• 제목/요약/키워드: Standard Angle-of-view

검색결과 38건 처리시간 0.023초

3차원 체적 모델의 생성을 위한 색상 최적화 함수 기반의 조명 보상 기법 (A New Illumination Compensation Method based on Color Optimization Function for Generating 3D Volumetric Model)

  • 박병서;김경진;김동욱;서영호
    • 방송공학회논문지
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.598-608
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    • 2020
  • 본 논문에서는 실사 3차원 모델 생성용 다시점 카메라 시스템을 통해 획득된 영상에 대한 조명 보상 기법을 제안하고자 한다. 3차원 체적에 대한 촬영은 실내에서 이루어지고 시간에 따른 조명의 위치와 강도는 일정하다고 가정한다. 다시점 카메라는 총 8대를 사용하고, 공간의 중심을 향해서 수렴하는 형태이므로 조명이 일정하다고 할지라도 각 카메라에 입사되는 빛의 강도 및 각도는 다르다. 따라서 모든 카메라는 색상 보정 차트를 촬영하고, 색상 최적화 함수를 이용하여 획득된 8개의 영상 사이의 관계를 정의하는 색상 변환 매트릭스를 획득한다. 이것을 이용하여 색상 보정 차트를 기준으로 모든 카메라로부터 입력되는 영상을 보정한다. 본 논문은 3차원 객체를 8대의 카메라를 이용해 영상 취득할 시 카메라 간의 색차를 최소화하기 위한 컬러 보정 방법을 제안한 것으로 3차원 영상으로 복원 시 영상 간의 색차가 줄어드는 것을 실험적으로 증명하였다.

Power Current Control of a Resonant Vibratory Conveyor Having Electromagnetic Drive

  • Despotovic, Zeljko V.;Ribic, Aleksandar I.;Sinik, Vladimir M.
    • Journal of Power Electronics
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.677-688
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    • 2012
  • The vibratory conveyors with electromagnetic drive are used for performing gravimetric flow of granular materials in processing industry. By realizing free vibrations of variable intensity and frequency over a wide range through application of the electromagnetic actuator, suitable power converter, and the corresponding controller, continuous conveyance of granular materials have been provided for various operating conditions. Standard power output stages intended for control of vibratory conveyance using thyristors and triacs. Phase angle control can only accomplish tuning of amplitude oscillations, but oscillation frequency cannot be adjusted by these converters. Application of current controlled transistor converters enables accomplishing the amplitude and/or frequency control. Their use implies the excitation of a vibratory conveyor independent of the supply network frequency. In addition, the frequency control ensures operation in the region of mechanical resonance. Operation in this region is favourable from the energy point of view, since it requires minimal energy consumption. The paper presents a possible solution and advantages of the amplitude-frequency control of vibratory conveyors by means of a current controlled power converter.

Effect of Preoperative Nasal Retainer on Nasal Growth in Patients with Bilateral Incomplete Cleft Lip: A 3-Year Follow-Up Study

  • Kim, Young Chul;Jeong, Woo Shik;Oh, Tae Suk;Choi, Jong Woo;Koh, Kyung S.
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • 제44권5호
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    • pp.400-406
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    • 2017
  • Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in nasal growth after the implementation of a preoperative nasal retainer in patients with bilateral incomplete cleft lip. Methods Twenty-six infants with bilateral incomplete cleft lip and cleft palate were included in the study. A preoperative nasal retainer was applied in 5 patients from the time of birth to 2.6-3.5 months before primary cheiloplasty. Twenty-one patients who were treated without a preoperative nasal retainer were placed in the control group. Standard frontal, basal, and lateral view photographs were taken 3 weeks before cheiloplasty, immediately after cheiloplasty, and at the 1- and 3-year postoperative follow-up visits. The columella and nasal growth ratio and nasolabial angle were indirectly measured using photographic anthropometry. Results The ratio of columella length to nasal tip protrusion significantly increased after the implementation of a preoperative nasal retainer compared to the control group for up to 3 years postoperatively (P<0.01 for all time points). The ratios of nasal width to facial width, nasal width to intercanthal distance, columellar width to nasal width, and the nasolabial angle, for the two groups were not significantly different at any time point. Conclusions Implementation of a preoperative nasal retainer provided significant advantages for achieving columellar elongation for up to 3 years postoperatively. It is a simple, reasonable option for correcting nostril shape, preventing deformities, and guiding development of facial structures.

수치해석을 통한 자동차 전면유리 제상성능 제어인자 연구 (Numerical Study on Control Factors of Defrosting Performance for Automobile Windshield Glass in Winter)

  • 윤영묵;;이금배;전용두
    • 설비공학논문집
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    • 제20권12호
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    • pp.789-794
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    • 2008
  • Recently, much attention has been paid in the field of defrosting because clear windshield in vehicle without effecting the thermal comfort is realized essentially. Then in winter, defrosting performance is one of the important factors in vehicle design to make certain driver's view. In this study, the velocity profile, temperature distribution and frost melting pattern on the windshield screen have been predicted in three dimensional geometry of an automobile interior. Numerical analyses predict a detailed description of fluid flow and temperature patterns on the inside windshield screen, utilizing the flow through defroster nozzle. Numerical prediction established a good defrosting performance with the standard distance ratio and the defroster nozzle angle ranging from $30^{\circ}$ to $40^{\circ}$, which satisfy the condition of National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) completely.

Comparison of Avatar Posture Formation According to 3D Virtual Garment Modeling Programs -Focusing on Cycling Movements of High-School Male Cyclist-

  • Park, Hyunjeong;Do, Wolhee
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제45권6호
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    • pp.965-977
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    • 2021
  • The study aimed to analyze the functional differences in 3D virtual garment programs and compare body scan data with the corresponding 3D virtual models. We selected 3D virtual garment programs, formed virtual models in a representative size for high-school male cyclists, and analyzed them using the Design-X program. The results were as follows. In the 3D virtual garment programs, the anthropometric items for virtual model forming differed significantly from the standard anthropometric items suggested by Size Korea. Comparing the lower body scan data and virtual models formed by the 3D virtual garment programs, the biggest difference was in the shapes of the waist and hips, i.e., the flatness values of the waist and hips were different for each program in the cross-section view. In the lower body, a data-input-based program was needed for changing the exact measurement position of the waist circumference and hips' shape in detail. If a 3D virtual garment program provides functions for the virtual model's joint angle input and free motion transformation, it is expected to be widely used in the sportswear industry.

견사 Lousiness에 대한 연구 (I) (Study of silk lousiness (I))

  • 최병희;김낙정;박광의;남중희
    • 한국잠사곤충학회지
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    • 제3권
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 1963
  • 본 실험은 견직물 Lousiness의 가시조건을 세우고 잠견 Lousiness 검사를 초제련에 의하여 새로운 검사기준을 규정하는 동시에 견사선해부관찰로서 Lousiness 근절가능성과 잠견 Lousiness의 개선여부를 검사하는 데 목적이 있으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 직물섬유방향이 광선방향과 평면도입장에서 일치할 때 가장 잘 보인다. 그러나 광선방향과 섬유방향의 평면 각도가 커질수록 Lousiness 출현이 감소하고 어느 한계각(30도)을 초과하면 Lousiness가 보이지 않는다. 이 각도를 Lousiness 수평임계각(Lousiness Horizontal Critical Angle)이라고 명명하였다. 2. 광선의 대직물입사각도가 6도일 때 가장 잘 보이고 입사각도가 커짐에 따라 Lousiness 출현정도가 감소하고 역시 어느 한계각도(45도)를 초과하면 Lousiness가 보이지 않는다. 이 때의 한계각도를 Lousiness 수직임계각(Lousiness Vertical Critical Angle)이라고 명명하였다. 3. 직물조직으로서는 평직이 Lousiness 출현도가 가장 적고, 능직, 및 교직은그의 출현도가 크다. 4. Lousiness를 3가지로 대별하고 일반세섬유형을 Lousiness A, 집단형을 Lousiness B, glucose 형을 Lousiness C로 명명하였으며, 평점에 필요한 표준사진을 작성하였다. 5. 초정련방법으로서 8시간이 적당하였다. 6. 주섬유와 세섬유의 직경차가 클수록 Lousiness 발생이 심하며 일반 Lousiness는 주견단계의 1/4∼1/5의 직경이었다. 7. 견부위별로는 견양단부견층부위별로는 중층에 Lousiness가 많았는데 이것은 토계영견중의 견사긴완차에 기인한다. 8. 자웅간에는 자견이 웅견보다 Lousiness가 많았다. 9. 견사선해부로서 정상견사선에도 세섬유화할 가능성이 있음을 구명하였고, 여러 가지 이상견사선으로 Lousiness가 발생하게 되는 소인이 있음을 알았다. 또 Lousiness의 품종도태로 인한 개선은 이상견사선제거로 어느 정도 가능할 뿐이다. 10. 도태후 차대견계는 초정련법으로 도태한 바 많은 효과를 얻었다.

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경사모세관법(傾斜毛細管法)에 의한 산양혈액(山羊血液)의 적혈구침강율(赤血球沈降率) 측정(測定) (Angled Capillary Method for Determining Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate of Goat)

  • 신성식;이방환;신종욱
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.187-194
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    • 1986
  • The purpose of this study is to develop a new method which enables the goat ESR to be used as an effective clinical test. Blood samples were taken from 61 Korean native goats aged above one year old and the effect of tube inclinations, tube bores, tube lengths, environmental temperatures during tests and packed erythrocyte volumes (PCV) on the ESR were observed. The results were summarized as follows. 1. The ESR/hr using capillary hematocrit tube (Micro-Ht-tube) was gradually increased as the tube angle inclined from 90 (vertical) to 15 degrees and the best angle in view of both security and fast sedimentation rate was found to be an angle of 45 degrees. 2. The 45-degree angled ESR ($45^{\circ}$-ESR) increased as the diameter of tube bore decreased. 3. The tube length did not affect the $45^{\circ}$-ESR in percent. 4. The $45^{\circ}$-ESR increased with the increased environmental temperature during the ESR test. 5. The heparinized Micro-Ht tubes did not affect the $45^{\circ}$-ESR of EDTA-blood in healthy group but in anemic group. In the anemic group, the ESRs by the heparinized Micro-Ht-tubes were slightly higher than those by non-heparinized Micro-Ht-tubes. 6. By using the autologous plasma, PCV of the blood was adjusted to be 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50ml/100ml and $45^{\circ}$-ESRs were determined in the Micro-Ht-tubes. The $45^{\circ}$-ESRs increased as the values of PCV decreased. The regression of the $45^{\circ}ESR$ to PCV was curvilinear with the second degree polynomial, $Y=42.1838-1.7355X+0.0180X^2$(r=0.9997). 7. The $45^{\circ}$-ESR/hr, using non-heparinized Micro-Ht-tubes at $20^{\circ}C$, was determined in 35 healthy Korean native goats. The average PCV was $30.6{\pm}1.4ml/100ml$. The observed ESR values averaged $6.8{\pm}1.7%$ and the corrected ESR values to the standard PCV of 31ml/100ml averaged $6.5{\pm}1.2%$. From these results, the angled capillary tube method was found to be desirable ESR test of goat blood in which EDTA-blood is filled in nonheparinized Micro-Ht-tubes held at an angle of 45 degrees for an hour at $20^{\circ}C$.

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Superimposed Rubber Pattern법에 의한 성인 정상 및 비정상 교합자의 교합 양상에 관한 연구 (A STUDY OF THE NORMAL & ABNORMAL OCCULSAL PATERNS IN ADULTS USING THE SUPERIMPOSED RUBBER PATTERN METHOD)

  • 최대균;이성복;권영혁;최부병
    • 대한치과보철학회지
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    • 제33권3호
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    • pp.467-491
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    • 1995
  • In order to analyze the occlusin of intercuspation with maximun bite force, fifteen healthy adult subjects with the ages 23 to 27 were studied(Group1 ; 5-normal occlusion with Angle's Class1, Group2 ; 5-Angle's Class2 malocclusion, Group3 ; 5-Angle’s Class3 malocclusion). Head Position was fixed with occlusal plane paralleling to horizontal line and occlusal registration r cord was made with polyether rubber impression material(Ramitec, ESPECo. West Germany). After all subject were trained for maximum intercuspation at least 5 times, occlusal registration procedure was repeated for this study. Lower posterior rubber occlusal registration records were sliced with 1mm thickness using precision metal sliding channel(Hitachi Ind. Co., Japan). Gross sectional drawings were traced from occluding view of upper and lower posterior teeth on the rubber slices using digitizer, and superimposed for the determination of each drawing distance(Superimposed Rubber Pattern Method). Based on superimposed rubber pattern drawings, total area of occlusal view, sum of each area of the 5 divided occlusal contact provinces and its ratio, total area and number of occlusal contact area were determined to elucidate occlusal stability in the normal and abnormal occlusion groups. The data were analysed by t-test(p=0.05) to determine statistical significance. The obtained results were as follows : 1. Group1 showed the largest standard area with occlusal view of the lower posterior teeth and Group3 showed the smallest area. There was a significant difference between Group2 and Group3(p=0.025), and Gropu1 was not statistically different for both Group2 and Group3. 2. Means and ratio of the under 2.0mm area(D) and ratio showed $197.49mm^2$, 59.76% in Group1, $188,69mm^2$, 56.10% in Group2, and $174.23mm^2$, 55.76% in Group3. The results that Group1 has the most area/ratio and Group3 has the least area/ratio can be considered Group1 is the most advantageous for masticatory effective area, and Group3 is the least adnantageous. 3. Means and ratio of the under 1.0mm area(C) were $198.96mm^2$, 42.65% in Group1, 123.06$mm^2$, 46.58% in Group2, and $92.24mm^2$, 29.52% in Group3. These data means that Group1 is the most advantageous in terms of masticatory effective area and Group3 is the least. 4. Means and ratio of the under 0.5mm area(B) were $86.68mm^2$, 26.68% in Group1, $62.98mm^2$, 18.71% in Group2, and $36.44mm^2$, 11.66% in Group3. These can also be considered Group1 is the most advantageous for masticatory effective area and occlusal stability. 5. Means and ratio of the under 0.05mm area(A) were $30.92mm^2$, 9.21% in Group1, $14.31mm^2$, 4.25% in Group2, and $7.59mm^2$, 2.43% in Group3. The area ratio of the each subject group was(4.1) : (1.9) : (1)and the data of the under 0.05mm area has the intimate relationship with inter-group and intra-group data/ratio. 6. First molar showed the most occlusal contact points in all subject group and Group1 showed somewhat uniformly distributed occlusal contact point except first premolar. In Group2, all contact point in posterior teeth showed significantly reduced distribution except first molar. Group3 showed evenly distributed contace points in first and second molars.

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1200만 화소의 고해상도 360° 전방위 IP 카메라 개발 (Development of 360° Omnidirectional IP Camera with High Resolution of 12Million Pixels)

  • 이희열;이선구;이승호
    • 전기전자학회논문지
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.268-271
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    • 2017
  • 본 논문에서는 1200만 화소의 고해상도 $360^{\circ}$ 전방위 IP 카메라의 개발을 제안한다. 제안하는 1200만 화소의 고해상도 $360^{\circ}$ 전방위 IP 카메라는 $360^{\circ}$ 전방위 시야각의 렌즈 부와 1200만 화소 고해상도 IP 카메라 부로 구성된다. $360^{\circ}$ 전방위 시야각의 렌즈 부는 등사영 렌즈 설계방식과 catadioptric 면 제작방식을 적용하여 어안 렌즈에서 필연적으로 발생되고 있는 주변부 왜곡현상이 없는 화상을 얻을 수 있도록 한다. 1200만 화소 고해상도 IP 카메라 부는 CMOS 센서 & ISP 부, DSP 부, I/O 부 등으로 구성하여 카메라에 들어온 영상을 디지털 영상으로 변환하여 영상 왜곡 보정, 영상 보정, 영상 압축 등의 기능 등을 수행한 후에, NVR(Network Video Recorder)에 전송한다. 제안된 1200만 화소의 고해상도 $360^{\circ}$ 전방위 IP 카메라의 성능을 평가하기 위하여 외부시험기관에서 실험한 결과, 1200만 화소의 영상효율, $360^{\circ}$ 전방위 렌즈 화각, 전자파 인증 규격 등이 목표값에 적합하게 측정됨이 확인되었다.

Evolutionary Data Granulation 기반으로한 퍼지 집합 다항식 뉴럴 네트워크에 관한 연구 (A Study on Fuzzy Set-based Polynomial Neural Networks Based on Evolutionary Data Granulation)

  • 노석범;안태천;오성권
    • 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 학술발표 논문집 제14권 제2호
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    • pp.433-436
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    • 2004
  • In this paper, we introduce a new Fuzzy Polynomial Neural Networks (FPNNS)-like structure whose neuron is based on the Fuzzy Set-based Fuzzy Inference System (FS-FIS) and is different from that of FPNNS based on the Fuzzy relation-based Fuzzy Inference System (FR-FIS) and discuss the ability of the new FPNNS-like structure named Fuzzy Set-based Polynomial Neural Networks (FSPNN). The premise parts of their fuzzy rules are not identical, while the consequent parts of the both Networks (such as FPNN and FSPNN) are identical. This difference results from the angle of a viewpoint of partition of input space of system. In other word, from a point of view of FS-FIS, the input variables are mutually independent under input space of system, while from a viewpoint of FR-FIS they are related each other. The proposed design procedure for networks architecture involves the selection of appropriate nodes with specific local characteristics such as the number of input variables, the order of the polynomial that is constant, linear, quadratic, or modified quadratic functions being viewed as the consequent part of fuzzy rules, and a collection of the specific subset of input variables. On the parameter optimization phase, we adopt Information Granulation (IC) based on HCM clustering algorithm and a standard least square method-based learning. Through the consecutive process of such structural and parametric optimization, an optimized and flexible fuzzy neural network is generated in a dynamic fashion. To evaluate the performance of the genetically optimized FSPNN (gFSPNN), the model is experimented with using the time series dataset of gas furnace process.

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