• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.39-51
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• 1998

The purpose of this study were to clarify the concepts, origin, and roles of standard, to diagnose the standard developed in contemporary family living, and to suggest desirable standard for effective home management. Five prevalent standards found in managing family resources were convenient-oriented standard, others-oriented standard, material-oriented standard, individual-oriented standard, and frugal-oriented standard. The changes of social and cultural environments and family resources affecting these standards and some problems resulted from these were discussed. Considering undesirable effect of old standards on resource management, family relationship, quality of life, and society in general, these old standards should be replaced by compromise convenient-oriented standard, self-oriented standard, being-oriented, joint-oriented standard, and new frugal-oriented standard. Some recommendations for future research, publicity, and policy were suggested.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.185-193
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• 2008

The Korean Government is regulating using traditional measures such as ‘pyeong' or ‘don' in commercial transactions not also as a standard but also as a subsidiarity since the first of July, 2007. However, contrary to our expectation, the measures ‘pyeong’ and ‘don’ are used in other forms because the living measures are convenient for our living and they have useful meanings. In this article, we propose an idea that makes the convenient living measures and the legal units coexist.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.448-467
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• 2017

Attention to living lifestyle shops covering with the wide product range including household items, interior decoration, and bedding have recently increased since consumers have been improving their standard of living and income levels and they are getting more interested in up-to-date trends of global living lifestyles. The purpose of this study is first, to analyze the market situation of living lifestyle shops using the case study method and second, to investigate consumer's store usage behavior, product purchase motives, and attitudes to the living lifestyle shops using the empirical study method. For an empirical study, the survey was conducted with 20s to 50s female respondents who have visited living lifestyle shops and a total of 227 responses were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. The results of this study were as follows. The most frequently visit store was MUJI and most of respondents tended to visit the store once a month and their interest and purchase items were household items. Only impulsive purchase motives among other motives of living lifestyle shops, such as others-oriented, situational, and reasonable motives, significantly had a positive effect on store attitudes toward living lifestyle shops. There were differences in purchasing items at living lifestyle shops depending on marriage status and occupation. Purchase motives of living lifestyle products were statistically influenced by demographic factors such as age, marriage status and income level, however store attitudes were not. The managerial implications for living lifestyle shops are discussed limitations and areas for future research as well.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.207-215
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• 2008

Modern people come to have high standard and variety need for the oneself expression these days. This phenomenon also, appears in the house space clearly. There are design characteristics in an element expressing a lifestyle and personality in the house space and a living room is the space that is important at time to do a design characteristics plan. Therefore, this study is going to analyze the design characteristics of the apartment house which is a representative house type these days. Concretely, there are design characteristics that a color, an Image, a style. This study used questionary survey from June 10, 2008 to July 9. The color analyzed a color and tone through a color palette of PCIS and the living room image used SD(semantic differential method) method by a concrete analysis method. The result of the analysis were as follows; 1) Various colors and tone were prefer in a house future than the house where lived in. 2) It was done prefer to 'comfort' image for the future living room image in the future but 'provocative' image and 'splendid' were not done a choice 3) A 'modern style' was done prefer to of with a house living room style in the future.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.133-144
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• 1997

Clothing is considered as a means of self-projection in the childhood and children show clear preference on their own favorite clothing on which their latent identity is reflected. Changing sex-role identity, in particular, in the modern complex society specially affects the clothing behavior of children. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clothing behavior of children in conjunction with sen-role identity and home environment variables. This study will provide fundamental information on the clothing behavior in the childhood and be of help in selecting appropriate clothing in accordance with the variation of sex-role identity. Necessary information for this study was obtained through a questionaire. 'Bem sex-role identity inventory' was used to investigate the effect of sex-role identity and the clothing behavior was studied in conjunction with the factors of conformity, dependence, aesthetics and interest. The subjects of investigation are composed of three hundred male and female elementary school students in the 5th and 6th grades. For the statistical analysis of the collected data, percentage(%), mean value(M), standard deviation(SD) and Pearson's correlation coefficient were calculated and t-test, $x^2$-test, and Duncan's multiple range test were performed. The results form this study are as follows : 1. Sex-role identity shows a little difference according to gender, order of a birth and standard of living. This small difference is shown to be statistically insignificant. 2. In clothing behavior in connection with the sex-role identity, statistically significant trend was not found in typical sex-role identity group. However, clothing behavior in modernistic sex-role identity group exhibits statistically significant results in the factors of dependence, aesthetics and interest at the level of P<.001. 3. As concerns the clothing behavior in connection with gender, boy students show statistically more significant tendency in aesthetics and interest than girls do. However, boy students show statistically more significant tendency in aesthetics than girls do in connection with the standard of living. Although the clothing behavior associated with the level of parents education, mother's age and existence of mother's job shows a little difference in mean values, statistically significant trend was not detected. 4. Clothing behavior of the children shows a meaningful correlation between the factors. 5. Through 3-dimensional variables analysis, it is found that there is no mutual interaction between gender, sex-role identity and standard of living on the clothing behavior. The results from MCA supplementary analysis reveal that there is difference according to the gender, sex-role identity and standard of living.

• Annals of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.308-312
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• 2022

Backgrounds/Aims: Although body surface area (BSA)-based standard liver volume (SLV) formulae have been used for living donor liver transplantation and hepatic resection, hemi-liver volume (HLV) is needed more frequently. HLV can be assessed using right or left portal vein diameter (RPVD or LPVD). The aim of this study was to validate the reliability of using portal vein diameter ratio (PVDR) for assessing HLV in living liver donors. Methods: This study included 92 living liver donors (59 males and 33 females) who underwent surgery between January 2020 and December 2020. Computed tomography (CT) images were used for measurements. Results: Mean age of donors was 35.5 ± 7.2 years. CT volumetry-measured total liver volume (TLV), right HLV, left HLV, and percentage of right HLV in TLV were 1,442.9 ± 314.2 mL, 931.5 ± 206.4 mL, 551.4 ± 126.5 mL, and 64.6% ± 3.6%, respectively. RPVD, LPVD, and main portal vein diameter were 12.2 ± 1.5 mm, 10.0 ± 1.3 mm, and 15.3 ± 1.7 mm, respectively (corresponding square values: 149.9 ± 36.9 mm², 101.5 ± 25.2 mm², and 237.2 ± 52.2 mm², respectively). The sum of RPVD2 and LPVD2 was 251.1 ± 56.9 mm². BSA-based SLV was 1,279.5 ± 188.7 mL (error rate: 9.1% ± 14.4%). SLV formula- and PVDR-based right HLV was 760.0 ± 130.7 mL (error rate: 16.2% ± 13.3%). Conclusions: Combining BSA-based SLV and PVDR appears to be a simple method to predict right or left HLV in living donors or split liver transplantation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.49-62
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• 2010

As people get aged, we need to pay more attention to the elderly living condition with respect to welfare policy. The present study focuses on housing condition of elderly people living in rural area, and analyzes its determinants, periodical difference, and regional disparities, incorporating an index of minimum housing standard. This study applies multi-level logit model that has a strong statistical advantage that can take random aspects of household and regional context into account. We found that married couple household, presence of economically-active family members, higher education, specialized profession, migration and higher level of land price tend to lower the probability of residing in substandard housings. We also found that housing conditions for elderly people prove to be different by regions and it is particularly noticeable in mountainous rural areas in Gyeongsangnam-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do with the poorest elderly housing conditions. Results also implies that housing welfare policies should be implemented differently considering the target groups based on regional differences. We conclude with some additional policy implications for the elderly living in rural areas.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.23-33
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• 2000

Up until the mid-90s, the housing market of Korea has been supplier-oriented with the constant shortage of housing supply. But today, with the surplus of supply over demand and ever-increasing competitiveness in the housing market, understanding consumers needs have become one of the keys to successful business. Consumers overall living standard have increased and they are now looking for better living environment. As a matter of course, there have been much studies focusing on the evaluation factors and consumers preferences of the living environment, somewhat overlooking the asset value of a residential property. Consumers see their house in terms of both a living space and an asset. Therefore, it is these two values altogether that influences the buying decision process of consumers. This study seeks to stress on the importance of the fact that it is both the living environment and asset value of a house that are considered in the buyers valuation of residential property. And the study suggests that influencing factors of housing attributes in the decision-making process of buyers be sub-categorized into two broad groups, value as a living space and value as an asset. This is to serve both the researcher in the academic field and marketers for better understanding of consumers needs and influencing factors of buyers valuation of housings vis-a-vis market.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.106-112
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• 1982

In this study was made a survey of the dietary habit with too many likes and dislikes (one-sided dietary habit) of first grade primary school children on 1098 primary school children, in an attempt to provide data for an efficient nutrition management for children. The results of the survey were interpreted in term of the standard of education and the state of employment of the children's mothers, the standard of living, sex, the number of sibling, the order of birth, whether or not living together with grandmother, and the breast feeding period. From the results of this study it seems that the overprotection by mothers leads the children to one-sided dietary habit. The mothers listed the lack of nutrition knowledge and the lack of efforts for meal management as major reasons for that they failed to help their children form a good dietary habits.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.12 no.34
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• pp.711-735
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• 1974

This paper aims at investigating the realities of puerperal period of Korean women, chiefly in the city of Seoul, on the basis of their living standard, schooling caree by age groups, to contribute to the improvement in health of mother and child. In this paper in which the writer, aming 492 women in Seoul a subject of this investigation and giving them 34 items of questionnaires, has studied their concern and practices to recover their health during a lying-in period, and drawn a conclusion as follows : Though their place of childbirth and food they take during the period are varied according to their standard of living, their practices and managements after parturition are true to the conventional usage which is far from modern scientific methods. Problems for the better management during puerperal period are : 1. to have expactent and nursing mothers better educated in their antenatal care ; 2. to let the family planners have more understanding about the problems of puerperal period ; 3. to make those who are concerned study on the problems interdependent between puerperal period and pregnancy and child birth.