• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to grasp the effectiveness of evacuation safety design by verifying the appropriateness of the standard of occupant load factor for residential buildings. To this end, the definition and current standard of occupant load factor for residential buildings were analyzed, and the problems of the current standard were clarified by interviewing professionals. In addition, changes in occupant load factor were examined by year based on statistical research, and evaluation on the current standard $18.6m^2/pers.$ was performed. As for evaluation methods, the need of redesigning of evacuation capacity was investigated by using evacuation simulation. As a result of the analysis, the most serious problem was clarification of the applicable standard for residential officetel, where the average occupant load factor was $26.1m^2/pers.$, which was not appropriate. However, as a result of evaluation on evacuation capacity, although there was no difference between statistical research results and the current standard in terms of evacuation capacity, when the standard for business facilities was applied to officetel, evacuation time doubled. Thus, this study suggests that when the current standard is applied to residential officetel, it is necessary to separate between residential use and business use.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore health care workers awareness and performance of standard precautions. Methods: Participants were 296 health care workers including nurses, physicians, and medical technicians. Awareness and performance of standard precautions were measured with 4-point Likert scales. The data were analyzed with t-tests and one-way ANOVA by using SPSS 18.0. Results: The mean scores of awareness were 3.72 in nurses, 3.62 in physicians, and 3.47 in medical technicians. There was a significant difference of awareness by occupational classification (F=12.39, p<.001). The mean scores of performance of standard precautions were 3.45 in nurses, 3.19 in physicians, and 3.23 in medical technicians. There was a significant difference of performance by occupational classification (F=10.98, p<.001). In addition, the score of performance of standard precautions was significantly lower than that of awareness (t=11.89, p<.001). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that awareness and performance of standard precautions were different by occupational classification. To improve performance of standard precautions in hospitals, it is necessary to provide a distinct infection control program by occupational classification.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1117-1126
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• 2013

The standard impact sources, standardized to rate the sound insulation performance of floor structure, should simulate well the real floor impact sources, which is very important to grade the floor structure then to establish counter plan to improve the performance of floor. Recently the tire, the standard heavyweight impact source, has been discussed that the impact force is too big to represent the real impact force. And researches have been carried on the applicability as a substitute or a supplementary. In addition, tapping machine, the standard lightweight impact source, is also questionable if it is representative of real lightweight impact source. This study aims to examine the similarity of standard impact sources with living impact sources, comparing the physical characteristics such as impact force, frequency contents and sound level. The result showed that the physical characteristics of standard impact sounds were somewhat different with that of living impact sounds, and the standard sources couldn't be verified from this result. Later subjective evaluation should be followed to compare how the physical differences make relationship with the subjective differences.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.302-308
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• 2021

Developers generally use test standards suggested by military standards such as MIL-STD-810G when performing vibration tests in the materiel development. However, according to MIL-STD-810G, it is recommended to test by tailoring the test standard suitable for the developed materiel, and it is specified to apply the suggested test standard only when there is difficulty in tailoring. In addition, the test standards presented by MIL-STD-810G are standards created under operating conditions different from the actual operating environment of each developed materiel, so the test according to this standard may be excessive or understated. Therefore, the developer must create an appropriate vibration test standard for the developed materiel as similar to the operating conditions as possible. In this paper, the procedure for creating the functional test standard and durability test standard suitable for the operating environment of the equipment to be mounted on the propeller aircraft under development is described, and the created standard is introduced.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to propose the optimal blending ratio of honey, dextrose syrup and salt with regard to the amount of soybean powder for the manufacture of soybean Dasik. For the establishment of addition amount of honey, dextrose syrup and salt, the sensory characteristics were compared in relation to the physiochemical characteristics and color values. The results were summarized as follows: Soybean Dasik contained 16.77 % protein. As the results of sensory evaluation in according to color values, taste and moistness, the optimal blending ratio of honey and dextrose syrup was 80~90%, and that of salt 0.06% in proportion to the total weight of soybean powder. As the test results of mechanical characteristics, hardness of soybean Dasik decreased as the increasing of the addition amount of honey and dextrose syrup. Cohesiveness, gumminess, brittleness and springiness did not show any significant differences statistically. Lightness(L) decreased as the increasing of addition amount of honey and dextrose syrup. Redness(a) was high at the 90% addition level, but yellowness(b) not significantly different at the 70, 80 and 90% level of honey and dextrose syrup to the total weight of soybean powder. Therefore, the optimal blending ratio of soybean Dasik was proposed at the levels of 45% honey, 45% dextrose syrup and 0.06% salt to the total weight of soybean powder.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.39-81
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• 2018

본 연구는 비정규직 근로자가 노동시장에서 사용자와 자발적 계약에 의한 매칭이 실현되는가에 주목하고 기업규모별로 입지가 다른 상황을 고려하여 비자발적 선택 요인을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 노동이동에 관한 push/pull 이론 하에서 자발적/비자발적 비정규직으로 분류하였다. 2016년 8월 경활 부가조사에 의하면 기업규모가 작아질수록 비자발적 비정규직의 비중이 자발적 비정규직보다 더 크게 나타났다. 실증분석 결과, 대기업에서의 비정규직은 자발과 비자발로 구분하는 것이 의미를 갖지 못하였다. 이에 비해 중소기업과 영세기업에서는 장년층, 저학력일수록 비자발적 선택 가능성이 증가하였고 영세기업에 비자발적으로 입직할 유인이 중소기업보다 크게 나타났다. 그러므로 비정규직에 관한 정책을 마련함에 있어서 우선적으로 2차 노동시장의 비자발적 비정규직을 정책 대상으로 삼고, 비자발적 선택 이유가 되는 보상, 전공 경력의 미스매칭 문제에 주목할 필요가 있다. 중소 영세기업의 급여 및 근로조건 개선뿐만 아니라 직무능력 및 경력에 맞는 일자리 정보를 제공하는 고용서비스 시스템이 확충되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.623-644
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• 2014

초등수학의 덧셈과 뺄셈 지도에서 학생들로 하여금 표준 알고리즘과 함께 대안적인 계산방법을 경험하도록 하는 것은 수학교육의 다양한 측면에서 옹호되고 있다. 우리나라의 초등 수학 교과서에서도 여러 가지 방법으로의 덧셈과 뺄셈을 차시 내용으로 담고 있고, 특히 2009 개정 교육과정에 따른 2학년 수학 교과서의 초판본과 수정본에서 주목되는 학습 계열상의 변화는 표준 알고리즘과 대안적 방법의 지도 순서 및 목표에 대한 논의의 필요성을 야기한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 덧셈과 뺄셈의 표준알고리즘 외의 대안적 방법을 다루는 목적을 검토하고 지도 방법과 순서에 대한 함의점을 도출하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 관련 문헌 및 교육과정과 교과서를 분석하고, 초등학교 2, 3학년의 관련 수업을 관찰하고 교사 면담을 실시하였다. 수업관찰 및 학생들이 고안한 대안적 계산방법으로부터 학생 활동의 특성, 교사의 교수학적 특성에 대한 분석 결과와 그에 대한 교수학적 논의를 포함한다.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.203-208
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• 2008

The purpose of the study is to establish the concept of residential standard, and at the same time to investigate the area of the minimum residential standard in the countries of the world through the preceding studies. In addition, it also aims at establishing the objective residential standard by comparing the residential standard of Korea with that of foreign countries, examining the problems and finding out the matters to be improved through the comparison of the residential standard in advanced countries with the minimum residential standard of Korea. The standard residential area, derived from the process of examining the minimum residential standard, will be used as the basic material for the calculation of the reasonable area in the surface plan for the study of low-cost housing development. The method of the study is to establish the concept of residential standard and at the same time to find out the problems in the minimum residential standard of Korea and improvement methods through the comparison of the residential standards in other countries. As the result of the studies focused on the area among the residential standards, it is found out that the Korea's residential area per capita is established as the least in comparison with that of advanced countries. The real area decided depending on the size of social space suitable for living can play a role in improving the degree of satisfaction in the person's living in the residential area. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to make a depth study on the surface area of the minimum residential standard, and it is also required to propose the residential standard and directions for the improvement of the qualitative level rather the quantitative expansion of residential structures.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2005

Uncertainty introduced by a cross-correlation algorithm based on FFT has been investigated using PIV standard images. The standard images were generated by the Monte Carlo simulation method. Both bias and random errors from the velocity vector have been analyzed with regard to the particle diameter, displacement, and the number of particles. The uncertainty of velocity is evaluated based upon the IS0/IEC standard. As a result, a total error of $0.26\%$ is included in the PIV cross-correlation algorithm. In addition, the uncertainty budget is presented, where the effect of the above three variables is examined. According to the budget, the variation of the number of particles within the interrogation window mainly contributes to the combined standard uncertainty of the real measured velocity field when excluding the effect of errors by the experiments itself. Finally, the expanded uncertainty is found to be about $12\%$ at the $95\%$ confidence level.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.259-267
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• 2002

NFPA-803 has been referred as the Fire Protection Standard at the Nuclear Power Plants of Pressurized Water Reactor. This Standard has been used as the fire protection regulation, containing prescriptive requirements with deterministic methodology. Recently, with cumulative efforts by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and Utilities in America to establish a new Standard, including a quantitative evaluation methodology, NFPA-805, the Performance-Based Standard for FIRE Protection for Light Water Reactor Electric Generating Plants was issued and approved by the American National Standards Institute as an American National Standard with an effective date of February 9, 2001. This paper presents an analysis result from the computer modeling for the fire simulation In addition, it proposes the idea that this kind of analytic method can be available for the facilities design of fire prevention and protection fields, as well as an evaluation for the fire suppression system with a quantitative analysis for the thermal phenomena in fire compartments in Nuclear Power Plants.