• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2002년도 ICCAS
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• pp.77.2-77
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• 2002

Human upright standing posture in the sagittal plane is studied, when it exposed in the antero-posterior vibration. A two link inverted pendulum model is considered and described its functional behavior in terms of ankle and hip joint according to the dominant joints that provides the largest contribution to the corresponding human reactionary motion. The data is analyzed, both in the time domain and the frequency domain. Subjects behave as a non-rigid pendulum with a mass and a spring throughout the whole period of the platform motion. When vision was allowed, each segment of body shows more stabilized.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제14권1_4호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2007

The purpose of this case report is to investigate whether an attempt to hold the repeated upright posture under blocking the patient's vision affects the deficits to push away from the paralytic side and the relapse time from down to stand up position without push away in patients with hemiplegia with pusher syndrome. Two hemiplegic patients with pusher syndrome were assessed. The task was performed 4 times per day for 6 weeks. The modified barthel index (MBI) was performed to assess activities of daily living (ADL). For assessing balance, the "balanced sitting" and "sit to stand" are analyzed using by modified motor assessment scale (MMAS). The scale for contraversive pushing (SCP) was used for determination of push away from paralyzed side. MBI, MMAS and SCP were assessed before and after trial of the task. In patient 1, total score of the scale is 0 in sitting posture and standing posture within 3 weeks and 4 weeks, respectively, In patient 2, total score of the scale is 0 in sitting posture and standing posture within 4 weeks and 6 weeks, respectively. These results demonstrated that pusher syndrome was completely resolved in at least 6 weeks. Our findings indicate that this physical therapy seems to be relevant for the hemiplegic patients with pusher syndrome.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.79-93
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dynamic characteristics of knitted fabrics on the clothing pressure of foundation. Five knitted fabrics of foundation were selected by different fiber types and blended ratios for the study. The dynamic characteristics of foundation wears made with five different fabrics were measured by KES-FB system method. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The tensile linearity and resilience of f1 were lower than those of other samples. While the tensile resistances of f1, f2 and f4 samples were high, the coefficients of friction of them were low. The bending rigidity and geometric roughness of f5 were higher than the others. 2. The clothing pressure of f3 all-in-one sample was the highest, and followed by f5, f4, f2 and f1, respectively. This result showed that the compression resilience affected on the clothing pressure greatly. 3. In terms of the clothing pressure by posture, the clothing pressure at $90^{\circ}$ bending posture was the highest and followed by that at standing and one-leg-up, respectively. The back part of abdomen was pressured most at $90^{\circ}$ bending posture.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.391-398
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• 2014

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of gluteal taping on posture and balance during standing in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: The subjects of this study were 13 children (six females, seven males; mean aged 8.5) with hemiplegic CP who were gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) level I. The change of posture and balance during standing before and after gluteal taping were measured using inclinometer, gross motor function measure, and functional reaching test. The collected data were analyzed using the paired t-test. RESULTS: The results of this study were as follows : 1) There were statistically significant decrease in the ant. tilt angle of pelvis after gluteal taping in children with hemiplegic CP (p<.05). 2) There were statistically significant increase in functional reaching test after gluteal taping (p<.05). 3) There was no statistically significant difference in gross motor function measure, but significant increase in one leg standing was observed (p<.05). CONCLUSION: As the above results, we suggest that gluteal taping could be effective on improving body alignment and dynamic balance ability during standing in children with hemiplegic CP. Further studies will be required for the short and long term effects of gluteal taping on improving postural symmetry and balance.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2020

Purpose : The aim of this study was to assess the intra- and inter-rater reliability and validity of measurements of head, neck, and pelvis posture using a mobile application in subjects with forward head posture. Methods : Forty-eight volunteers (22 men, 26 women) participated in this study. Two raters independently examined whole body picture images in a lateral standing posture with arms crossed using a CA-Smart Posture Reminder (CA-SPR), and a rater took and calculated posture images twice to assess reliability. We measured five parameters: craniovertebral angle 1 (CVA1), anterior shoulder translation (AST), pelvic tilt (PT), knee angle (KA), and ankle angle (AA) in the subject's sagittal plane using CA-SPR. We examined whole spine X-ray images in the same position to assess validity. We measured four variables in the subjects: CVA2, translation distance (AHT), anterior pelvic plane (APP), and sacral slope (SS). The intra- and inter-rater reliability were calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Convergent validity was calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results : The intra-rater reliability (ICC=.889 -.989) and inter-rater reliability (ICC=.800 -.980) were excellent for all variables measured using CA-SPR. The variables measured using CA-SPR and X-ray were significantly positively correlated (r=.623, p<.01). However, the correlation of the variables in the pelvis was not statistically significant. Conclusion : This study shows that a mobile application (CA-SPR) is a useful tool for measuring head and neck posture in subjects with forward head posture. However, further study is needed to measure pelvic variables when using a mobile application.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2013

Background and purpose : The shoulder joints permit the greatest mobility of any joint area carries out the important function of stabilization for hand use. Research has now shown that grip strength has proven to be a reliable indicator for quality of life at an older age. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of testing posture and shoulder position on grip strength for repetitive gripping task. Methods : Forty(20male, 20female) college adult volunteers with no known shoulder dysfunction participated subject in two testing posture(sitting and standing) and three positions with shoulder flexion: (1) shoulder $0^{\circ}$ flexion (2) shoulder $90^{\circ}$ flexion (3) shoulder $180^{\circ}$ flexion. The paired t-test was used to determine any significant difference in grip strength between the testing posture and shoulder position. Results : The higher grip strength gained in the sitting with the shoulder $180^{\circ}$ flexion and the higher grip strength gained in the standing with the shoulder $180^{\circ}$ flexion. The second experiment showed that the grip strength was significant for sitting, standing position of shoulder $0^{\circ}$ flexion( p<0.05). Grip strength goes up as increase height and weight. Conclusion : These findings demonstrate that the theory does not fit with, because of the influence of gravity, a measure from the shoulder joint is the most high, $0^{\circ}$. And sitting posture and stance in the grip of a difference when compared SIT $0^{\circ}$ and standing position $0^{\circ}$ significant difference in indicated but, $90^{\circ}$ and $180^{\circ}$ in the sitting position and stance in the grip of the difference was not significant difference. To demonstrate the universality of this study's results, future studies should have a larger and more subject as well as a more even distribution of male and female subject. Therefore future research is needed to refine the definition and identify optimal methods of measuring this grip strength.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.125-129
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• 2001

날개가 없는 몇몇 절지동물들은 공중이동을 하기 위한 수단으로써 이륙행동 보이는 종들이 있다. 본고는 포식성 이리응애류중에서 이륙행동을 보이는 종(Neoseiulus fallacis (Carman)) 과 이륙행동은 보이지 않으나, 공중이동률이 높은 종(Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot),이륙행동이 없고 공중이동률이 중간치인 종(N. ca1ifornicus(McGregor))간에 공기역학적 측면에서 어떠한 메커니즘이 작용하는 지에 관한 연구이다. 위 종들의 도보이동 자세와 공주 이동 이륙행동 자세의 몸체의 수직적 위치, 몸체의 크기, 다리의 길이 등의 자료를 가지고 공기역학적 파라미터를 계산한 결과, P. persimilis는 도보이동 자세에서도 N. fallacis가 이륙행동을 보여야만 얻을 수 있는 양의 항력을 얻을 수 있음이 밝혀졌다. 이러한 관점에서 포식성 이리응애류의 이륙행동 진화에 대한 고찰하였다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.164-171
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine the immediate effects of wearing a foot-pressure-based insole (FPBI) on ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM), postural sway, and muscle activation in healthy individuals with genu varum. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: This study was conducted on thirteen adults, with six male and seven females subjects. The mean age was 24.08 years. Foot pressure was measured to apply the FPBI and the weight bearing lunge test was performed with the application of a flat insole (FI) and FPBI. Examination was randomly performed in four conditions to measure both postural sway and muscle activation. All participants applied both the FI and FPBI with four conditions. The four conditions were as follows: 1) Romberg test posture with eyes closed, 2) Romberg test posture with eyes opened, 3) dominant single leg standing with eyes opened, and 4) non-dominant single leg standing with eyes opened. Results: For ankle DFROM between the FI and FPBI, a significant increase was observed in both the dominant and non-dominant leg (p<0.05). For postural sway between the FI and FPBI in the Romberg test posture with eyes closed and dominant single leg standing with eyes opened conditions, a significant decrease was observed (p<0.05). However, the postural sway between FI and FPBI in the Romberg test posture with eyes opened and non-dominant single leg standing with eyes opened, no significant decrease was observed. Also, there were no significant effects on muscle activation between the application of the FI and FPBI. Conclusions: The result showed that FPBI immediately improved ankle DFROM and postural sway. It seems that FPBI may improve genu varum in healthy individuals with genu varum.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2016

In speed skiing, aerodynamic forces play an important role in determining performance of the skier. To predict aerodynamic effects of the posture of the skier on alpine downhill skiing, we constructed equation of motion of the skier and performed the corresponding CFD simulations. Comparing drag and lift of three different skier postures, it has been shown that drag decreases significantly by tucking upper body to lower body and stretching arms forward. Also, aerodynamic lift which worked as downforce in standing posture worked upward in tuck posture, reducing friction force between snow and ski. This indicates that tuck posture have advantages over standing posture in dual mechanism, namely by reducing drag and also increasing lift. By this two-dimensional initial study we could reveal the general tendency of the aerodynamic force over the skier's body. This study not only provides a theoretical foundation for the athletes to understand the aerodynamic effects of skier postures but also shed a light on towards more accurate and rational three-dimensional CFD simulation of skiers in the near future study.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.413-420
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to determine differences of balance performance to upright standing, forward bending posture, and sudden load during forward bending posture in subjects with and without a history of low back pain. A study was conducted on 8 subjects with low back pain and 13 healthy subjects. Dynamic Balance System was used to measure the postural sway index, left-right sway index, and anterior-posterior sway index on balance performance. There were no differences between subject groups on balance performance during upright standing. Balance performance was increased in forward bending posture and decreased in sudden load during forward bending posture in subjects with low back pain. These results suggest that subjects with low back pain demonstrated increased activity and decreased reaction times of trunk muscles.