• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2007년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.99-102
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• 2007

Underground passage shopping center which is one of the underground space is a public facility. Therefore, underground passage shopping center needs physical environment that everyone (such as ordinary adults, seniors, disabled and ETC) could use it without any difficulties. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the application of universal design into main entrance space of underground passage shopping center. The scope of this research was adjusted as 8 underground passage shopping centers that are located in Seoul. Spacial scope of the research was set as public space such as main entrance space, slope way, stairway of underground passage shopping center and the content of scope of this research was the application of universal design. The conclusion of this research is as following. First, public space of underground passage shopping center needs physical environmental improvement for the convenient usage for seniors and disabled. Second, the application of universal design is needed for public space for shelter and rescue of underground passage shopping center. Third, Underground passage shopping center needs a plan to minimize the safety infringement of user by commercial activity of stores in it.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.102-110
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• 2011

For decreasing of the casualties and designing of the smoke control systems in the ultra high-rise building, the programs for analysis of smoke control were developed for prediction of smoke spread and distributions of pressure and temperature in building fire situation. In this study, coupling algorithm between mass and enthalpy conservations was modified for improving the applicability of the CAU_ESCAP which program can consider the energy transfer. The fire situation in ultra high-rise building was applied by using the modified CAU_ESCAP. Results of pressure difference predicted by modified CAU_ESCAP are higher than results of ASCOS as stack effect is generated due to the increasing of stairway temperature. Moreover, theoretically, the result of the neutral plane is more accurate than the result of ASCOS, in fire situation of ultra high-rise building.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1636-1641
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the needs for environmental improvement and dementia patients' activity of daily living (ADL) and behavior and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in dementia patients living in urban type dementia care villages. The subjects of this study were 70 households with cognitive impairment and dementia among residents of dementia care village in Gunsan City. The survey was conducted with the permission of their family. Frequency analysis and descriptive statistical analysis were performed on the main variables to analyze the characteristics of the subjects. Bivariate correlation analysis was performed to verify the relationship between the two variables. According to the analysis results, the order of environment improvement was in the order of entrance (51.4%), toilet and stairs (48.6%), kitchen (11.4%), bedroom and laundry room (10.0%). In the relationship between the variables, The ADL was correlated with age (r=.315, p <.01), BPSD (r=.322, p<.01) and living environment inconvenience (r=.640, p<.01) while, living environment inconvenience correlated with environment improvement need (r=.669, p<.01). This study suggests that improvement of the residential environment of dwellers in dementia care villages, especially the stairway and entrance hall is necessary.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.316-322
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• 2009

The more repetitive, complex and objective the work, the more effective automation is. Code checking is an example of this. Checking building codes through a thick set of drawings is error-prone and time-consuming. In order to overcome this problem, several organizations have initiated efforts to automate building-code checking. Initiated study mainly focused on checking codes for invalidation, required size and crash, and then area of checkable codes have been expanding. But, it has not been considered for codes regarding anti-disaster/egress, which is also issued these days. This study is about how to automatically check codes for anti-disaster and egress based on Korea building codes. The codes can be categorized as five sections: egress way, material/capability, principals of evacuation, evacuation stairway and fire protection partition. To check automatically, there are problems, such as expression of codes for egress and limitation of extractable information from the BIM model. This paper shows what problems exist and assignments to be resolved. Also, current developing processes are presented, and suggestions are made about the direction for the work that remains.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to explore behavioral patterns on residential spaces such as the patterns of residential space usage and perception on residential spaces. A questionnaire survey and interview were conducted with 426 residents living in apartment with 3 bedrooms, stairway access, and 3-bay style in the City of Seoul, Busan, and Gwangju, during the month of September in 2004. The data was analyzed with frequency, factor analysis by using the SPSS 10.0 for windows, and with proc iml by using SAS. The major findings of this study were that: 1) The most typical activities in the Anbang are $\ulcorner$sleeping and getting dressed$\lrcorner$, $\ulcorner$family communication and T.V. watching$\lrcorner$, and $\ulcorner$private affairs$\lrcorner$ ; Anbang(master bedroom) has been perceived and used as couple's private area. 2) Living room was used as a multi-purpose room carrying out various activities such as $\ulcorner$family interaction$\lrcorner$, $\ulcorner$entertaining guest with meals$\lrcorner$, $\ulcorner$children's private affairs$\lrcorner$, $\ulcorner$private affairs$\lrcorner$, $\ulcorner$hobby activities$\lrcorner$, $\ulcorner$clothes management$\lrcorner$, $\ulcorner$couple interaction$\lrcorner$, and $\ulcorner$occasions$\lrcorner$. 3) The representative patterns of activities in dining-kitchen was food $\ulcorner$preparation$\lrcorner$, and the need for social interaction in DK has been growing. The patterns of residential space usages can be used to develop and evaluate the unit plan of Korean middle-size apartment.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2016

최근 건축물은 대형화, 고층화되어 화재발생시 소방대의 활동이 제한되어 화염 및 연기에 의한 인명피해가 증가할 수 있다. 이러한 인명피해를 저감하기 위하여 제연설비가 필수적이며 특별피난계단 부속실 및 비상용승강기 승강장에 급기가압제연설비를 적용하고 있다. 국가 화재안전기준에서는 부속실 및 승강장과 거실과의 차압을 40 Pa 이상 요구하고 있으나 실제 현장에서는 과도한 과압이 다수 발생하고 있다. 이러한 과압의 원인은 댐퍼의 누설량의 과다에 의한 것으로 알려져 있다. 과압은 피난자의 문개방을 어렵게 하여 피난을 불가능하게 할 수 있다. 이러한 문제점을 확인하고자 자동차압 과압조절형댐퍼의 개폐 동작횟수 증가에 따른 누설량을 측정하여 초기에 공급된 댐퍼의 누설량과 비교 분석하였다. 실험결과 초기 제품과 반복동작 후 누설량의 차이가 발생했으며 정압이 증가함에 따라 누설량 차이가 증가되었다. 선행연구와 비교분석한 결과도 정압에 따른 선형적 증가의 경향이 유사한 추세를 보이고 있다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.120-129
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• 2006

Apartments have become the most popular type of residential building in Korea since the 1960s. The dwelling space should be designed to accomodate various life styles or changing needs of family members. This research is conducted to analyze flexible interior space types of apartments and to improve the architectural planning and design of apartments that can satisfy various needs of residents. In this study, apartments of 10 - 90 pyeongs built in the region of Seoul, between 1998 and 2007, are investigated in terms of the unit plan, the number of open sides, and a distribution of flexible apartment types for each year, Apartments with flexible space are classified into 10 different types, including a flexible type between bedrooms, a flexible type between a bedroom and the livingroom, and a flexible type between the dinning room and the livingroom. According to the composition of unit plans, apartments are also differentiated as a single-corridor type, a double-corridor type, a stairway type, a hall type, and a combination type. According to these classifications, the characteristics of desirable unit plans were analyzed. The results of the analysis showed that, as the unit size of apartments get bigger, the ratio of width/depth of the front side unit plan is increased. This result reflects a trend of high-rise apartments which have an increased number of front-side bays and a shorter depth for better penetration of daylight. In addition, a hall type is found to have a wider front side and shorter depth. According to open sides, a flexible type of the livingroom and the dinning room/kitchen (L-D.K) is found to be most common for the front/back open space, and the livingroom is usually placed on the front/side open space. To meet the changing needs of residents, more research should be conducted on flexible dwelling space.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.398-405
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• 1999

한려해상국립공원 남해도지구에 위치한 금산의 등산로를 대상으로 하여 등산로에 설치된 계단의 물리적 특성을 조사한 결과, 등산로 총 연장 2,126m 중에 계단이 설치된 구간은 15개 구간이며, 총 길이는 1,000.4m로 나타났다. 대다수의 등산로 계단구역의 물매는 20~40%로 나타났으나, 11번 구간, 12번 구간과 같이 경사도 45.7%, 58.4%의 계단이 268.5m, 188.6m인 구간과 13번 구간과 같이 물매가 67.8%의 급경사 등산로 구간도 설치되어 있었다. 계단형 등산로에서 등산시 탐방객이 느끼는 운동강도를 조사한 결과, 전체 구간에 있어서 등산시의 심박수는 약 104~184회/분으로 나타났으며, 계단형 등산로 구간 중 11번 구간과 12번 구간, 그리고 13번 구간의 등산시 심박수 증가율, 운동강도지수, %HRmax는 각각 166.5%, 89.1%, 92.9%와 167.4%, 89.6%, 93.2%, 그리고 157.8%, 84.5%, 89.9%로 조사되었다.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2013

The turbulent flow behavior of air supply and exhaustion in the Shin-gum-ho subway station is analyzed for ordinary and emergency state. The depth of Shin-gum-ho station is 43.6m which consists of the island-type platform(8th floor in underground) and a two-story lobby (first & second floor in underground). An emergency stairway connects between the platform and the lobby. Ventilation operation mode for ordinary state is set up as a combination of air supply and exhaustion in the lobby and platform, while for emergency state it is set up as a full air supply in the lobby and a full exhaustion in the platform. The entire station is covered for simulation. The ventilation diffusers are modeled as 95 square shapes of $0.6m{\times}0.6m$ in the lobby and as 222 square shapes of $0.6m{\times}0.6m$ and 4 rectangular shapes of $1.2m{\times}0.8m$ in the platform. The total of 7.5million grids are generated and whole domain is divided to 22 blocks for MPI efficiency of calculation. Large eddy simulation(LES) is applied to solve the momentum equation and Smagorinsky model($C_s$=0.2) is used as SGS(subgrid scale) model. The time-averaged velocity fields are compared to experimental data and show a good agreement with it.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2015

최근 건축물은 대형화, 고층화되어 화재발생시 소방대의 활동이 제한되어 화염 및 연기에 의한 인명피해가 증가할 수 있다. 이러한 인명피해를 저감하기 위하여 제연설비가 필수적이며 특별피난계단 부속실 및 비상용승강기 승강장에 급기 가압제연설비를 적용하고 있다. 국가 화재안전기준에서는 부속실 및 승강장과 거실과의 차압을 40 Pa~60 Pa을 요구하고 있으나 실제 현장에서는 60 Pa 이상의 과압이 다수 발생하고 있다. 이러한 과압의 원인은 댐퍼의 누설량의 과다에 의한 것으로 알려져 있다. 과압은 피난자의 문개방을 어렵게 하여 피난을 불가능하게 할 수 있다. 이러한 문제점을 확인하고자 국내에 사용되고 있는 자동차압 과압조절형댐퍼의 누설량을 측정하여 실제 누설량이 얼마인지 분석하였다. 실험결과 제조사 별로 최대 누설량은 $0.154m^3/s$로 나타났으며, 최소 누설량은 $0.090m^3/s$로 나타났다. 이 누설량으로 인하여 과압이 발생하면 피난문 폐쇄력이 증가하여 피난에 방해가 될 수 있으므로 댐퍼의 누설량 제한 기준이 필요하다.