• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.93-112
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• 2002

Recently, the number of the elderly has increased according to the improvement of socioeconomic status and the efficient medical care system. In spite of the development of medicine, the elderly suffers from the various health problems caused by weakness of musculoskeletal system, cardiopulmonary function and immunologic dysfunction. Regular rhythmic exercise program is known to be one of the effective tools to enhance the health condition in the elderly. However, there has been few studies to evaluate the comprehensive effects of rhythmic movement program on the elderly. This study was focused to evaluate the indices of cardiopulmonary function, life satisfaction, calcium, phosphorous, osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline which are the essential factors of health problems in the elderly women. Twenty six subjects, aged between 68 and 72, who can do the ordinary activities and do not have cardiovascular dysfunction and mental disorder, participated in this study. They were divided into two groups: 13 in the experimental group and 13 in the control group. The experimental group participated in the rhythmic movement program at the welfare center located in G-city. The program were consisted of three sessions a week during 10 weeks. Each session had three parts: warming up(10 minutes), main exercise(40 minutes), finishing(10 minutes). Heart rate, blood pressure and peripheral arterial oxygen saturation were measured for the evaluation of cardiopulmonary function. Serum calcium, phosphorous, osteocalcin and urine deoxypyridinoline were measured as the indices of bony metabolism. Data were analyzed with mean, standard deviation, $x^2$-test, t-test, paired t-test using SPSS PC+ program. The results of this study were as follows. 1) Heart rate of the experimental group showed significant decrease following the rhythmic movement program. Peripheral arterial oxygen saturation of the experimental group showed significant increase following the program. 2) The degree of life satisfaction of the experimental group showed significant increase following the program. 3) Calcium showed significant decrease following the program but remained within normal range. There was no significant difference of phosphorous between two groups. 4) Osteocalcin, the index of bone formation, showed no significant change following the program, but significant increase in the experimental group comparing with the control group. 5) Deoxypyridinoline, the index of bone resorption, in urine of the experimental group showed significant decrease following the program. In conclusion, the rhythmic exercise program in the elderly showed the improvement of physiologic function and favorable effects on life satisfaction and bony metabolism. According to the above results, the regular rhythmic movement program can be strongly recommended for the improvement of health in the elderly women.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.521-531
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between the state of dental health(number of natural teeth) and nutritional status of Korean elderly using Korean Dietary Reference Intakes, which was an objective standard for nutritional intake based on database of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, large scale of sample obtained by the government. Methods : Complex sampling procedure was used to analyze the fourth data(2007-2009) of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. When preparing planning file, the estimator of variance as a stratification variance (variance name : kstrata), population of survey unit as a cluster variance(variance name : PSU), and previous exam and nutritional related weighted as a weighted were analyzed by considering reproduced survey and nutritional related total weighted. Complex samples chi-square test was used to estimate the relation between number of natural teeth and inadequate intake and relation factors included in the model were analyzed by complex samples logistic regression analysis. Results : The group of edentulous had a higher risk to intake less nutrient, except calcium, riboflavin and vitamin C than recommended level comparing to reference group which had natural teeth more than 20(phosphate : OR=1.763; 95% CI=1.273-2.443, thiamine : OR=1.748; 95% CI=1.276-2.395, protein : OR=1.610; 95% CI=1.213-2.138). Conclusions : The number of teeth in Korean elderly over 65 years old had a relation with nutritional status in this investigation. Especially, intake level of nutrients was different between the edentulous group and the reference group. Therefore, dental health care is needed from young and middle age to keep health dental condition for through whole life as well as old age. Although the dental condition of the aged is not good, it is evitable to educate them about the relation between dental health and nutritional ingestion to take balanced nutrition, we think.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.82-95
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• 2003

Our health is intimately connected to the health of our environment. The contemporary world view which sees a radical distinction between humans as subjects and world as object can obscure our recognition of how much we rely on nature for health and survival. Indigenous traditions and contemporary scholars remind us that we live in a universe in which all things are connected, and in which nature continues to offer its gifts in co-creative partnership for the health and wellbeing of all. Living in awareness of our relationship with nature enables us to open more to the experience of nature's nurturing. Many complementary therapies derive from ancient practices that involve nature in healing partnership. Essential oils have been used for thousands of years. Hippocrates claimed that the way to health was through aromatic baths and massages. Much anecdotal evidence exists regarding aromatherapeutic positive effects on recipients. Aromatherapy is a branch of complementary or alternative therapy which is increasing in popularity, yet has scant scientific credibility. Aromatherapy should be defined as treatment using odors and practised as such. However, essential oils are usually used in conjunction with therapeutic massage and often combined with counselling of some kind. Aromatherapy complements and enhances the therapeutic powers of massage. Massage is one of the most wonderful ways to relax and is throughly beneficial to health. Massage can help unknot tense and aching muscles and other minor symptoms of stress, leaving patients fresh and energized. As the use of aromatherapy within a health care setting has grown so rapidly in recent years, and will continue to do so, the need for suitable training has become apparent. No health service can afford the risk of having staff who are inadequately trained in the practice of aromatherapy using essential oils incorrectly on those in a state of ill-health, especially if the essential oils used are not to a standard suitable for therapeutic use. Training to an acceptable level in aromatic therapy is essential for safety and effectiveness. Knowledge of the nature and make-up of essential oils, their effect on the body and the emotions, and how, when, and where to apply them is imperative in order for them to be beneficial to a patient's health. In order to achieve best practice, further research is necessary to explore the use of aromatherapy in the management of multiple disorder.

• 대한치위생과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of oral health education experience on needs for oral health education in children and adolescents in elementary and secondary schools. A self-administered survey was conducted on the students in elementary, middle and high schools located in the city of Mokpo, South Jeolla Province, from October 1 to 31, 2018. The data that were collected from 327 students were analyzed by SPSS 21.0. Statistical data on frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were obtained, and t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis were carried out. The findings of the study were as follows: First, the subjects got 2.25 on a three-point scale in self-rated oral health status. This score was above average, which indicated that the students thought they were in good oral health. As for problems with oral health, dental caries was given the highest score of 2.48 on a five-point scale, followed by oral malodor with 2.35. Second, the students who experienced oral health education accounted for 69.1 percent, and the students who felt the need for this education represented 82.6 percent. As for educational content desired, the biggest group of 57.8 percent hoped to learn about how to prevent and manage dental caries, and the second largest group of 17 percent wanted to learn about how to take care of oral health during orthodontic treatment. Third, as a result of investigating the state of oral health education by the grade of school, the elementary school students had more oral health education experience than the middle and high school students, and the middle school students placed the most importance on the necessity of oral health education. The differences were statistically significant. Fourth, as a result of analyzing the correlation between oral health education experience and the necessity of oral health education, the students who had more oral health education experience asked more for this education, which implies that there was a statistically significant positive correlation. The findings of the study ascertained that oral health education should be provided for students in childhood and adolescence to boost the level of their oral health knowledge and change their oral health attitude in a positive manner. If oral health practice programs that connect schools, local communities and families with one another are developed to guide the oral health behaviors of teenagers in the right direction, it will make a contribution to the promotion of oral health.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.25-40
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to identify the sleep/activity patterns of neonates and to provide a baseline data in developing an effective maternal-child nursing intervention strategies. The subjects of this study were 57 normal newborn babies from birth to 4 weeks of age, who visited the Postpartum Care Center and two General Hospitals and One Local clinic in Taejon. The data were collected from October 28th, 1999 to April 28th, 2000. The instrument used in this study was NCASA developed by Barnard and validated by the Academic Society of Parent-Child Health. The data were analyzed with the SPSS PC+ 7.5 for window program using means, standard deviation, one-way ANOVA. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The mean amount of daytime sleep was 7.45 hours, nighttime sleep was 4.27 hours, and the total daily sleep was 11.72 hours. The mean amount of longest sleep period was 4.32 hours. The mean regularity of daytime sleep was 35.55%, the nighttime sleep was 44.82%, and the total daily sleep was 39.02%. The mean frequency of nighttime awakenings was 2.44 times. 2. The mean amount of daytime awake periods was 8.54 hours, the nighttime awake periods was 3.72 hours, and the daily total awake periods was 12.27 hours. The mean amount of the longest awake period was 3.98 hours. 3. The mean frequency of daytime feeding was 5.18 times, the nighttime feeding was 2.50 times, and the total daily feeding was 7.49. The mean of regularity of total daily feeding was 61.34%. 4. According to an analysis of sleep patterns based on newborn's age, there were some statistically significant differences noted in the following factors ; amount of nighttime sleep (F=7.65, p=.002), longest sleep period(F=5.84, P=.006). 5. According to an analysis of activity patterns based on newborn's age, there were some statistically significant differences noted in the following factors ; amount of nighttime activity (F=7.64, P=.002), longest activity period (F=4.34, P=.020), frequency of nighttime feeding(F=3.89, p=.029), frequency of total daily feeding(F=3.76, P=.033), and regularity of daily feeding(F=4.66, P=.016). In conclusion, the newborn baby slept more during the daytime than nighttime and more active during the daytime. And there were some irregular sleep/activity pattern noted during 1 to 2 weeks of newborn baby. The results of this study will contribute to maternal-child health nursing practice and nursing research, and provide an information to parents about what to expect their newborn baby.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1493-1498
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• 2016

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide with a rising incidence rate in most countries. Considering the increase in life expectancy and change in lifestyle of Iranian women, this study investigated the age-adjusted trend of breast cancer incidence during 2000-2009 and predicted its incidence to 2020. Materials and Methods: The 1997 and 2006 census results were used for the projection of female population by age through the cohort-component method over the studied years. Data from the Iranian cancer registration system were used to calculate the annual incidence rate of breast cancer. The age-adjusted incidence rate was then calculated using the WHO standard population distribution. The five-year-age-specific incidence rates were also obtained for each year and future incidence was determined using the trend analysis method. Annual percentage change (APC) was calculated through the joinpoint regression method. Results: The bias adjusted incidence rate of breast cancer increased from 16.7 per 100,000 women in 2000 to 33.6 per 100,000 women in 2009. The incidence of breast cancer had a growing trend in almost all age groups above 30 years over the studied years. In this period, the age groups of 45-65 years had the highest incidence. Investigation into the joinpoint curve showed that the curve had a steep slope with an APC of 23.4% before the first joinpoint, but became milder after this. From 2005 to 2009, the APC was calculated as 2.7%, through which the incidence of breast cancer in 2020 was predicted as 63.0 per 100,000 women. Conclusions: The age-adjusted incidence rate of breast cancer continues to increas in Iranian women. It is predicted that this trend will continue until 2020. Therefore, it seems necessary to prioritize the prevention, control and care for breast cancer in Iran.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.207-215
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• 2019

본 연구는 뇌졸중 편마비 환자 12명을 대상으로 지팡이 높이에 따라 선 자세 시 양측 발의 압력, 보행 시 보행 속도의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 선 자세 시 발의 압력은 풋스캔(Foot scan system, 한국)을 사용하여 측정하였다. 보행 시 보행 속도 차이는 Optogait를 사용하여 측정하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 비 마비 측 발의 압력에서 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 높이, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 5cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 10cm 순으로 큰 값을 나타내었으며 유의한 차이가 있었다. 마비 측 발의 압력은 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 10cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 5cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 순으로 큰 값을 나타내었으며 유의한 차이가 있었다. 이는 지팡이 높이가 높을수록 마비측으로 무게중심이 이동하여 체중지지율이 높아진 것을 알 수 있었다. 보행 속도는 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 5cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 10cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 높이에서 미세한 차이는 보였으나 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이는 지팡이 높이가 보행 속도 능력을 변화시킬 만큼 크지 않았다는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 본 논문은 지팡이 높이가 뇌졸중 편마비 환자의 선 자세 시 체중지지율과 보행 시 보행 속도에 대해 알아보고자 하였으며, 차후 임상에서 뇌졸중 편마비 환자들의 지팡이를 적용한 선 자세 또는 보행을 위한 치료에서 지팡이 높이를 설정할 때 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제58권11호
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• pp.421-426
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• 2015

Purpose: The vancomycin dosage regimen is regularly modified according to the patient's glomerular filtration rate (GFR). In the present study, we aimed to assess the usefulness of serum cystatin C (Cys-C) concentration, compared with serum creatinine (SCr) concentration, for predicting vancomycin clearance (CLvcm) in neonates. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the laboratory data of 50 term neonates who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit and received intravenous vancomycin, and assessed the pharmacokinetic profiles. Creatinine clearance (CLcr) and GFR based on Cys-C (GFRcys-c) were estimated using the Schwartz and Larsson formulas, respectively. Results: The mean CLvcm (${\pm}$standard deviation) was $74.52{\pm}31.17L/hr$, the volume of distribution of vancomycin was $0.67{\pm}0.14L$, and vancomycin half-life was $9.16{\pm}17.42hours$. The SCr was $0.46{\pm}0.25mg/dL$ and serum Cys-C was $1.43{\pm}0.34mg/L$. The peak and trough concentrations of vancomycin were $24.65{\pm}14.84$ and $8.10{\pm}5.35mcg/mL$, respectively. The calculated GFR based on serum creatinine concentration (GFR-Cr) and GFRcys-c were $70.2{\pm}9.45$ and $63.6{\pm}30.18mL/min$, respectively. The correlation constant for CLvcm and the reciprocal of Cys-C (0.479, P=0.001) was significantly higher than that for CLvcm and the reciprocal of SCr (0.286, P=0.044). GFRcys-c was strongly correlated with CLvcm (P=0.001), and the correlation constant was significantly higher than that for CLvcm and CLcr (0.496, P=0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that only GFRcys-c was independently and positively correlated with CLvcm (F=41.9, P<0.001). Conclusion: The use of serum Cys-C as a marker of CLvcm could be beneficial for more reliable predictions of serum vancomycin concentrations, particularly in neonates.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2017

Purpose: This study reports the clinical features of infant, child, school aged and adolescent patients treated for acute poisoning in nationwide emergency departments (EDs). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data pertaining to patients under 19 years of age who were treated for acute poisoning in nationwide EDs from 2013 to 2015. The data were collected by the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS). All patients were divided into three groups: 'Infant and child group' (0 to 5 years), 'school age group' (6 to 12 years) and 'adolescent group' (13 to 18 years). General characteristics, Korea Standard Classification of Disease $7^{th}$ (KCD-7) codes and results of care were collected. Results: There were 14,500 pediatric poisoning cases during the study period. The distribution of patient age was bimodal with two peaks among infant, child and adolescent group. The proportion of alert mentality at the ED visit of the infant and child group was 99.3%, while that of the adolescent group was 86.4%. The proportion of intentional intoxication was higher in the adolescent group (40.7%) than other age groups. Among children less than 13 years of age, various poisonous substances and therapeutic drugs were common. Conclusion: There were some clinical differences in acute poisoning patients between age groups. It is necessary to establish a preventive plan considering characteristics by age. Since the KCD-7 code has limitations in analyzing the characteristics of poisoning patients, it is necessary to consider the registration system of poisoning patients.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2014

Compton suppression 장치는 Compton 산란 반응을 이용하여, 스펙트럼의 Compton continuum 부분을 억제함으로써 Compton continuum 영역 내에서의 감마선 피크들의 분석을 보다 명확하게 할 수 있게 해주는 장치이다. 표층토양 시료에서 검출된 인공 방사능인 $^{137}Cs$과 자연 방사능인 $^{40}K$핵종의 방사능 농도 값들에 대한 방사능 계수치가 백그라운드를 상회하는 측정값이 발생되거나, 불필요한 방해피크나 비해석 대상 피크에 대하여 검출된 표준선원의 방사능 농도 값들의 실측치에 대한 background를 비억제 스펙트럼(Compton Unsuppression)과 억제 스펙트럼(Compton suppression)을 적용시켜 측정 에너지에 대한 교정을 알고자 점선원인 $^{137}Cs$을 거리별에 따라 측정하여, 몬테칼로 시뮬레이션과 비교 분석함으로서 효율적인 검출 능력을 얻고자 함이며, Compton 억제 인자를 보면 거리가 멀어짐에 따라 CSF 값이 클수록 더 많은 Compton suppression가 이루어졌음을 알 수 있고, $^{137}Cs$을 이용한 컴프턴 비억제 모드와 억제모드로 측정된 스펙트럼에서 컴프턴 연속에 의한 백그라운드가 감소함을 알 수 있었다.