• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.371-382
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• 2009

The concrete plates are most widely used structural elements in the hulls of floating concrete structures such as concrete barges and pontoons, bridge decks, basement floors and liquid storage tanks. The study on the behavior of high-strength fiber reinforced concrete (HSFRC) plates was carried out to evaluate the performance of plates under in-plane and transverse loads. The plates were tested in simply supported along all the four edges and subjected to in-plane and traverse loads. In this experimental program, twenty four 150 mm diameter cylinders and twelve plate elements of size $600{\times}600{\times}30$ mm were prepared and tested. Water-to-cementitious materials ratios of 0.3 and 0.4 with 10% and 15% silica fume replacements were used in the concrete mixes. The fiber volume fractions, $V_f$ = 0%, 1% and 1.5% with an aspect ratio of 80 were used in this study. The HSFRC mixes had the concrete compressive strengths in the range of 52.5 to 70 MPa, flexural strengths ranging from 6.21 to 11.08 MPa and static modulus of elasticity ranging from 29.68 to 36.79 GPa. In this study, the behavior of HSFRC plate elements subjected to combined uniaxial in-plane and transverse loads was investigated.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2021

Digging well foundation has been widely used in railway bridges due to its good economy and reliability. In other instances, bridges with digging well foundation still have damage risks during earthquakes. However, there is still a lack of knowledge of lateral behavior of digging well foundation considering the soil-foundation interaction. In this study, scaled models of bridge pier-digging well foundation system are constructed for quasi-static test to investigate their lateral behaviors. The failure mechanism and responses of the soil-foundation-pier interaction system are analyzed. The testing results indicate that the digging foundations tend to rotate as a rigid body under cyclic lateral load. Moreover, the depth-width ratio of digging well foundation has a significant influence on the failure mode of the interaction system, especially on the distribution of foundation displacement and the failure of pier. The energy dissipation capacity of the interaction system is discussed by using index of the equivalent viscous damping ratio. The damping varies with the depth-width ratio changing. The equivalent stiffness of soil-digging well foundation-pier interaction system decreases with the increase of loading displacement in a nonlinear manner. The absolute values of the interaction system stiffness are significantly influenced by the depth-width ratio of the foundation.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.365-380
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• 2021

Although traditional steel-concrete composite beams have excellent structural characteristics, it cannot meet the requirement of quick assembly and repair in the engineering. This paper presents a study on static behavior of bolt connected steel-concrete composite beam without post-cast zone. A three-dimensional finite element model was developed with its accuracy and reliability validated by available experimental results. The analysis results show that in the normal service stage, the bolt is basically in the state of unidirectional stress with the loss of pretightening can be ignored. Parametric studies are presented to quantify the effects of the post-cast zone, size and position of splicing gap on the behavior of the beam. Based on the studies, suggested size of gap and installation order were proposed. It is also confirmed that optimized concrete slab in mid-span can reduce the requirement of construction accuracy.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.449-461
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• 2024

The vertical reinforcement connection between the precast reinforced concrete shear wall and the cast-in-place reinforced concrete member is vital to the performance of shear walls under seismic loading. This paper investigated the structural behavior of three precast reinforced concrete shear walls, with different levels of connection (i.e., full connection, partial connection, and no connection), subjected to quasi-static lateral loading. The specimens were subjected to a constant vertical load, resulting in an axial load ratio of 0.4. The crack pattern, failure modes, load-displacement relationships, ductility, and energy dissipation characteristics are presented and discussed. The resultant seismic performances of the three tested specimens were compared in terms of skeleton curve, load-bearing capacity, stiffness, ductility, energy dissipation capacity, and viscous damping. The seismic performance of the partially connected shear wall was found to be comparable to that of the fully connected shear wall, exhibiting 1.7% and 3.5% higher yield and peak load capacities, 9.2% higher deformability, and similar variation in stiffness, energy dissipation capacity and viscous damping at increasing load levels. In comparison, the seismic performance of the non-connected shear wall was inferior, exhibiting 12.8% and 16.4% lower loads at the yield and peak load stages, 3.6% lower deformability, and significantly lower energy dissipation capacity at lower displacement and lower viscous damping.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.581-593
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• 2021

This model is proposed to describe the buckling behavior of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) embedded in an elastic medium taking into account the combined effects of the magnetic field, the temperature, the nonlocal parameter, the number of walls. Using Eringen's nonlocal elasticity theory, thin cylindrical shell theory and Van der Waal force (VdW) interactions, we develop a system of partial differential equations governing the buckling response of CNTs embedded on Winkler, Pasternak, and Kerr foundations in a thermal-magnetic environment. The pre-buckling stresses are obtained by applying airy's stress function and an adjacent equilibrium criterion. To estimate the nonlocal critical buckling load of CNTs under the simultaneous effects of the magnetic field, the temperature change, and the number of walls, an optimization technique is proposed. Furthermore, analytical formulas are developed to obtain the buckling behavior of SWCNTs embedded in an elastic medium without taking into account the effects of the nonlocal parameter. These formulas take into account VdW interactions between adjacent tubes and the effect of terms involving differences in tube radii generally neglected in the derived expressions of the critical buckling load published in the literature. Most scientific research on modeling the effects of magnetic fields is based on beam theories, this motivation pushes me to develop a cylindrical shell model for studying the effect of the magnetic field on the static behavior of CNTs. The results show that the magnetic field has significant effects on the static behavior of CNTs and can lead to slow buckling. On the other hand, thermal effects reduce the critical buckling load. The findings in this work can help us design of CNTs for various applications (e.g. structural, electrical, mechanical and biological applications) in a thermal and magnetic environment.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.165-174
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• 1995

정적하중은 동적하중에 비해 재하속도가 느리므로 보다 합리적인 내진설계 규준제정을 위해서는 정적 실험과 별도로 동적실험이 필요하다. 그러나 구조물의 실물크기로 동적실험을 수행하기에는 여러 가지 기계적, 경제적인 제약이 있으므로 그 크기를 축소시킨 모형실험이 일반적으로 수행되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 11개의 철근 콘크리트 보-기둥 접합부 실험체에 대해 이미 잘 알려진 상사법칙을 적용하여 길이 축척비 1 : 2 : 4로 제작하여, 재하진동수를 0.0025Hz~2.0Hz로 각각 서로 다르게 작용시켜 철근콘크리트 부재의 동적 모형실험에 대한 신뢰성을 검토하였다. 실험결과, 상사법칙에 의해 설계된 모형실험체는 원형크기 실험체의 동적거동 예측에 유용하게 사용 될 수 있음이 확인되었다.

• Composites Research
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.358-362
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• 2016

원추형 복합재 튜브는 우주 항공, 비행체, 잠수함 등 큰 구조물뿐만 아니라 자전거 프레임, 낚시대, 골프채 등 레저용품에도 적용이 되면서 정적-동적 거동에서의 기계적 물성 예측의 중요한 연구 분야로 대두되고 있다. 일반적으로 원추형 복합재 튜브의 기계적 물성 예측은 진동, 굽힘, 좌굴에 관하여 많은 연구가 진행되었지만, 복합재료의 섬유 배향 각이 일정하다고 가정하고 기계적 거동을 분석한 것이 대부분이기 때문에 섬유 배향 각이 원추형 복합재 튜브 구조물의 기계적 물성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 섬유 배향 각을 고려한 원추형 복합재료 튜브의 정적 거동에 따른 기계적 물성을 예측하기 위해 수식을 도출하고, 자전거 프레임에 적용하기 위한 다양한 설계 파라메터의 영향을 고찰하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2012

횡방향으로 프리스트레스가 도입된 장지간 PSC 바닥판의 정적 거동을 예측하기 위한 유한요소해석 모델을 구성하고, 해석결과를 선행연구에 의한 실험결과와 비교하였다. 유한요소해석에 의하여 서로 다른 콘크리트 강도와 프리스트레스 크기를 변수로 갖는 각각의 실험체에 대한 하중-처짐 관계 곡선을 비교적 근접하게 추정할 수 있었다. 또한, 변형률 분포와 변수에 따른 극한강도 변화로부터 펀칭전단에 의한 파괴형태와 손상범위 등을 간접적으로 예측할 수 있었다. 이 연구에서 활용된 유한요소해석 모델은 펀칭전단파괴에 의한 펀칭콘의 분리를 사실적으로 재현하기 위한 목적이 아니며, 실험연구를 위한 보조적 수단으로서 정적거동예측과 실험결과의 보완 등에 효과적으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.103-118
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• 2020

The static behavior of grouped large-headed studs (d = 30 mm) embedded in ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) was investigated by conducting push-out tests and numerical analysis. In the push-out test, no splitting cracks were found in the UHPC slab, and the shank failure control the shear capacity, indicating the large-headed stud matches well with the mechanical properties of UHPC. Besides, it is found that the shear resistance of the stud embedded in UHPC is 11.4% higher than that embedded in normal strength concrete, indicating that the shear resistance was improved. Regarding the numerical analysis, the parametric study was conducted to investigate the influence of the concrete strength, aspect ratio of stud, stud diameter, and the spacing of stud in the direction of shear force on the shear performance of the large-headed stud. It is found that the stud diameter and stud spacing have an obvious influence on the shear resistance. Based on the test and numerical analysis results, a formula was established to predict the load-slip relationship. The comparison indicates that the predicted results agree well with the test results. To accurately predict the shear resistance of the stud embedded in UHPC, a design equation for shear strength is proposed. The ratio of the calculation results to the test results is 0.99.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2011

복합재료가 건설 분야에서 보다 광범위하게 이용되기 위해서는 일반 기술자에게 이론을 쉽게 하기 위한 연구와 시험을 통한 데이터의 축적이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 복합재료인 FRP 바닥판 부재의 따른 정적 및 피로성능을 평가하고 향후 FRP 바닥판의 해석 및 설계기준의 기초 자료를 제공하여 복합재료의 구조재 활용을 위한 기반기술을 제공하고자 하였다. 정적시험 결과 섬유방향 시험체가 섬유직각방향 시험체보다 큰 강성을 갖고 있으며 데이터 값이 훨씬 수렴되는 경향을 보이는바 이는 파괴과정에서 기지 배열에 따른 구조 특성으로 보다 안정적인 거동을 보이는 것을 알 수 있었다. 피로시험 결과 섬유방향 시험체는 섬유직각방향 시험체가 초기에 균열이 발생하는 것과 달리 시험체의 반복횟수가 증가하면서 파괴 직전에 균열을 확인할 수 있었으며, 접착면이 떨어지는 양상을 보였다.