• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.253-260
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• 2020

This study aimed to compare the effects of sit-to-stand training, or training to stand up from sitting positions at various seat heights, on the balance recovery among stroke patients. This study included 20 stroke patients who were randomly divided into two groups. Each group was trained for six weeks, three times a week from March to June 2019. Static balance and dynamic balance were measured, and the variations were analyzed using the paired t-test and the independent t-test. There were significant changes observed in both static and dynamic balance (p<.05) before and after training. However, no significant changes were seen in the static balance in the standing posture with eyes closed (p>.05). This study confirmed that there was a significant effect of training on the balance of stroke patients, especially when progressively lower seat heights were used during the training. This suggests new directions for treatment during rehabilitation for balance recovery of stroke patients. Further studies will need to apply this training to a larger number of subjects, and use various training methods such as randomization of seat height to enable the generalization of the results of this study and application in clinical practice.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.62-76
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• 2003

This study was a quasi-experimental study of non-equivalent control group pretest and posttest design. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Tai Chi exercise program on physical functions, psychological functions, and fall among the fall-prone elderly. The data were collected from September 19, 2001 to January 31, 2002. The study, conducted at two facilities located in Kwang-ju, was targeted to the ambulatory aged 60 years or older who had at least one of the key fall risk factors. Experimental group participated in Tai Chi exercise for 40 minutes per one time and three times a week for 12weeks at an auditorium. Fifty nine fall-prone elderly were assigned to 12-week Tai Chi exercise program (n=29) and control group (n=30). They underwent tests of lower muscle strength, time for chair stand, balance, flexibility, depression, falls efficacy, fear of falling, and numbers of fall at the baseline and at the 12th week. Numbers of fall and fall injuries were monitored for 16 weeks(12-weeks intervention plus 4-week follow-up periods) using fall calendar. Each participant was given a calendar to record the numbers of fall per day for a month. The calendars were collected at the last week of each month. 1. Tai Chi exercisers showed significant improvement in the strength of knee flexors, and ankle dorsiflexors and plantarflexors compared to the control group. The experimental group had improvement in the strength of knee extensors while the control group did not, with no statistical significance. 2. Tai Chi exercisers reported positive change in the average time of chair stand as compared to the control group. 3. Tai Chi exercisers had significant improvement in flexibility as compared to the control group. 4. There was no significant difference in the depression between the two groups, even though the Tai Chi exercisers maintained depression score in the same level while the others were increased. 5. Tai Chi exercisers showed significant improvements in the falls efficacy as compared to the control group. The falls efficacy was significantly improved among the experimental group while the opposite was identified among the control group. 6. The experimental group reported the significant reduction of the fear of fall, whereas control group reported the opposite. 7. Of the 59 subjects for 16weeks(12weeks intervention period and 4weeks follow up), 9 (31.0%) of the 29 in exercise group and 15 (50%) of the 30 in the control group fell (relative risk=0.62. 95% CI 0.32-1.19), even with no statistical difference. The results suggest that the Tai Chi exercise program can improve the strength of knee flexors, ankle dorsiflexors and plantarflexors, chair stand. flexibility, falls efficacy, and fear of falling for the fall-prone elderly.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.1371-1380
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• 2006

This paper presents the strategies of implementing the u-business standardization efficiently in Korea. To do this, it outlines the architecture of various u-business technologies, identifies the current situations and problems of each sub-technology, and suggests five implementation strategies that could be useful for Korea to catch up with the advanced countries and then stand as a global leader in the u-business industry.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.165-169
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• 2004

The BLAST server for the mollusk was constructed on the basis of the Intel Server Platform SC-5250 dual Xeon 2.8 GHz cpu and Linux operating system. After establishing the operating system, we installed NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) WebBLAST package after web server configuration for cgi (common gate interface) (http://chimp.kribb.re.kr/mollusks). To build up the stand alone blast, we conducted as follows: First, we downloaded the genome information (mitochondria genome information), DNA sequences, amino acid sequences related with mollusk available at NCBI. Second, it was translated into the multifasta format that was stored as database by using the formatdb program provided by NCBI. Finally, the cgi was used for the Stand Alone Blast server. In addition, we have added the vector, Escherichia coli, and repeat sequences into the server to confirm a potential contamination. Finally, primer3 program is also installed for the users to design the primer. The stand alone BLAST gave us several advantages: (1) we can get only the data that agree with the nucleotide sequence directly related with the mollusks when we are searching BLAST; (2) it will be very convenient to confirm contamination when we made the cDNA or genomic library from mollusks; (3) Compared to the current NSBI, we can quickly get the BLAST results on the mollusks sequence information.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.422-431
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• 2016

To investigate the causes of the thermal deformations of packaging materials when microwave-heating ready-to-eat sauce products packaged in stand-up pouches, patterns of temperature changes were determined using an infra-red thermal imaging camera, a thermo-sensitive tape, and a fiver-optic thermometer. The temperature distributions of spicy chicken sauce and Indian curry samples in a stand-up pouch were found to be uneven during micrewave heating. A sharp increase in the temperature was detected, especially above the filling layers and in the corners of sealing layers of the package. The temperature measurements using an infra-red thermal imaging camera are restricted to the surface, and therefore might underestimate the actual temperature. Using a thermo-sensitive tape, temperature up to $200^{\circ}C$ were measured in the spicy chicken sauce sample showing package deformation. When the temperature is measured using a fiber-optic thermometer, it is crucial to have precise sensor performance to accurately measure the temperature in a narrow hot-spot area of the package. In this experiment, the fiber-optic thermometer was attached to a GaAs crystal sensor, which obtained more sensitive and accurate temperature measurements than those by a convectional sensor.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.141-143
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• 2004

Distributed generation(DG) using microturbine will be adopted widely because of its various usages and merits such as high heat efficiency, environmental-friendliness. Commercialized DG using microtubine that rotates up to $60,000\~100,000[rpm]$ converters mechanical power to electricity by permanent magnet synchronous machine. This paper presents comparative test and simulation results of PMSM as generator. Test was done by diode rectifier and inverter. Parameters used in the simulation are driven from FEM analysis. Under various speed and load conditions, V-I characteristics matches well and it suggests the possibility of high speed PMSM as generator. DG operating at stand alone and grid connection mode will be developed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.19 no.37
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• pp.153-170
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• 1996

With industrial competitions more severe, most enterprises in Korea are placed in critical point to meet the changes. The tradition seniority systems of this country stand in the way to be more competitive in personnel sector especially . The purposes of this paper are to search the effective ways and methods in introducing and operating Job-performing Qualification System(JQS), one of the personnel systems based on human capability. To meet these purposes, various subjects - how to classify job groups, proper job grades number, how to define job grade, up-grading criterions, how to design the relations between personal rating system and JQS, and between compensating system and it - are reviewed and commented.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2021

[Purpose] We aimed to identify the effects of marine oligomeric polyphenol (MOP) intake in elderly individuals with sarcopenia. [Methods] Older adults (aged 65 years or older) were recruited based on the diagnostic criterion for sarcopenia and were randomly assigned to the MOP intake group (n=10) or the placebo (PBO) intake group (n=10). To determine the effect of MOP intake received for four weeks, the pre- and post-intake body composition (weight, skeletal muscle mass, and bone density) and senior fitness tests were assessed. [Results] Our results showed there were significant differences in the skeletal muscle mass (p=0.039), bone density (p=0.020), fat-free mass index (p=0.026), and 2.4 m up and go test (p=0.001) between pretest and post-test. There was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test and an interaction effect for the one-leg stand test (p=0.010 and p=0.049, respectively). However, there were no significant differences in body fat percentage, calf circumference, grip strength, or the chair rise test. [Conclusion] Some variables exhibited significant differences in the pre- and post-assessments, and there was an interaction effect for the one-leg stand. However, this was insufficient to prove the effectiveness of MOP intake in improving sarcopenia. Therefore, additional studies are essential to examine the effects of MOP intake and exercise intervention on the body composition and fitness of patients over a longer period.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.1-38
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• 2019

Given capital market imperfections, an entrepreneur can alleviate financial frictions by creating a pyramidal business group in which a parent firm offers its subsidiary firm internal finance. This endogenous creation of pyramidal business groups can beget asymmetric financial frictions between business-group firms and stand-alone firms. I build a model to show that these asymmetric financial frictions can have sizable effects on resource allocation. On one hand, the financial advantage of pyramidal business groups can foster productive firms by incorporating them as subsidiaries. On the other hand, the asymmetrically large amount of external capital controlled by pyramidal business groups can be expended by unproductive business-group firms and push up the equilibrium price of capital. The model suggests that with fine investor protection or low financial frictions, the benefits of pyramidal business groups can be dominated by their costs because the probability of fostering productive subsidiaries diminishes as the efficiency of external capital markets improves, while the prevalence of pyramidal business groups is not attenuated due to their continuing asymmetric financial advantage.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.332-340
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• 2017

This study aims to propose a new optimization-based approach for design and analysis of the stand-alone hybrid energy supply system using renewable energy sources (RES). In the energy supply system, we include multiple energy production technologies such as Photovoltaics (PV), Wind turbine, and fossil-fuel-based AC generator along with different types of energy storage and conversion technologies such as battery and inverter. We then select six different regions of Korea to represent various characteristics of different RES potentials and demand profiles. We finally designed and analyzed the optimal RES stand-alone energy supply system in the selected regions using multiobjective optimization (MOOP) technique, which includes two objective functions: the minimum cost and the minimum $CO_2$ emission. In addition, we discussed the feasibility and expecting benefits of the systems by comparing to conventional systems of Korea. As a result, the region of the highest RES potential showed the possibility to remarkably reduce $CO_2$ emissions compared to the conventional system. Besides, the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of the RES-based energy system is identified to be slightly higher than conventional energy system: 0.35 and 0.46 $/kWh, respectively. However, the total life-cycle emission of $CO_2$ ($LCE_{CO2}$) can be reduced up to 470 g$CO_2$/kWh from 490 g$CO_2$/kWh of the conventional systems.