• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2015

PURPOSE: Bridge exercises are broadly used to develop trunk co-activation patterns that promote spine stability. This study was to analyze the trunk muscle activity during bridge exercise with various shoulder support surface(stable, sling, Swiss ball). METHODS: The subjects were 20 healthy subjects in their twenties. Subjects were performed bridge exercise on 4 different shoulder support surfaces using stable and labile instruments. 1) Bridge exercise on a stable surface. 2) Bridge exercise with their shoulder on a stable bench. 3) Bridge exercise with their shoulder on a sling. 4) Bridge exercise with their shoulder on a Swiss ball. Rectus abdominis, erector spinae, internal oblique, external oblique muscle activities were measured using electromyography. RESULTS: There were significant differences in RA, EO muscles between performing each of the 4 exercises(p<.05). RA and EO was recorded the highest activity during the bridge exercise with their shoulder on a sling. The lowest activity was recorded during conventional supine bridge on a stable surface. There were no differences found for the EO/RA and IO/RA ratio. The EO/RA and IO/RA ratio was the highest in the bridge exercise with their shoulders resting on a stable bench. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that change of shoulder support surface during bridge exercise may be useful for enhancing the trunk stability.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the unstable wall squat exercise and stable bridge exercise on posture in normal adults. Methods: The subjects of this study were 34 university students who were normal health adults, equally and randomly allocated to a unstable wall squat exercise group (male 7, female 10), an experimental group, and a stable bridge exercise group, a control group. Both did so for 30 minutes three times per week over a six-weeks period. Using Back Mapper, their trunk inclination (TIN), trunk imbalance (TIM), pelvic position (PPO), pelvic torsion (PTO), pelvic rotation (PRO) and the position of their scapula (PSA) were evaluated. Results: When the pre-test and post-test results of experimental group and control group were compared, statistically significant differences in TIN, PTO and PSA of experimental group were seen. Conclusion: Unstable wall squat exercise accompanied by abdominal drawing-in may be applied as a method to correct the posture in normal adults.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2016

PURPOSE: Bridge exercise is widely used in rehabilitation exercise for trunk stabilization through various applications in clinical practice. However, there is a lack of studies changing the base of support for the shoulders. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in the base of support for the shoulders of trunk muscle activation during bridge exercise. METHODS: 20 healthy subjects (10 men, 10 women) in their twenties were participated in this study. They performed 5 bridge exercises (bridge exercise with their shoulders on a stable table (1/2 knee height, knee height), and on a sling (1/2 knee height, knee height), conventional bridge exercise. The surface electromyography were used for rectus abdominis (RA), internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO), and erector spinae (ES). RESULTS: During bridge exercise that their shoulders on the sling of 1/2 knee height, the RA, EO, IO muscle activities were significant increased. And during bridge exercise that their shoulders on the stable surface of knee height, the IO/RA ratio were higher than other positions but there were no significant difference between positions for EO/RA, IO/RA ratio. CONCLUSION: Based on this result, using various bases of support and changing the height of bridging exercise may be used to provide effective trunk stabilization exercises.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2013

Background: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of unstable bridge exercise on the posture of female university students. Methods: The subjects of this study were 30 female university students who were equally and randomly allocated to a unstable bridge exercise group, an experimental group, and a stable bridge exercise group, a control group. Both did so for 30 minutes three times per week over a six-week period. Using BackMapper, their trunk inclination (TIN), trunk imbalance (TIM), pelvic position (PPO), pelvic torsion (PTO), pelvic rotation (PRO), and the position of their scapulae (PSA) were evaluated. Results: The unstable bridge exercise group obtained significant results in TIN, TIM, PPO, PTO and PSA, while the stable bridge exercise group obtained significant results in TIN, PPO. Conclusion: unstable bridge exercise may be applied as a method to correct the posture of average adults.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.291-300
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• 2019

Purpose : This study focuses on the influence of bridge exercise combined with whole body vibration on muscle activity and balance. Methods : 30 stroke patients were recruited for subjects. The subjects were divided to bridge exercise combined stable surface (Group I), bridge exercise combined unstable surface (Group II), and bridge exercise combined bridge exercise (Group III), of which 10 subjects were randomly allocated. The subjects were given 30 minutes of neurologic physical therapy which included gait training and muscular strength training, and additionally given 30 minutes of bridge exercise combined stable surface, bridge exercise combined unstable surface, and bridge exercise combined whole body vibration for each group, five times a week, for 8 weeks. Their muscle activity and balance were analyzed before the intervention. After 8 weeks of the intervention, the mentioned parameters were measured once more for between-group analysis. Results : Comparative analysis of the muscle activity and balance between the groups showed statistically significant difference, and post-hoc analysis showed the Group III had greater changes in muscle activity and balance than Group Iand Group II. Conclusion : Such results revealed that bridge exercise combined with whole body vibration is effective in muscle activity and balance. Based on the current study, more effective program is to be proposed for elite athletes as well as stroke patients. Based on the current study, studies that incorporates various frequencies of vibration is required for development of effective whole body vibration exercise program.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2022

Purposed: This study was conducted to find out by ultrasonic waves the thickness change of the deep abdominal muscles, such as transverse abdominal, internal oblique and external oblique when performing general bridge exercise on the stable surface (GBE), single-legged bridge exercise on the stable surface (BES), bridge exercise with a sling (SBE) and single-legged bridge exercise with a sling (SBS). Methods: The subject, 33 healthy adults(18 men and 15 women) in their 20s of V university in J city were subjected to take four postures of GBE, BES, SBE, and SBS. When performing each posture, the thickness of transverse abdominal, internal oblique and external oblique were measured by ultrasonic waves and analyzed by repeated measures of ANOVA. This significance level was set to be p<.05. Results: Muscle thickness was increased in the order of BES, SBE, and GBE in the external oblique, resulting in statistically significant differences(p<.001). The internal oblique was significantly thicker in SBE and SBS rather than in GBE, and was thicker in SBE and SBS rather than in BES (p<.01). The thickness of the transverse abdominal was significantly increased in SBS than in GBE (p<.01). Conclusion: As the result, it may be more effective for the trunk stabilization exercises to activate the internal oblique and transverse abdominal by applying both-legged or single-legged bridge exercise in slings.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of bridge exercise on the structural characteristics of trunk muscles in patients with lumbar pain by applying the exercise on either a stable or an unstable surface. Methods: Thirty subjects participated in the experiment and were randomly divided into an unstable bridge exercise group (UBEG) and a stable bridge exercise group (SBEG). The exercise program for each group was conducted three times a week over a six-week period. The structural characteristics of trunk muscles were measured by obtaining images using an ultrasound imaging device. Results: The thicknesses of the external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and transverse abdominis (TrA) and the fiber angle of the erector spinae (ES) in the UBEG and the SBEG showed statistically significant increases in all items measured after the experiment. A comparison of groups conducted after the experiment to determine the effects of the exercise on each group showed no significant differences between groups for any of the measured items. Conclusion: A comprehensive review of the study results showed statistically significant increases in the thicknesses of the EO, IO, and TrA and the fiber angle of ES in both the UBEG and the SBEG. While the comparison of the groups with respect to the effects of the exercise revealed no significant differences, there were relatively larger effects in the UBEG than in the SBEG.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of various bridge exercises on walking ability. Method: The subjects were 30 stroke patients. They were divided into a bridge exercise group on a stable support surface (Group I), a bridge exercise group on an unstable support surface (Group II), and a bridge exercise group combined with whole body vibrations (Group III). 10 subjects were randomly assigned into each group. The subjects of this study had 30 minutes of nervous system physical therapy including gait training and strength training. In addition, each group underwent a 30 minutes session five times a week for eight weeks. Before intervention, LUKOtronic was used to measure step width and step length, time was measured with a 10 m walking test, and time and number of steps were measured with the figure 8 walking test. After the intervention, remeasured and analysis was performed for each group. Results: As a result of comparing and analyzing the change of walking ability between groups, there was a statistically significant difference. As a result of the post hoc analysis according to the change of walking ability among groups, the change of walking ability was larger in Group III than in Group I and Group II. Conclusion: Based on these results, it is confirmed that the bridge exercise combined with whole body vibration was more effective for walking ability. Based on these findings, this study proposes an effective program for elite athletes as well as stroke patients.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2015

Objective: Prone bridge exercise is one of the core strengthening exercise for improving abdominal, lower and upper extremity muscles. In addition, coactivation of the trunk muscles and extremities is important for treatment of low back pain. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the thickness, cross-sectional area of the target muscle, and endurance during prone bridge exercise. Our hypothesis was that an increase in muscle thickness is positively related to the hold time for the static prone bridge exercise. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Fourteen healthy university students (8 men and 6 women) voluntarily participated in the study at Sahmyook University. Hold time for the prone bridge with one and both legs was measured. The resting and contracted thickness of the lateral abdominal, rectus femoris, and triceps muscles was measured using rehabilitative ultrasound imaging. The correlation between muscle thickness and endurance for maintenance time was evaluated. Results: The prone bridge with both legs and the contraction thickness of the triceps muscle showed a positive correlation (r=0.692, p<0.05); the prone bridge with one leg and the contraction thickness of the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles showed a positive correlation (r=0.545, 0.574, p<0.05, 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: Endurance for the prone bridge exercise with a stable support surface is correlated with the contraction thickness of arm muscles; the prone bridge exercise with an unstable support surface is correlated with the contraction thickness of the deep abdominal muscles.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of transverse abdominis ratio and balance ability during bridge exercises on different support surface. Methods: The subjects were 20 students at G University. Ultrasound equipment was used to measure the transverse abdominisratio and the computerized balance measurement equipment was used to measure the balance ability before and after bridge exercises on different support surface. Results: Transverse abdominis ratio change between the groups was a significant difference only in the unstable support surface training group (p<.05). Normal standing eye close balance ability change between the groups was significantly different only in the unstable support surface training group (p<.05). The changes in the transverse abdominis ratio after 7 days of exercise and 14 days after exercise were significantly different between the groups (p<.05). Normal standing eye close balance ability showed a significant difference at 7 days after exercise and 14 days after exercise (p<.05). Conclusions: It is more effective to balance ability and ratio of the transverse abdominis when bridge exercises on an unstable support surface than to perform bridge exercises on a stable support surface. Therefore, we propose an effective program for patients with instability of the lumbar in clinical practice. bridge exercises on different support surface.