external load to the conductor. Then, the movement of the conduct is analyzed separately. The software ANSYS FLUENT is employed and redeveloped to numerically analyze the model responses based on fluid-structure interaction theory. The numerical simulation results of unsteady galloping of the iced conduct are compared with the measured responses of wind tunnel tests and the numerical results by the conventional quasi-steady theory, respectively.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.392-399
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• 2009

The paper concerns the description of the step by step development process of the new fixed blade runner called "Mixer" suitable for the uprating of the Francis turbines units installed at the older low head hydropower plants. In the paper the details of hydraulic and mechanical design are presented. Since the rotational speed of the new runner is significantly higher then the rotational speed of the original Francis one, the direct coupling of the turbine to the generator can be applied. The maximum efficiency at prescribed operational point was reached by the geometry optimization of two most important components. In the first step the optimization of the draft tube geometry was carried out. The condition for the draft tube geometry optimization was to design the new geometry of the draft tube within the original bad draft tube shape without any extensive civil works. The runner blade geometry optimization was carried out on the runner coupled with the draft tube domain. The blade geometry of the runner was optimized using automatic direct search optimization procedure. The method used for the objective function minimum search is a kind of the Nelder-Mead simplex method. The objective function concerns efficiency, required net head and cavitation features. After successful hydraulic design the modal and stress analysis was carried out on the prototype scale runner. The static pressure distribution from flow simulation was used as a load condition. The modal analysis in air and in water was carried out and the results were compared. The final runner was manufactured in model scale and it is going to be tested in hydraulic laboratory. Since the turbine with the fixed blade runner does not allow double regulation like in case of full Kaplan turbine, it can be profitably used mainly at power plants with smaller changes of operational conditions or in case with more units installed. The advantages are simple manufacturing, installation and therefore lower expenses and short delivery time for turbine uprating.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.219-227
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• 2007

The dynamic performance of air foil bearings relies on a coupling between a thin air film and an elastic foil structure. A number of successful analytical techniques to predict dynamic performance have been developed. However, the evaluation of its dynamic characteristic is still not enough because of the mechanical complexity of the foil structure and strong nonlinear behavior of friction force. This work presents a nonlinear transient analysis method to predict dynamic performance of foil bearings. In this method, time dependent Reynolds equation is used to calculate pressure distribution and a finite element method is used to model the bump foil structure. The analysis is treated with a direct implicit integration technique that can handle nonlinear problems and the stick-slip algorithm is used to consider friction force. Using this method the response to the mass unbalance excitation is investigated for various design parameters and operating conditions. The results of analysis show that foil bearing is very effective on the restriction of vibration at the resonance frequency compared to the rigid surface bearings and the effectiveness depends on the operating conditions, static load and a amount of mass unbalance. In addition, there exist optimum values of friction coefficient, bump foil stiffness and number of circumferential slit with regards to minimizing dynamic response at the resonance frequency. These optimum values are system dependent.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.34-46
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• 2020

직사각형 초음속 노즐의 3차원 역유동 추력벡터 제어 시스템에 대한 공기역학적 특성을 조사하기 위하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 이 초음속 노즐은 특성곡선법에 의하여 설계되었으며, 그 설계 마하수는 2.5이다. 2차 유동 덕트의 갭 높이를 변수로 하여 역유동 추력벡터 제어 시스템의 성능을 조사하였다. 상부 흡입 칼라의 중심선을 따르는 정압 분포, 편향각, 2차 질량유량비 및 합성 추력계수와 같은 주요 매개변수가 정량적으로 분석되었다. 또한 전체 유동장의 특성을 알아보기 위하여 대칭 평면에서의 유선, 3차원 등마하수분포 및 3차원 난류에너지분포를 조사하였다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.161-184
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• 2016

Long-span suspension bridges have evolved through the years and with them, the bridge girder decks improved as well, changing their shapes from standard box-deck girders to twin box and multi-box decks sections. The aerodynamic characteristics of the new generation of twin and multiple-decks are investigated nowadays, to provide the best design wind speeds and the optimum dimensions such bridges could achieve. The multi-box Megane bridge deck is one of the new generation bridge decks, consisting of two side decks for traffic lanes and two middle decks for railways, linked between them with connecting beams. Three-dimensional CFD simulations were performed by employing the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) algorithm with a standard Smagorinsky subgrid-scale model, for $Re=9.3{\times}10^7$ and angles of attack ${\alpha}=-4^{\circ}$, $-2^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$, $2^{\circ}$ and $4^{\circ}$. Also, a wind tunnel experiment was performed for a scaled model, 1:80 of the Megane bridge deck section, for $Re=5.1{\times}10^5$ and the aerodynamic static coefficients were found to be in good agreement with the results obtained from the CFD-LES model. However the aerodynamic coefficients determined individually, from the CFD-LES model, for each of the traffic and railway decks of the Megane bridge, varied significantly, especially for the downstream traffic deck. Also the pressure distribution and the effect of the spacing between the connecting beams, on the wind speed profiles showed a slight increase in turbulence above the downstream traffic and railway decks.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2024

Background: This study was conducted to apply active release techniques to male youth basketball players to help improve physical development and damage prevention and improve performance through improved balance and functional movement. Design: Randomized control trial. Methods: The subjects included 33 youth basketball players who were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n=17) and the control group (n=16). For the experimental group, the active release technique was applied to the hip muscles, calf muscles, posterior thigh muscles based on the distribution of injuries surveyed in youth basketball players in the Korean Basksetball League. The Y-balance test and the functional reach test (FRT) were used to assess balance and the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) was used to assess functional movement. Interventions were conducted twice a week for 4 weeks at 40 minutes per session. The experimental group was the active release technique group, and static stretching, a common exercise therapy technique, and self-myofascial release using a foam roller were applied for 20 minutes. The control group received general exercise therapy and placebo active release technique. The placebo active release technique applies pressure only. results:The experimental group showed a greater improvement in balance, as evidenced by the FRT, compared to the control group, which received general exercise treatment. However, there was no statistically significant difference in improvement between the 2 groups. In the case of the experimental group, the difference in the Y balance test before and after the intervention was larger than that of the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference. Significant improvement was found in functional movement, as evidence by the FMS, for the trunk stability test (p < 0.05), in-line lunge test (p < 0.05), rotational stability test (p < 0.05), total score (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the active release technique improved the balance and functional movement of young basketball players more than general exercise therapy. The application of the active release technique is therefore expected to assist in physical development, prevent damage, and improve the performance of youth basketball players.