• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.566-569
• /
• 1999

The blue emitting BAM Phosphor Particles with various compositions were Prepared by the spray Pyrolysis. The effect of composition on the morphology of BAM particles was Investigated. In the case of BaMgAl$_{10}$ /O$_{22}$ : Eu$^{2+}$, the morphology of particles with sphericity and non-aggregation characteristics disappeared after post-treatment at 1400 $^{\circ}C$ for 3 hrs. On the other hand, the ocher composition particles except BaMgAl$_{10}$ /O$_{22}$ : Eu$^{2+}$ maintained their original morphology after post-treatment, even if the particles were prepared at low temperatures in the spray pryrolysis. The BAM particles with MgAl$_{2}$/O$_4$as intermediate material at low post-treatment temperature had high thermal stability and maintained sphericity of particles after post-treatment. All the samples had main omission peak at 450 nm, which corresponds to blue emission. The optimum post-treatment temperature of BAM:Eu$^{2+}$ particles for the maximum PL(photoluminescence) intensity in the spray pylolysis was 1200 $^{\circ}C$ because of high crystallinity, Phase-Purity, and good morphology.ology.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.79-82
• /
• 2018

Background and Objectives : Laryngeal contact granuloma is benign inflammatory disease induced by excessive mechanical contact of larynx such as endotracheal intubation, voice abuse, laryngeal microsurgery as well as laryngopharygeal reflux. Because it is caused by various risk factors, multiple treatment modalities are required. The purpose of study is to evaluate treatment effect of topical steroid through nasal cavity in contact granuloma. Materials and Method : Fifty-two patients were enrolled in this study with exception of intubation granuloma. Patients were classified with four groups (Proton pump inhibitor (PPI), Nasal steroid spray (SPR), PPI+SPR, Observation) according to treatment modality. Results : Patients who treated with PPI (Odds ratio 2.45, p=0.03) and combination of PPI and SPR (Odds ratio 2.88, p<0.01) had significantly better response than patients who not treated with medical therapy. Conclusion : Combination therapy of nasal steroid spray and PPI is effective for contact granuloma of larynx and considered as a treatment of choice rather than PPI only treatment.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.89-90
• /
• 2022

Arc metal spraying is a widely used method for improving the performance of construction structures such as corrosion resistance and electromagnetic wave shielding. However, when arc metal spraying is applied to a concrete structure, adhesion performance may deteriorate. Therefore, the effect of each surface treatment method on the physical properties between the arc metal spray coating and concrete was reviewed by evaluating the deposition efficiency and adhesion performance according to the arc metal spray surface treatment method (surface reinforcing agent, roughening agent, and sealing agent). As a result, it is suggested as an optimal surface treatment condition to induce non-interface failure by using a roughening agent and to improve the properties of concrete and metal coatings by applying a surface reinforcing agent and sealing agent.

• 한국분무공학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.178-184
• /
• 2019

Diesel engines have the advantages of higher thermal efficiency and lower CO2 emissions than gasoline engines, but have the disadvantages that particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions are greater than those of gasoline engines. In particular, nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted from diesel engines generates secondary ultrafine dust (PM2.5) through photochemical reactions in the atmosphere, which is fatal to humans. In order to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx), pre-treatment systems such as EGR, post-treatment systems such as LNT and Urea SCR have been actively studied. The Urea SCR consists of an injection device injecting urea agent and a catalytic device for reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx). The nitrogen oxide (NOx) reduction performance varies greatly depending on the urea uniformity in the exhaust pipe. In this study, spray characteristics according to the spray hole structure were confirmed, and the influence of spray uniformity on spray characteristics was studied through engine evaluation.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.243-258
• /
• 2012

본 시험은 유기농업 농가에서 이용하는 수정벌 방사와 일반 농가에서 이용하는 식물생장조절제 처리에 대한 기초연구로서 수정벌 방사 및 식물생장조절제 처리가 가지의 수량 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시한 시험의 결과는 다음과 같다. 가지의 수량은 수정벌 방사와 Tomatotone을 개화당일 화방살포한 처리구에서 수량이 가장 높았고, Tomatotone과 $GA_3$을 엽면살포한 것이, Tomatotone 처리와 화방살포한 것이 좋았다. 상품과율은 수정벌 방사와 Tomatotone을 개화당일 화방살포한 처리구에서 가장 높았으며, 수량과 마찬가지로 Tomatotone과 $GA_3$ 처리는 엽면살포한 처리구에서, Tomatotone 처리는 화방살포한 처리구에서 대체적으로 높았다. 잎내의 무기성분 중 전질소함량은 Tomatotone을 6일 간격으로 엽면살포한 처리구에서, 인산은 Tomatotone을 개화당일 화방살포한 처리구에서, 칼륨은 Tomatotone과 $GA_3$을 6일 간격으로 엽면살포한 처리구에서, 칼슘은 Tomatotone과 $GA_3$을 개화 2~3일전에 화방살포한 처리구에서, 마그네슘은 수정벌 방사와 Tomatotone을 개화당일 화방살포한 처리구에서, 회분은 Tomatotone과 $GA_3$을 3일 간격으로 엽면살포한 처리구에서 가장 많았다. 줄기내의 무기성분 중 전질소함량은 Tomatotone을 개화당일에 화방살포한 처리구에서, 인산, 칼륨 및 마그네슘은 Tomatotone을 3일 간격으로 엽면살포한 처리구에서, 칼슘은 Tomatotone을 개화 2~3일전에 화방살포한 처리구에서, 회분은 Tomatotone을 개화당일에 화방살포한 처리구와 3일 간격으로 엽면살포한 처리구에서 많았다. 과실내의 무기성분 중 전질소함량은 Tomatotone과 $GA_3$을 6일 간격으로 엽면살포한 처리구에서, 인산은 Tomatotone을 3일 간격으로 엽면살포한 처리구에서, 칼륨과 회분은 Tomatotone과 $GA_3$을 개화당일에 화방살포한 처리구에서, 칼슘과 마그네슘은 Tomatotone과 $GA_3$을 개화 2~3일전에 화방살포한 처리구에서 가장 많았다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합하면 유기농업 농가에서 이용하는 수정벌 방사가 식물생장조절제 처리를 대용할 만큼 효과가 인정되었으며, 가지의 착과와 상품과의 수량을 증대시키기 위해서는 수정벌 방사와 Tomatotone을 혼용해서 사용하면 수분노력이 절감되고 수량도 식물생장조절제를 처리한 것보다 높았으나 재배시기 및 작형에 따른 연구가 뒤따라야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.119-128
• /
• 2024

Background: In pediatric dentistry, fear and anxiety are common among children. Local anesthetics (LA) are widely used to control pain and reduce discomfort in children during dental treatment. Topical anesthetics play a vital role in reducing pain and the unpleasant sensation of a needle puncture in children. Peppermint oil has been extensively used for various diseases. However, its anesthetic properties remain unknown. Peppermint oil, used in mouthwashes, toothpastes, and other topical preparations has analgesic, anesthetic, and antiseptic properties. This study aimed to compare and evaluate pain perception following the topical application of peppermint oil versus lignocaine spray before an intraoral injection in children, aged 8-13 years. Method: Fifty-two children, aged between 8-13 years, who required local anesthesia for dental treatment were divided into two groups of 26 each by simple random sampling (Group 1: 0.2% peppermint oil and Group 2: lignocaine spray). In both groups, physiological measurements (e.g., heart rate) were recorded using pulse oximetry before, during, and after the procedure. Objective pain measurement (Sound Eye Motor (SEM) scale) during administration and subjective measuremeant (Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFPRS)) after LA administration were recorded. This was followed by the required treatment of the child. Physiological parameters were compared between the two groups using an independent t-test for intergroup assessment and a paired t-test and repeated-measures ANOVA for intragroup comparisons. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the pain scores. Results: Intragroup mean heart rates, before, during, and after treatment were statistically significantly different (P < 0.05). However, the intergroup mean pulse rates did not differ significantly between the two groups. The mean WBFPS score in the lignocaine spray group was 4.133 ± 2.06 was statistically different from that of the peppermint oil group (0.933 ± 1.03; P < 0.001^*). The mean SEM score was significantly lower in the peppermint oil group than that in the lignocaine spray group (P = 0.006). No negative effects were observed in this study. Conclusion: 0.2% peppermint oil was effective in reducing pain perception.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2015년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.34-35
• /
• 2015

Recently, introduction of Advanced water treatment facilities has been increasing due to serious domestic water pollution. Ozone is a strong oxidizing materials in the advanced water treatment facilities. However, due to such a strong oxidation, Ozone eroded waterproofing/corrosion on the concrete surface and caused performance degradation. Therefore, in this study, permeability experiment of metal spraying system by concrete surface treatment was conducted.

• 한국분말재료학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.245-252
• /
• 2013

This study attempted to manufacture a Cu-Ga coating layer via the cold spray process and to investigate the applicability of the layer as a sputtering target material. In addition, changes made to the microstructure and properties of the layer due to annealing heat treatment were evaluated, compared, and analyzed. The results showed that coating layers with a thickness of 520 mm could be manufactured via the cold spray process under optimal conditions. With the Cu-Ga coating layer, the ${\alpha}$-Cu and $Cu_3Ga$ were found to exist inside the layer regardless of annealing heat treatment. The microstructure that was minute and inhomogeneous prior to thermal treatment changed to homogeneous and dense with a more clear division of phases. A sputtering test was actually conducted using the sputtering target Cu-Ga coating layer (~2 mm thickness) that was additionally manufactured via the cold-spray coating process. Consequently, this test result confirmed that the cold sprayed Cu-Ga coating layer may be applied as a sputtering target material.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.68-75
• /
• 2018

기존의 정수처리 방법으로는 제거되지 않는 물질이 발생함에 고도정수 처리 시설의 도입이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 오존을 이용한 고도정수처리 시설의 내부 방수 방식재는 오존의 산화력에 의해 열화되며 콘크리트까지 영향을 미쳐 내구성 저하의 원인이 된다. 본 연구에서는 내오존성 및 내화학성이 뛰어난 금속 패널을 기존의 시공법 보다 손쉬운 방법으로 시공하기 위한 방법으로 금속용사 공법을 이용하여 수처리 시설 콘크리트 구조물의 열화를 원천적으로 방지하기 위한 마감공법 개발 연구의 일원으로 용사금속 종류 및 피막의 표면처리 방법에 따른 내오존성 평가를 실시하였으며, 오존처리 후의 부착강도를 평가하였다. 실험결과 용사금속 Ti이 용사 후에도 내오존성이 뛰어난 것으로 나타났으며 표면처리 방법으로는 테프론계 봉공처리제를 사용하여 마감하는 것이 내오존성 및 부착성능 확보에 가장 적합한 방법이라 판단된다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.1481-1486
• /
• 2004

This report presents experimental results on the heat transfer coefficients in the boiling region of spray cooling for actual metallurgical process. In this study, the heat flux distribution of a two dimensional dilute spray impinging on hot plate was experimentally investigated. Based on the experimental results, they classified the heat transfer area into the stagnation region and wall-flow region. In the stagnation region, the local heat transfer coefficient relates mainly to the droplet-flow-rate supplied from spray nozzle directly, so the local heat transfer coefficients is good agreement with the predicted values from correlation for spray cooling proposed by former report However, the local heat transfer coefficient in wall-flow region is larger than predicted values, and it is found that the rebounding droplets-flow-rate must be accurately evaluated to predict the local heat transfer coefficient in this region.