• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.167-175
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• 2015

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of drought stress on the accumulation of glucosinolates (GSLs) in the leaves of Kale cultivated in autumn and spring. HPLC analysis guided to identify seven GSLs including progoitrin, glucoraphanin, sinigrin, gluconapin, glucobrassicin, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin and neoglucobrasscin. Quantification of GSLs revealed that the contents of sigirin was the highest (45%) followed by the level of progoitrin (24%) in terms of total GSLs. The ranges of total GSL contents was 1.16 (84)-15.88 (89 DAS, ${\mu}mol/g$ dry wt. (DW)) in treatment plot and 1.23 (84)-7.05 (74 DAS, ${\mu}mol/g$ dry wt.) in control plot showed the enhancement in the contents of GSLs in treatment than in the control plot. The present results evidenced that the variation of total GSL contents were depending on the harvest period. In 105 DAS, comparatively no differences in the GSL contents on each sample in autumn season, whereas in spring season, although there was decrease in the GSLs tendency from 74 DAS to 84 DAS in both control and treatment plot, the GSL contents of treatment plot was dramatically increased in 89 DAS. In treatment plot, the GSL contents on 89 DAS (1.16) was 15 fold higher to 84 DAS ($15.88{\mu}mol/g$ DW). The variation in the contents of GSL in spring and autumn did not documented significant differences because of their differences in the growth time and cultivation conditions. In conclusion, the GSL contents in kale was likely to be affected by drought stress treatment. Scrutiny and further research for exact relation between drought stress and GSL contents in kale should be needed.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.72-72
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• 2019

This study compared the growth characteristics of A. gigas according to the transplanting season, in the cultivation located in Yeongju, Gyeongsangbuk-do, transplanted in the autumn and spring. As a result of that the plant survival rate were observed the highest autumn transplanting (9.4%; autumn-92.2%, spring-82.8%) and bolting rate were observed lowest spring transplanting (7.1%; autumn-37.3%, spring-30.2%). Growth characteristics (height, leaf length and width, stem diameter) were observed the highest autumn transplanting in June and highest spring transplanting in August. The early growth is high growth due to long rooting time in autumn transplanting, but the difference in the ground growth between the two experiments was insignificant when the main growth period was from June to August. Further analysis of the growth characteristics and marker components of roots of A. gigas can be used to determine the optimal planting time and the establishment of high quality cultivation technology.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.191-199
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• 2009

Fisheries resources collected by set net in the Mizo fishing ground off Namhae Island were studied from March to December 2004 to determine species composition and catch variation. The water temperature of the fishing ground ranged $10.9{\sim}25.1^{\circ}C$ A total of 69,147.5 kg comprising 39 species was caught during the survey period. Most of the catch was fishes (33 species); others included cephalopods (5 species) and crustaceans (1 species). The dominant species were migratory, such as Trichiurus lepturus, Ammodytes personatus, Engraulis japonicus, and Scomberomorus niphonius, and accounted for 81.2% of the total catch. Sub-dominant species were Sardinops melanostictus, Acanthopagrus schlegeli, shrimps, and Todarodes pacificus, but they accounted for only 12.1% of the total. The catch by set net during the fishing period was much higher in spring and in autumn than in summer, relating to the recruitment of dominant species. Although the number of species had a tendency to decreased after summer, the catch in autumn was also higher than that in spring due to high temperatures (>$17^{\circ}C$ and seasonal variation of dominant species. The dominant species in spring were A. personatus and E. japonicus and in autumn were T. lepturus, S. niphonius, and E. japonicus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.455-466
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• 2014

Seasonal variations in species composition of catches were explored using seasonal samples caught by shrimp beam trawl in the Geum river estuary in 2011. During the study period, total catches were collected 91 species as fish 47 species, crustacean 28 species, mollusca 4 species, gastropoda 5 species, shellfish 3 species and others 4 species. The dominant species were Exopalaemon carinicauda, Eriocheir leptognathus, Palaemon gravieri, Mugil cephalus, Acanthogobius hasta, Cynoglossus joyneri, Pennahia argentata and Coilia nasus. The amount of species in spring and summer was higher than in autumn. The diversity index (H') was 0.43~0.96, evenness index (EI) was 0.14~0.25, and richness index (RI) was 1.54~4.25. Using cluster analysis 91 species were divided into 4 groups. Group I appeared mainly in spring and summer. Group II appeared only in summer. Group III appeared in winter and spring, and Group IV in spring and autumn.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 1974

This study was carried out to observe the possibility of special rearing of young silkworm for a simple cooperative rearing in the indoor vinyl house. The results of this study are as follows. 1. Temperature and humidity were regulated reasonably in the indoor vinyl house in comparison with general rearing and covered rearing with damp-proof and all workings in it were more convenient. 2. Duration of silkworm life was same in the covered rearing with damp-proof and indoor vinyl house, but general rearing was longer spring rearing silkworm period, 5 hours and autumn young silkworm period. 6 hours than indoor vinyl house. 3. In the mortality ratio, missing larvae of general rearing was more than any other treatments in spring and autumn. There was no difference between covered rearing with damp-proof and indoor vinyl house rearing, but missing larvae seemed to be a little indoor vinyl house. 4. In the individual cocoon ratio there was no significance in spring and autumn, but best cocoon ratio was high in the special rearing and good and low cocoon ratio was high in the general rearing. 5. In the cocoon weight of 10,000 3rd moulted silkworm. cocoon weight of general rearing was less than any other treatments in spring rearing season, and that of covered rearing with damp-proof and indoor vinyl house rearing It was same result. 6. There was no significance in the cocoon layer ratio in spring and autumn, but that of covered rearing with damp-proof and indoor vinyl house was high in comparison with general rearing. 7. As showed above, it is considered that the rearing of indoor vinyl house is worth as special rearing of young silkworm for simple cooperative rearing because it showed good records with three times feedings a day in comparison with general rearing and covered rearing with damp-proof.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 1992

A study on the seasonal changes of the benthic macroinvertebrate community was performed on the intertidal rocky shores ao eastern coast of Cheju island and U-do throughout four seasons from october 1991 to August 1992. The macroinvertebrates were composed of 10 phyla, 18 classes, 39 orders, 94 families and 201 species. the number of speecies were 183 in summer, 147 in autumn, 138 in spring and 94 in winter, respectively. The total wpecies collected throuhout the study period were 193 species in U-do and 151 species in the eastern coast of Cheju Island. Nodilittorina exigua was the most dominant species in all seasons, followed by Monodonta neritoides in spring, autumn and winter, and pollicipes mitella in summer. U-do was higher in species diversity and richness and lower in evenness than the eastern coast. Species diversity and richness were higher in summer than any other seasons in lower intertidal zones. Community dominance indices, however, were significantly higher in upper intertidal zones than in lower intertidal zones.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.55-64
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• 1978

The present investigations were carried out for the purpose of making clear the fundamental features of the seasonal variations in carrageenan content and its chemical composition. The samples, Chondrus ocellatus, were collected every month from the same locality on the coast of Haewundae from March, 1975 to February, 1976, and analyzed monthly to determine their carrageenan content, sulphate and 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose over a year period. En addition, some chemical characteristics were also tested on the fractions separated by the different concentrations of potassium chloride. In seasonal variation, the maximum carrageenan content occurred from summer through autumn, and the minimum in winter, especially in February. It is noted in the seasonal variations of the sulphate content of total carrageenan and three fractions that the maximums appreared in October and minimums in february. With seasonal variations of percent 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose of total carrageenan and three fractions, maximum values occur in June and minimum values in December. Seasonal variations in sulphate and 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose contents of the three fractions were on the whole similar in mode of variation, and there could be no substancial differences. Seeing seasonal variations in the sulphate and 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose contents of three fractions, carrageenan extracted from the algae gathered in spring shelved higher portion of fraction I than that gathered in autumn. In these respects, it seems that a more weakly gelling k-carrageenan exists in the spring than in the autumn.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.51-55
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• 2020

A new silkworm variety, Juhwangjam, was bred for the producing of light pink colored cocoon. The Juhwangjam variety was selected and succeeded from the F1 of 2303 × BP Heehong in 2016 autumn. Hatchability (96%) and pupation percentage (97.6%) of Juhwangjam was matched to the authorization criteria for commercial silkworm variety. Laval period and other economical characters of Juhwangjam were similar to the authorized silkworm variety, Goldensilk. Cocoon yield of Juhwangjam in spring and autumn season was 20.0 and 14.3 kg, respectively. Therefore, a new silkworm variety, Juhwangjam for light pink cocoon, might be adaptable to culture in spring season rather than autumn season.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.90-100
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• 2021

In the north and northeast of Cheonsu Bay, short-term fluctuations of surface water temperature are large owing to shallow water depth, weak current, and freshwater runoff. However, in the south of the bay, water temperature fluctuations are small owing to the inflow of offshore water by tidal currents. The water temperature in the north of the bay is higher in spring and summer than in the south of the bay, but lower in autumn and winter. During spring season, the fluctuation in the northern surface water temperature is the highest. The temperature fluctuations owing to tides are in phase with the tide in autumn and winter, and in the reverse phase with the tide in spring and summer. The dominant periods of water temperature fluctuations are half a day, daily, 15 days, and 1 month owing to the tide and 7 to 10 days, which are estimated based on atmospheric factors. Half a day and daily water temperature fluctuations are also highly correlated with air temperature and wind fluctuations. The sea area where water temperature fluctuations are highly correlated is divided into the north and south of the bay. The fluctuation phase is faster in the north of the bay than in the south or in the center.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 1989

Experiments were conducted to investigate the optimum season for mulberry graftages harvesting before the period of natural leaf fall in autumn. Harvesting season was examined at 10 days intervals from September 30 to November 20, 1985 and 1986, at nine sites in eight provinces. The results were : 1. Diameter of graftages increased until October 30. 2. Early harvest of graftages decreased survived rate, number of shoots, and total shoot length the next spring. The October 30 harvest yielded the best growth the following spring. 3. Harvests after October 20 allowed for good survial of mulberry shoots and sprouting the following spring. 4. Total N and P in plants increased with late harvests, K decreased, and Ca content was not affected by harvest date. 5. Total N, P, and Ca were higher in stem cortex than root bark, while K appeared to be equally distributed between root and shoot bark.