• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2005

This paper deals with a squeal noise in a brake system. It has been proved that the squeal noise is influenced by the angular misalignment of a disk, disk run-out, with the previously experimental study. In this study, a cause of the noise is examined by using FE analysis program(SAMCEF) and numerical analyses with a derived analytical equation of the disk based on the experimental results. The FE analyses and numerical results show that the squeal noise is due to the disk run-out as the experimental results and the frequency component of the noise equals to that of a disk's bending mode arising from the Hopf bifurcation.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.595-600
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• 2004

This paper deals with a cause analysis of a squeal noise in a brake system. It has been proved that the squeal noise is influenced by the angular misalignment of a disk, disk run-out, with the previously experimental study. In this study, a cause of the noise is examined by using FE analysis program(SAMCEF) and numerical analyses with a derived analytical equation of the disk based on the experimental results. The FE analyses and numerical results show that the squeal noise is due to the disk run-out as the experimental results and the frequency component of the noise equals to that of a disk's bending mode arising from the Hopf bifurcation.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.749-755
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• 2014

The analytical-finite element(FE) squeal model is applied to investigate the squeal propensity associated with contact stiffness of the disc brake system. The system contact stiffness is incorporated into the perturbed equations of motion in the analytical manner where the brake components are modeled by FE method. The results show that the contact stiffness of the friction material and the contact stiffness between the pads and caliper are the influential factors on the squeal propensity. Particularly, the modal instability of the 3200 Hz squeal mode drastically changes with respect to the contact stiffness between the pads and caliper.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.174-177
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• 2007

In this paper the noise characteristics of metro train is investigated experimentally. It is primarily aimed at observing the squealing noise radiation of each wheel when the vehicle pass the curve sections. This will be used to understand the noise excitation mechanism at the contact area between squealing wheels and rails which induce squeal noise at curve sections. To identify the related key parameters and boundary conditions on-board monitorings of the noise, vibration of the wheel and bogie and displacement behaviour of the wheels and rails have been done. In this paper only noise measurement and results are discussed. From spectrogramms squeal noise due to creepage and noise due to flange contact of the wheels could be identified. At the moment of the curve passing the highest squeal levels are found on the front inner wheel. However since curve noise depends on variable factors more analyses will be followed to identify the squealing wheels and the noise excitation.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2014

Automotive NVH on brake operation is mainly caused by a coupling action of vehicle speed and inter parts friction and its frequency occurs over a broad band of 0.1 kHz~10 kHz. Especially, squeal noise, being a self-excited vibration generated by friction force between drum and lining, occurs over 1 kHz and consequently dynamic instability is induced when friction energy is applied to a brake vibration system. The squeal strongly depends on nonlinear properties influenced by the material of lining, velocity of vehicle, and the dynamic properties of a brake system. The dynamic properties are considered as a main influential design factor to squeal noise, however the analysis of the properties are rarely facilitated due to arbitrariness of shape by wearing down. In this paper, we research generating tendency of squeal noise through complex eigenvalue analysis, tracking drum brake's unstable modes in accordance with the wear shape of drum and lining such as tapered and bellmouth shape, and analyze computed unstable modes by variable shapes.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.405-410
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• 2004

There are two types of noises in running the rail vehicle. The one is periodic by electric motors, dehumidifiers, and dusting machines. And the other is aperiodic squeal noise by the frictions between the wheels and the rail or the disks and pads. The periodic noises in rail vehicle have been reduced by changing DC motors to AC motors with silencers, and by improving the lubricants. However, almost nothing relating a periodic noise has been studied. In this paper, the experimental methods were applied to understand phenomena of the squeal noise, which was occurred by the friction variation due to aperiodic stick and slip with low repeatability in the process of dry friction of the disk and the pad when a rail vehicle was being braked. By the experimental acoustic test, it was found the specific frequencies relating the squeal noise. And by modal testing, it was measured the resonant frequencies in the disk and the pad-plate which were the components of the braking system, and in the whole braking system, and it was found the specific frequencies having the effects on the squeal noise.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.126-134
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• 2007

Although there has been substantial research on the squeal noise for the automotive brake system, robust design issues with respect to control factors equivalent to design variables in optimization, noise factors due to system uncertainties, and signal factors designed to accommodate a user-adjustable setting still need to be addressed. For the purpose, the robust design applied to the disk brake system has been investigated by DOE (Design of Experiments) based Taguchi analysis with dynamic characteristics. The specific goal of this methodology is to identify a design with linear signal-response relationship, and variability minimization. The finite element models of the disk brake assembly have been constructed, and the squeal noise problems have been solved by complex eigenvalue analysis. As the practical robust design to reduce the brake squeal noise, material properties of pad, disk, and backplate, thickness and geometry of pad are selected as control factors, material properties of pad and disk, and the contact stiffness have been considered as noise factors, and friction coefficient between pad and disk is chosen as a signal factor. Through the DOE based robust design, the signal-to-noise ratio and the sensitivity for each orthogonal array experiment have been analyzed. Also, it has been proved that the proposed robust design is effective and adequate to reduce the brake squeal noise.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 특별세미나,특별/일반세션
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• pp.595-600
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• 2009

Passengers in a vehicle feel uncomfortable due to squeal noise. Squeal noise, a kind of self-excited vibration, is generated by the friction force between the disc and the pad of the automobile. In this paper, modal analysis of wheel brake system was performed in order to prediction of squeal phenomenon. It was shown that the prediction of system instability is possible by FEM. Finite element model of that brake system was made. Some parts of a real brake was selected and modeled. The normal mode analysis method performs analyses of each brake system component. Experiment of modal analysis was performed for each brake components and experimental results were compared with analytical result from FEM. The complex eigenvalue analysis results compared with braking test. The analysis results show good correlation with braking test for the squeal frequency at an unstable mode.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2015

The wet brakes used on a forklift often produce noise upon engagement. The elimination or reduction of this squeal noise is an important task for the improvement of the comfort of those operating these machines. In this paper, a test rig was developed for the testing of brake noise, and the squeal noise was measured with this apparatus. Automatic transmission fluid and grooves in the material of the friction-plate pad were found to be the main factors causing squeal noise. In order to identify the characteristics of this type of noise, signal analyses of the noise were conducted using different frequency spectra. The experimental results showed that the viscosity of the automatic transmission fluid and the groove pattern on the friction-plate pad largely affected the reduction of the wet brake squeal noise made by an industrial forklift.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

제동 스킬소음은 승객과 선로 주변의 주민에게 불편을 끼쳐 시급히 해결해야 할 문제의 하나이지만 해결책을 찾는 것은 쉽지 않다. 제동 스킬소음을 저감하기 위한 해결책은 크게 제동 마찰재의 소재를 개량하거나 제동패드의 구조를 개선하는 것으로 구분할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재 KTX 차량에 사용되고 있는 제동패드를 기준으로 마찰재의 소재만을 바꾼 패드와, 동일한 마찰재 소재를 사용하지만 구조를 유연형으로 바꾼 제동패드를 제작하여 제동 다이나모미터에서 다양한 조건으로 마찰특성과 소음특성을 평가하고 영업차량이 역에 정차할 때 측정한 스킬소음과 비교 및 분석하였다. 제동 다이나모미터 시험이 실차 시험을 어느 정도 재현하는 것이 가능한다는 것을 발견하였고, 영업열차에서 최고 스킬소음이 발생한 4,500Hz 대역의 스킬소음은 다이나모미터 시험에서도 정확히 일치하고, 이 주파수는 제동디스크의 고유진동수와 일치하는 것을 규명하였다. 제동 스킬소음이 발생하는 주파수는 캘리퍼에 작용하는 압력, 시험온도, 그리고 제동 초속도에 따라 달라지지만 일정한 경향을 보여주지는 않았다. 개발된 제동패드의 평균 마찰계수는 0.35~0.45의 범위에 있고 마찰재 소재만을 바꾼 경우는 21.6dB(A), 구조를 변경한 경우는 17.3dB(A) 만큼 최대 소음을 줄일 수 있었다.