Earthquakes and Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of vertical reinforcement connection level on seismic behavior of precast RC shear walls: Experimental study

  • Yun-Lin Liu (Prefabricated Building Research Institute of Anhui Province, Anhui Jianzhu University) ;
  • Sushil Kumar (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University) ;
  • Dong-Hua Wang (Prefabricated Building Research Institute of Anhui Province, Anhui Jianzhu University) ;
  • Dong Guo (School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University)
  • Received : 2024.01.16
  • Accepted : 2024.04.09
  • Published : 2024.06.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The vertical reinforcement connection between the precast reinforced concrete shear wall and the cast-in-place reinforced concrete member is vital to the performance of shear walls under seismic loading. This paper investigated the structural behavior of three precast reinforced concrete shear walls, with different levels of connection (i.e., full connection, partial connection, and no connection), subjected to quasi-static lateral loading. The specimens were subjected to a constant vertical load, resulting in an axial load ratio of 0.4. The crack pattern, failure modes, load-displacement relationships, ductility, and energy dissipation characteristics are presented and discussed. The resultant seismic performances of the three tested specimens were compared in terms of skeleton curve, load-bearing capacity, stiffness, ductility, energy dissipation capacity, and viscous damping. The seismic performance of the partially connected shear wall was found to be comparable to that of the fully connected shear wall, exhibiting 1.7% and 3.5% higher yield and peak load capacities, 9.2% higher deformability, and similar variation in stiffness, energy dissipation capacity and viscous damping at increasing load levels. In comparison, the seismic performance of the non-connected shear wall was inferior, exhibiting 12.8% and 16.4% lower loads at the yield and peak load stages, 3.6% lower deformability, and significantly lower energy dissipation capacity at lower displacement and lower viscous damping.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work described in paper is supported by the Anhui Natural Science Foundation (Project 1908085ME144), Anhui Provincial Universities Natural Science Research Project (Grant No. KJ2020ZD43), the Anhui University Natural Science Foundation (Project KJ2021A0607) and the Anhui Jianzhu University doctor start-up fund (Project 2020QDZ170). National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Nos. 52178278), the Department of Education of Guangdong Province, China (Project No. 2021KCXTD030). The authors would also like to acknowledge the assistance of Hao Pan, Xudong Chen of Anhui Jianzhu University, who helped to conduct the experiments.

References

  1. American Society for Testing and Materials (2021), ASTM-A370: Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  2. Biswal, A., Prasad, A.M. and Sengupta, A.K. (2019), "Study of shear behavior of grouted vertical joints between precast concrete wall panels under direct shear loading", Struct. Concrete, 20(2), 564-582. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201800064.
  3. Brunesi, E., Nascimbene, R. and Pavese, A. (2016), "Mechanical model for seismic response assessment of lightly reinforced concrete walls", Earthq. Struct., 11(3), 461-481. http://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2016.11.3.461.
  4. Brunesi, E., Nascimbene, R. and Peloso, S. (2018), "Evaluation of the seismic response of precast wall connections: Experimental observations and numerical modeling", J. Earthq. Eng., 24(7), 1057-1082. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2018.1469440.
  5. Brunesi, E., Peloso, S., Pinho, R. and Nascimbene, R. (2018), "Cyclic testing and analysis of a full-scale cast-in-place reinforced concrete wall-slab-wall structure", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 16(10), 4761-4796. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0374-0.
  6. Brunesi, E., Peloso, S., Pinho, R. and Nascimbene, R. (2019), "Cyclic tensile testing of a three-way panel connection for precast wall-slab-wall structures", Struct. Concrete, 20(4), 1307-1315. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201800280.
  7. China Ministry of Construction (2010), GB 50011: Code for Seismic Design of Buildings, China Ministry of Construction, Beijing, China.
  8. China Ministry of Construction (2019), GB 50081: Test Method of Concrete Physical and Mechanical Properties, China Ministry of Construction, Beijing, China.
  9. Dong, H., Li, Y., Cao, W., Qin, C., Liu, C. and Wu, D. (2022), "Seismic performance of precast single-row reinforced concrete shear walls connected by grouted joints with button-head bars", Struct., 41, 1655-1671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.04.039.
  10. El-Dakhakhni, W. and Ashour, A. (2017), "Seismic response of reinforced-concrete masonry shear-wall components and systems: State of the art", J. Struct. Eng., 143(9), 03117001. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001840.
  11. Fu, Q., Cao, Z.W., Liao, X.D., Liu, Y.N. and Zhang, S.Q. (2022), "Quasi-static test and simplified analysis method of a new type precast shear wall with unconnected vertical distributed reinforcements", J. Build. Eng., 47, 103794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103794.
  12. Gu, Q., Dong, G., Wang, X., Jiang, H. and Peng, S. (2019), "Research on pseudo-static cyclic tests of precast concrete shear walls with vertical rebar lapping in grout-filled constrained hole", Eng. Struct., 189, 396-410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.03.069.
  13. Guo, T., Zhang, G. and Chen, C. (2013), "Experimental study on self-centering concrete wall with distributed friction devices", J. Earthq. Eng., 18, 214-230. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2013.844211.
  14. Kang, S.M., Kim, O.J. and Park, H.G. (2013), "Cyclic loading test for emulative precast concrete walls with partially reduced rebar section", Eng. Struct., 56, 1645-1657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.07.036.
  15. Korkmaz, H.H. and Ecemis, A.S. (2017), "Seismic upgrading of reinforced concrete frames with steel plate shear walls", Earthq. Struct., 13(5), 473-484. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2017.13.5.473.
  16. Kumar, S., Chen, B., Xu, Y. and Dai, J.G. (2022), "Axial-flexural behavior of FRP grid-reinforced geopolymer concrete sandwich wall panels enabled with FRP connectors", J. Build. Eng., 47, 103907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103907.
  17. Li, J., Fan, Q., Lu, Z. and Wang, Y. (2019), "Experimental study on seismic performance of T-shaped partly precast reinforced concrete shear wall with grouting sleeves", Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., 28(13), e1632. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1632.
  18. Li, J., Wang, Y., Lu, Z. and Li, J. (2017), "Experimental study and numerical simulation of a laminated reinforced concrete shear wall with a vertical seam", Appl. Sci., 7(6), 629. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7060629.
  19. Li, M., Luu, H.C., Wu, C., Mo, Y.L. and Hsu, T.T. (2014), "Seismic performance of reinforced engineered cementitious composite shear walls", Earthq. Struct., 7(5), 691-704. http://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2014.7.5.691.
  20. Liao, X., Zhang, S., Cao, Z. and Xiao, X. (2021), "Seismic performance of a new type of precast shear walls with nonconnected vertical distributed reinforcement", J. Build. Eng., 44, 103219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103219.
  21. Lu, X., Wang, L., Wang, D. and Jiang, H. (2016), "An innovative joint connecting beam for precast concrete shear wall structures", Struct. Concrete, 17, 972-986. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201500193.
  22. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China (2015), JGJ/T 101: Specification for Seismic Test of Buildings, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China, Beijing, China.
  23. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China (2019), JG/T 408: Cementitious Grout for Reinforcement Splicing, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China, Beijing, China.
  24. Nagender, T., Parulekar, Y.M. and Rao, G.A. (2019), "Performance evaluation and hysteretic modeling of low rise reinforced concrete shear walls", Earthq. Struct., 16(1), 41-54. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2019.16.1.041.
  25. Park, H. and Eom, T. (2006), "A simplified method for estimating the amount of energy dissipated by flexure-dominated reinforced concrete members for moderate cyclic deformations", Earthq. Spectra, 22, 459-490. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2197547.
  26. Park, R. (1989), "Evaluation of ductility of structures and structural assemblages from laboratory testing", Bull. N.Z. Nat. Soc. Earthq. Eng. Struct., 22(3), 155-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.10.026.
  27. Pavese, A. and Bournas, D.A. (2011), "Experimental assessment of the seismic performance of a prefabricated concrete structural wall system", Eng. Struct., 33, 2049-2062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.02.043.
  28. Peng, Y.Y., Qian, J.R. and Wang, Y.H. (2016), "Cyclic performance of precast concrete shear walls with a mortarsleeve connection for longitudinal steel bars", Mater. Struct., 49, 2455-2469. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-015-0660-0.
  29. Perez, F.J., Pessiki, S. and Sause, R. (2013), "Experimental lateral load response of unbonded post-tensioned precast concrete walls", ACI Struct. J., 110(6), 1045-1055.
  30. Qian, J.R., Jiang, Z. and Ji, X.D. (2010), "Experimental study on seismic behavior of steel tube-reinforced concrete composite shear walls with high axial compressive load ratio", J. Build. Struct., 31(7), 40-48.
  31. Qian, J.R., Yang, X.K., Qin, H., Peng, Y.Y. and Li, J.S. (2011), "Tests on seismic behavior of pre-cast shear walls with various methods of vertical reinforcement splicing", J. Build. Struct., 32(6), 51-59.
  32. Qian, J.R., Zao, J. and Ji, X.D. (2012), "Behavior of steel tubereinforced concrete composite walls subjected to high axial force and cyclic loading", Eng. Struct., 36, 173-184.
  33. Rodrigues, H., Varum, H., Arede, A. and Costa, A. (2012), "A comparative analysis of energy dissipation and equivalent viscous damping of RC columns subjected to uniaxial and biaxial loading", Eng. Struct., 35, 149-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.11.014.
  34. Rossley, N., Aziz, F.N.A.A., Chew, H.C. and Farzadnia, N. (2014), "Behaviour of vertical loop bar connection in precast wall subjected to shear load", Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci., 10, 142-150.
  35. Saad, G., Najjar, S. and Saddik, F. (2016), "Seismic performance of reinforced concrete shear wall buildings with underground stories", Earthq. Struct., 10(4), 965-988. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2016.10.4.965.
  36. Singhal, S., Chourasia, A., Kajale, Y. and Singh, D. (2021), "Behaviour of precast reinforced concrete structural wall systems subjected to in-plane lateral loading", Eng. Struct., 241, 112474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112474.
  37. Smith, B.J., Kurama, Y.C. and McGinnis, M.J. (2013), "Behavior of precast concrete shear walls for seismic regions: Comparison of hybrid and emulative specimens", J. Struct. Eng., 139(11), 1917-1927. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000755.
  38. Sritharan, S., Aaleti, S., Henry, R.S., Liu, K.Y. and Tsai, K.C. (2015), "Precast concrete wall with end columns (PreWEC) for earthquake resistant design", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 44(12), 2075-2092. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2576.
  39. Vaghei, R., Hejazi, F., Firoozi, A.A. and Jaafar, M.S. (2019), "Performance of loop connection in precast concrete walls subjected to lateral loads", Int. J. Civil Eng., 17, 397-426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-018-0366-0.
  40. Wu, L., Tian, Y., Su, Y. and Chen, H. (2018), "Seismic performance of precast composite shear walls reinforced by concrete-filled steel tubes", Eng. Struct., 162, 72-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.01.069.
  41. Wu, M., Liu, X., Liu, H. and Du, X. (2020), "Seismic performance of precast short-leg shear wall using a grouting sleeve connection", Eng. Struct., 208, 110338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110338.
  42. Wu, S., Li, H., Wang, X., Li, R., Tian, C. and Hou, Q. (2022), "Seismic performance of a novel partial precast RC shear wall with reserved cast-in-place base and wall edges", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 152, 107038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2021.107038.
  43. Xu, G., Wang, Z., Wu, B., Bursi, O.S., Tan, X., Yang, Q. and Wen, L. (2017), "Seismic performance of precast shear wall with sleeves connection based on experimental and numerical studies", Eng. Struct., 150, 346-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.06.026.
  44. Xue, W., Huang, Q., Gu, X. and Hu, X. (2022), "Hysteretic behavior of precast concrete shear walls with steel sleeve-corrugated metallic duct hybrid connections", Struct., 38, 820-831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.02.034.
  45. Yuan, Q., Wang, Z., Li, H., Zhu, H. and Suo, N. (2021), "Experimental study on seismic performance of new-type fabricated shear wall with mortar connection", J. Build. Eng., 43, 103103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103103.
  46. Zhai, X., Zhang, X., Cao, C. and Hu, W. (2019), "Study on seismic performance of precast fabricated RC shear wall with opening filling", Constr. Build. Mater., 214, 539-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.04.070.
  47. Zhang, H., Li, C., Wang, Z.F. and Zhang, C.Y. (2020), "Seismic performance assessments of precast energy dissipation shear wall structures under earthquake sequence excitations", Earthq. Struct., 18(2), 147-162. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2020.18.2.147.
  48. Zhi, Q., Guo, Z., Xiao, Q., Yuan, F. and Song, J. (2017), "Quasistatic test and strut-and-tie modeling of precast concrete shear walls with grouted lap-spliced connections", Constr. Build. Mater., 150, 190-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.05.183.
  49. Zhu, Z. and Guo, Z (2017), "In-plane quasi-static cyclic tests on emulative precast concrete walls", KSCE J. Civil Eng., 22, 2890-2898. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-017-0695-6.