• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2019

The modular apartment has been completed for the first time in Korea through the national research and development (R&D) project in December 2017, and 30 households moved in. Although conditions such as technicality and constructability have to be satisfied to adopt and spread the modular apartments in the future, economic feasibility is the most important factor among the conditions. The economic feasibility of modular apartments can be compared with that of existing reinforced concrete (RC) structure apartments. It is highly important to reduce the construction cost through standardization above all. The standardization refers to establishment of national design standards and principles, and it is important for manufacturers and building companies to comply with those standards and principles. The modular construction (MC) skill in Korea is at an early adoption stage and the MC market is not widely expanded yet. Thus, the application of the MC design, which is the basis of the standardization, has not been widely accepted. However, related R&D projects are now performing mainly by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport to promote modular apartments in recent years and the design standardization standard (draft) is now prepared to be notified as a result of the steady research. Furthermore, pilot complexes for demonstration purpose are under construction, starting from public rental apartments. Thus, MC method-applied public rental houses will be spread in near future. This study aims to investigate the current design status in the Ga-Yang Housing as a pilot modular complex to produce and supply more economical and efficient modular houses, and analyze the problems by comparing the design standardization standards with pre-notified design standardization standards and summarize the modifications between them thereby presenting foundational data for establishment of the design standardization in the modular business industry.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2010

It has applied the design method of face to face dimension, an MC (Modular Coordination) design method, at design steps of an apartment house for standardization of architecture. But It has been still using center line size. A construction limit isn't specific on these center line size, and dead space occurs with excessive gaps as size matching isn't performed well between structural sieve and parts. And above all, measurement before construction isn't to expect standardization, and to increase custom-made furniture. We investigate manufacture of a preferential domestic system kitchen and construction state, and we derive from a problem in viewpoints of standardization for this. And we utilized a reference plane, and we present construction document and design plan in order to solve these problems. And we analyze an effect got by application of the assembly basis aspect that we presented, and we can raise efficiency of standardization of housing and construction industry, and we light ultimately up.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2005

본 연구는 사용자 중심적 사고의 사회적 니즈에 대응하기 위한 방법으로 대두된 유니버설 디자인을 중심으로 디자인 표준화의 진행 동향에 대해 고찰하고, 도입 필요성에 대한 논의점을 제공한 것이다. 인간중심이자는 발상은 지나 온 산업사회에서의 경험과 자성을 통해 인간성의 매몰과 비인간화 경향을 극복하고, 보다 인간성의 함양과 인간의 자아실현을 위해 발현된 것이라 볼 수 있다. 오늘날의 표준화 의의는 품질 성능과 안전성이나 경제적 측면에 머물지 않고 인간의 다양성과 복지적인 시점에서의 배려가 요구되고 있으며, 디자이너들에게 중요한 단서나 지침을 제공해주는 기능이 주목되고 있다. 그동안 디자인 표준화는 자유로운 창의성에 제약이 된다는 디자인계의 우려 속에 표준화 도입에 대한 연구자들의 무관심으로 인해 디자인 관련 전반에 표준화 연구가 답보를 면치 못하고 있었다. 2001년 11월에 ISO/IEC Guide 71이 발행되면서 한국표준협회는 가이드를 내용 변경 없이 KS A ISO/IEC Guide71로서 제정하기에 이르렀으며, 기업 활동에 있어서 유니버설 디자인과 연동된 표준화의 진행은 점차 중요한 요인이 되어가고 있다. 그러나 규격화 또는 기준화에 의해 얻어지는 절대 다수를 위한 효용성과 호환성 등과 같은 이점은 크다 할 수 있으나, 유니버설디자인을 실현함에 있어서는 단지 표준화나 규준에 의거한 기준지상주의가 아닌, 사용자 체험과 니즈 그리고 인체특성과 불편요소 DB 등을 바탕으로 한 인간 중심의 디자인 마인드의 동반이 요구된다.

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2014

Multi water-loop system is the efficient customer centered facilities of water supply by utilizing the multi water resources. Multi water-loop system is divided into various types. The system is classified potable and non-potable type. Mostly, the potable type utilizes surface water and ground water. However, the non-potable type utilize the multi water resources, such as rain water, sea water, reclaimed water, etc. Selective intake is possible when characteristics of region, physiographic condition and purpose of use are considered. For instance, downtown type, new-city type, agriculture type, island type are available. For development and application of these multi water-loop system, standardization is needed. For standardization, several methods are given; design principles, selection and composition method of multi water-loop system structure, BIM/GIS application method, safety inspection method. Consequently, a road map of design standardization method can be established. In this road map, there are three parts for the standardization of multi water-loop system. Three parts are the considerations, base material and ways of standardization. Design standardization become close when this road map followed by someone who plan the multi water-loop system. In this way, loop system's development is more efficient and economic. In hereafter research, each type's characteristic will be analysed and standardization methods can be established.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.111-115
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• 2002

CAD System, which has been actively applied since late 80's, has become one of the most important tools in architectural design and has taken the central position in practical design processes. However, it is widely known that AutoCAD, the market-leading general-use CAD System, resulted in hindering the standardization of CAD System. This has been causing problems in communication among designers and inefficiency in their uses. The standardization in CAD System becomes an urgent issue. The study attempts to build up fundamental principles in standardization of CAD System, and to suggest a combinational model of international and domestic standards.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2008년 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.448-451
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• 2008

This study is under doing to suggest application manual using assembling reference plane design & standard finish material basis upon material classification code as a tool of a linkage between building design and construction standarization in order to enlarge the applicability of house building material that is produced by the module plant. We can say the goal of building standardization intend not only the improvement of construction productibility but also guarantee of subsequent performance through automatization basis upon informationalization of building design. For a etabilishing of this condition, it is neccessary to link the standardization's result of material--design--construction field. According to this neccessity, we are going to suggest information factor that can make relative business manager easily approach to the standardization practical task.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2010

Built-in wardrobe is constructing after ordering and making, because built-in wardrobe's size is fixed as housing measurement. It is hard to speak built-in wardrobe components of construction in these ways, and application of an MC (Modular Coordination) design system is meaningless too. And above all, measurement before construction isn't to expect standardization, and to increase custom-made furniture. So I suggest the standardization of built-in wardrobe utilizing standard last finish and reference plane in order to prevent an evil influence of built-in wardrobe's construction. And we utilized a reference plane, and we present construction document and design plan in order to solve these problems. The first stage, we investigate manufacture of a preferential domestic system kitchen and construction state, and we derive from a problem in viewpoints of standardization for this. And we analyze an effect got by application of the assembly basis aspect that we presented, and we can raise efficiency of standardization of housing and construction industry, and we light ultimately up. I will apply a standardization plan as above, and define that this assures a standardization of components and an economic effect.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2018

With the progress of national policy researches on the modular construction, many studies have been conducted regarding the standardization of interior building materials. However, studies on the standardization of exterior building materials are still insufficient, and there are no dedicated exterior materials for modular construction. In this regard, this study investigated the necessary of standardization through the analysis on 7 kinds of exterior materials used in general buildings and exterior building materials applied to modular apartment houses in order to establish design criteria for the standardization of dedicated modular exterior materials. Based on the analysis results, assembly reference plane in conjunction with inside dimensions was set, and panelizing standardized in five parts was proposed to solve the problem of low exterior material standardization rate. It also proposed elastic gasket and steel bracket details that can compensate for the fabrication errors of unit boxes and construction errors in stacking.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 1999

본 연구는 도형적 창의성을 요하는 전공분야의 대학생을 대상으로 제작된 창의력 검사지의 표준화의 준거를 제시하고자 하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 전국의 대학생을 학제별, 지역별, 학년별로 표집하여 방문 검사를 통하여 수집된 자료를 분석하여 표준화 준거를 제시하였다. 본 연구의 자료분석 절차로는 첫째, 문항의 양호 도를 밝히기 위하여 기초 통계 값, 문항-하위영역(요인)간 상관계수, 문항-전체검사간 상관계수를 측정하였고, 둘째, 척도의 양호 도를 밝히기 위하여 신뢰도 및 타당 도를 측정하였고, 셋째, 도구의 표준화를 자료를 통하여 분석하여 표준점수를 제시하였다. 양호도 분석 결과 본 검사지 구성의 3가지 요인(유창성, 융통성, 독창성)으로 도형적 창의력을 측정하기에 문제가 없으며, 표준화 분석에서 개인의 도형적 판단에 적합한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2016

PURPOSES: In this paper, the effectiveness of speed-maintained standardization in road geometry on environmental impact at a downward slope location, based on greenhouse gas (GHG) emission indicators, was studied. Specifically, the aim of this study was to ascertain whether speed-maintained standardization resulted in decreased $CO_2$ emissions as well as noise pollution, due to reduced vehicle speeds. METHODS : In this study, speed-maintained standardization in road geometry was proposed as a means to reduce vehicle speeds, with a view to reducing $CO_2$ emissions and noise pollution. This technique was applied at a downward slope location. The vehicle speeds, $CO_2$ emissions, and noise levels before and after application of speed-maintained standardization were compared. RESULTS: It was found that speed-maintained standardization was effective as a means to reduce speed, as well as $CO_2$ emissions and noise pollution. By applying speed-maintained standardization, it was confirmed that vehicle speeds were reduced consistently. As a result, $CO_2$ emissions and noise levels were decreased by 9% and 11%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS : This study confirmed that speed-maintained standardization in road geometry is effective in reducing vehicle speeds, $CO_2$ emissions, and noise levels. Moreover, there is further scope for the application of this method in the design of roads in urban and rural areas, as well as in the design of highways.