• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.85-90
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• 2010

The study set up the models of a general standard apartment house and a super high-rise standard apartment house, which were based on the 5 floor plans of the assessment reference houses of the "green homes" provided by the government; such main construction materials as to account for more than 80% of the entire amount of $CO_2$ emission in a construction work were selected; a database was built up for evaluating the environmental loads of the main materials according to the house types that were different from each other in area, block type, combination of living units or floor; and using the database, an attempt was made to develop the technology to assess $CO_2$ emission from the production of construction materials used in the stage of construction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2000.06a
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• pp.1741-1746
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• 2000

Recently the impact sound insulation performance is regarded as one of the most important factor in determining the quality of apartment house. So many studies were carried out to improve these performance and to propose an appropriate evaluation method and standard of floor impact sound insulation for apartment house by psycho-acoustic method in the laboratory. This study was carried out the field psycho-acoustic test to find a correlation between physically measured values and psychological response in apartment house, and the results will be used to establish the appropriate evaluation method and standard of floor impact sound insulation.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.89-97
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• 2006

Our Housing culture continuously changes for the correspondence to social development and changes of economy, and be developing. A massive apartment complex continuously increased, and According to this in our country heating energy consumption of a residential building is continuously increasing at country me whom was limited in order to raise efficient residential land use and diffusion ratio of house. If confirm an element to be able to reduce use of a heating energy, and there is saving possibility to parts of energy saving, this study will present the standard amount used with bases to the gas amount used for heating and Field Test data about room temperature. Execute simulation with building balance (public area, a plain), the gas amount useds such as incense of a building, indoor setting temperature ($^{\circ}C$), a position of an apartment house etc. to affect the energy amount used of a valuation object building of a variable through Field Test and research on the actual condition. Calculate the standard amount used of city gas for winter season heating of a comparative analysis apartment house to data value getting the above results through Field Test and simulations with bases.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.4 s.57
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• pp.129-137
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of living factors on TVOC(Total Volatile Organic Compounds) concentrations and personal factors to reduce the Sick House Syndrome for newly-built apartments. The field measurements of TVOC concentrations were made totally 30 times(5 times per one subject house) in six apartment units in which residents recently moved. Those apartments authorized its business approval before May 2004, the Act of Indoor Air Quality Management for multi-use facilities. The Questionnaire surveys of residents' subjective responses on the Sick House Syndrome were carried out in 2nd measurement of each house. Respondents consisted of 20 residents living in the measured houses. The findings were as follows: The TVOC concentrations of the measured subject apartments ranged from about 1/10 of the recommended standard for multi-use facilities($400{\mu}g/m^3$) to up to 90 times as high as the standard. Since then, the Recommended Standard of Indoor Air Quality Management for newly-built apartment house was announced in December 2005. In accordance with this standard($2390{\mu}g/m^3$) it ranged from about 1/100 to up to 15 times as high as the standard. The subject house whose TVOC concentrations reduced below the recommendation standard in the shortest period had the largest amount of ventilation (all the windows were open for ventilation in the past three months) among all measured houses. The reason of another house whose TVOC concentrations were much higher than the rest was fronted with new furniture in the room. There turned out to be no apparent relations between the TVOC concentrations and the residents' individual responses of Sick House Syndrome. The responses were serious in those who stayed in their new houses for a long period or had disease like allergy. It's recommended that they should open all the windows for at least three months for ventilation in newly-built houses, and it would be better to avoid remodeling than needs be.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.102-113
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• 2009

When planning and promoting apartment house development project, it is very important to carry on profitability in planning stage through realistic evaluation and analysis about distributability. Especially, the analysis about project feasibility through forecasting the early distribute rate is crucial stage because it could evaluate overall expecting benefit and feasibility of the project. However, researches and studies related with forecasting profitability and distributabilty of construction development project are insufficient. Also there is a big gap of the standard for evaluating early distribute rate between government and individual corporations. So it is necessary to study about the evaluating early distribute rate. In this point, this study aims to present effective evaluating standard(criteria) which is for forecasting profitability and distribute rate through analyzing various factors and weight of apartment house development projects. This study compared and analyzed examples of the real initial rate of private apartment sale based on the government estimated standard. Among estimated index, omitted items and factors to be additionally considered are combined as 33 detail appraisal contents of 4 parts 9 items by allotting them based on the data about priority of all considered factors.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.39-46
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to recognize the need of three generation family house that is traditional house type of Korea. First, the pre-research analysis method was used for this study. And then, there are three type's grouping like those are as follows; 1) Recognition of three generation family house. 2) Type of three generation family house. 3) Plans of three generation family house. The analysis results are as follows; If the conditions are better than now, recognition is positive. Type are living together and next doors type can direct access. Some standart plan is been about room's number, house's area, bath's number and so on. Second, try to compare plan - this plan already has been used building - with standard plan. The compare result are as follows; three generation family houses - be used by whom - do not apply to standard plan. Almost houses have a three room that is less than the standard plan. All houses have a number of two bath that is less than the standard plan too. Condition of consideration is suitable to ages in next door type, but in case of living together type that consider user whom is use the inner room. Separation of entrance distinguish between the living together type and the next doors type. In case of living together type Dining with Kitchen room's number is one, but the next doors type have the number of two.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.397-402
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• 2008

For the past years, Korean Housing policy have been focused on quantity rather then quality, when they provide housing. Focusing great quantity on housing led monolithic and standardized house forms in limited area. Most of our traditional residental environment, which made Koreans to communicate with neighbors, disappeared from the result of providing great quantity on housing. However, the increase of the income and standard of living, changed people's view. People start to demand for the place which is commodious and comfortable to live. Moreover, more leisure time caused people to communicate with their neighbors. To meet the demands of new forms of housing, they started to provide a community space to increase sense of belonging and community spirit for the residents in apartment house. The forms of past house which is defined by uniformity is delivered from rational thoughts. People can get emotional satisfaction from Community space because it provides opportunity of communicating and increase community spirit. This research is to classify the emotional expression in Community space and analyze the elements that is expressed in community space of apartment house.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.25-35
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• 2009

This study is planning improvement of welfare facilities about the hall for the aged in apartment housing. An apartment house, famous residential type in Korea, put an important value on its convenience and economical efficiency of furniture arrangement by maximizing floor space index. In this regard, leisure usage of house was not carefully considered for the aged people. To redefine the efficiency of welfare facilities, research mainly deals with analysis of realistic needs for the aged through the spot survey and interview. The main purpose of this study is to enhance the quality of welfare facilities and propose the improved welfare facilities for the aged people. Through the research, conclusions are as followed First, Facility standard and provisions of the law should be revised for considering population growth of the aged people. Second, there are 4 plan types in the hall for the aged. Contrary to our expectation, diversity of program was not found however various program planning is needed for considering its different types of plan. Third, according to regulation, space restriction is based on the number of households. Therefore, room and space standard does not depend on the number of people. From now on, in order to improve quality of welfare facilities of the aged, revision of laws and overall facility standard should be implemented in advance.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.223-232
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the supply status and planning trend of North Korean housing through analysis on the North Korean architecture specialized media data. The flat composition is changing and the living room is becoming the center of the houses. Also, in the urban areas, the standard apartment type is four apartments in a row and the plan form is getting diversified into circle type, Y type, and irregular type. On the other hand, in the rural areas, two houses in a row and single house are typical and the change in planning scale and space structure are not substantial. Since the 2000s, design changes have been made to emphasize the third dimensional structure of buildings such as the elliptical houses and L-shaped houses. Furthermore, 8~10 households are located on one floor which leads to the tendency of the building enlargement. In terms of house size, a square concept was introduced to replace the initial 2~3 room concept and the basic module of the room planning the 3 room house based on $3m{\times}3m$. However, there seems to be no standard house size, and the house size may differ depending on the social classandregion. In the early 1980s, when there was focus on the apartment complex construction, the high-rise apartment buildings of 30~40 floors was planned. However, during the Pyongyang redevelopment project, apartments of more or less than 10 floors were built and row-houses of more or less than 4 floors were built. In terms of the complex scale, a lot of small complexes of around 300 households are emerging after 2010. The construction projects are mainly limited to specific regions such as Pyongyang and Samjiyeon, and also limited to specific classes such as the workers and soldiers initially and the scientists lately. In addition, living boundary composition and ancillary facilities for sufficient green area ratio securement and the people of North Korea are maintained consistently. In recent years, the specialized floor planning such as solar house and the house for the disabled people, framework houses for redevelopment business, and multi-storied house construction technology are also emerging.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.345-348
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• 2005

The method of measurement for field tests on noise emission from water closet in bathroom of apartment house. This part of standard gives detailed descriptions for field tests on noise emission from water closet in bathroom. The measuring position have to investigated measuring for emission noise.