• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.449-457
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• 1996

The main purpose of this study was to investigate sulfur dioxide removal performance of flue gas desulfurization system utilizing a Spray Absorption/Drying Reactor. In this system, the size of droplets was considered the most significant factor and tested using a PDA system. Lime slurry flow rate, operating temperature, calcium/sulfur (Ca/S) ratio and applied air pressure were selected as major operation variables and tested/analyzed in terms of system performance. The results are as follows. 1. The $SO_2$ removal efficiencies were 49%, 74%, 85% for Ca$(OH)_2$ slurry flow rate of 10, 20, 30 ml/min, which implies that the increase of slurry flow rate improves removal efficiency. The optimum slurry flow rate in this study was, however, considered 20 ml/min because of constraints of system troubles and absorbent utilization. 2. As Ca/S ratio increased, $SO_2$ removal efficiency was observed to increase. 3. As air pressure, at the atomizing nozzole, increased from 3 to 5 $kg/cm^2, SO_2$ removal efficiency increased from 74% to 80%, because of droplet size reduction due to pressure increase during atomizing process and the increase of surface area, helping mass transfer between gas and liquid phase.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.34-44
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• 1999

The purposes of this study were to evaluate engine performance and to analyze smoke emission characteristics for varied injection pressures and engine operating conditions of an electronically-controlled ultra high pressure fuel injection system(UHPFIS). It was discovered that the engine performance with the present UHPFIS was far better than what was initially expected. And the UHPFIS permitted engine operation at air/fuel ratios richer than 20 : 1 without increasing smoke emissions. It was discovered that the indicated mean effective pressure was increased, while the specific fuel consumption and the amount of soot were decreased, as the fuel rail pressures were improved atomization of the fuel spray. As the intake air temperature was increased from $38\sim205^{\circ}C$ in 38 degree increments, the indicated mean effective pressure was dropped while the specific fuel consumption was increased.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2015

This study discusses a fuel injector test bench containing a mechanical type fuel supply system for heavy duty diesel engine. The main focus of this study was to evaluate the design stability of the test bench, which basically measures the injector durability of a multi-hole heavy duty injector by using pure diesel as a test fuel. In this experiment, diesel spray was controlled by a specially designed control box and all the experiments were carried out to measure e.g. fuel injection pressure and fuel injection quantity to understand the injection status which is interlinked with the stability factor of total test bench design. Also, the durability test was performed to understand the heavy duty operation lastingness of the designed system and the flow rate of the installed distributor pump in the fuel supply system of this studying test bench was compared with LO-1 and LO-2 pump. The results of the above mention tests revealed that the injector test bench design and control system can serve the purpose for heavy duty injector.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.162-168
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• 2005

A methodology for the objective evaluation of water repellency is studied using image analysis of the sprayed pattern on woven fabrics according to a standard spray test (AATCC Test Method 22-2001). The wet area ratio obtained from the spray standard test ranking is found to be exponentially related with its water repellency rating. Mean filtering is used to remove the effect of weave texture and the transmitted light through interyarn spaces. The ring frame of the instrument and wet region are recognized using Otsu thresholding technique. And Hough transform and outline operation are used to obtain the size and position of the ring frame. The objective assessment of the water repellency using image processing can reduce unnecessary confusion in the subjective determination of the water repellency.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권9호
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• pp.1764-1768
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• 2009

As the demand of electric power is increasing rapidly, the need of the compact and light electric power device is also increased. Copper clad aluminum (CCA) is newly proposed electrical conductor, because of its light-weight and low-cost characteristics, to replace the existing conductor made of copper. This paper presents the salt-proof characteristics of the copper clad aluminum (CCA) to certificate long time safe operation of the newly proposed electrical conductor. The two types of the CCA conductor were tested in the neutral salt spray tester. The experimental results of two types of the CCA with salt spray were presented in this paper. The results comprise resistance measured data, micro picture of the selected surface, and component measured data according to the elapsed time. The period of the experiment was 1,000 hours. There was no evidence to show the corrosion of CCA during the whole period of the experiments.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2000

It is well known that the combustion phenomenon of diesel engine is an unsteady turbulent diffusion combustion. Therefore, the combustion performance of diesel engine is related to a complex phenomenon which involves the various factors of combustion, such as a injection pressure, injection timing, injection rate, and operation conditions of engine. In this study, the spray and the flame development processes in a single cylinder D.I. diesel visualization engine which uses the electronically controlled injection system were visualized to interpret the complicated combustion phenomenon by using high speed CCD camera. In addition, the cylinder pressure and heat release rate were also obtained in order to analyze the diesel combustion characteristics under several engine conditions.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.1115-1120
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• 2007

본 논문은 기둥 구조의 전극이 내부에 존재하는 노즐을 이용한 정전 분무 마이크로 추진 장치의 새로운 메커니즘을 제시하였다. 기둥 구조의 노즐로 인한 제팅의 효율 증진을 수치적 및 실험적으로 연구하였다. 노즐 상부에 존재하는 전극에 인가된 전압으로 인하여 액면에 형성된 전기장은 액체의 분무를 가능하게 하며 기둥 구조의 전극은 액면의 중앙 부분에 전기장이 집중되도록 하여 제팅을 효율적으로 할 수 있게 하였다. 또한 노즐 크기에 따른 필요한 인가전압의 차이에 대한 연구를 수행하였으며 본 연구로부터 수 마이크로미터의 노즐에 대해서 500V 이하의 전압에서 구동이 가능함을 보였다.

• 청정기술
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.80-95
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• 1996

반건식 배연탈황공정에서 사용되는 spray dryer absorber(SDA)에 대한 수치모사를 행하였다. 기본 방정식으로는 기체와 액적의 각 성분들의 물질수지식, 에너지수지식과 액적의 운동 방정식등이 포함되었다. 만들어진 모델은 대부분이 기존의 SPRAYMOD-M보다 실제의 pilot plant data를 더 잘 모사하였다. 실제 pilot plant에서 사용되는 값의 범위 내에서 선정된 공정변수가 SDA의 성능에 미치는 효과를 계산하고, 이를 $SO_2$의 흡수속도, 배연기체의 체류시간, 그리고 액적의 건조시간 및 속도 등에 의해 검토하였다. 또 $SO_2$ 제거율을 두 개의 독립된 공정 변수의 함수로 구하였으며, 그 결과를 3차원 또는 2차원의 등가선으로 표시하여 SDA의 설계에 쉽게 적용될 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2004

η$_{evap}$분자량에 따라 다양한 생리활성을 나타내는 아가리쿠스버섯에서 분리한 조단백다당류를 고부가가치 기능성 소재로 개발하기 위하여 막분리 및 분무건조 공정에 따른 특성을 조사하였다. 아가리쿠스버섯 조단백다당류를 분자량 크기에 따라 여과하는 동안 공정온도에 따른 투과플럭스의 변화는 10 kDa와 130 kDa 모두에서 유사하였는데, 막분리 온도 및 압력이 증가함에 따라 비례적으로 증가하였으며, 4$0^{\circ}C$에서의 투과플럭스가 가장 높았다. 시간에 따른 투과플럭스의 변화는 막분리 30분 경과시 급속히 감소하였으며, pore size가 10 kDa와 150 kDa일 때 공정압력이 각각 1.2kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$와 2kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$에서 가장 높았다. 한외여과 후 아가리쿠스버섯 조단백다당류의 점도는 여과 전 13.9cP에서 여과후 10kDa이 하와 10∼150 kDa구간은 각각 10.8, 11.9cP로 점도가 저하되었으나, 150 kDa이상은 20.1cP로 점도가 증가되었다. 분자량 크기가 다른 3가지 분획물에 대한 분무건조 공정에서의 열효율성은 가열공기온도, 시료공급속도 및 농도가 증가할수록 열효율성이 증가함을 알 수 있었으며, 시료공급속도가 가장 중요한 영향인자임을 확인하였다.다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2014

The high velocity oxygen fuel spraying (HVOF) is a kind of surface modification process technology to form the sprayed coating layer after spraying the powder to molten or semi-molten state by the ultra-high speed at the high-temperature heat source and conflicting with a substrate. It is desirable to melt completely the thermal spray powder in order to produce the coating layer with an optimal adhesion, however, because a semi-molten powder in a spray process has the low efficiency and become a factor that degrades the mechanical property by the inducement of pore-forming within the coating layer. To improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and heat resistance, in this study, the plungers of high-speed and ultra-high pressure reciprocating hydraulic pumps for oil and water used in ironwork are produced with $420J_2$ and the coating layers of plungers are formed by the powders of WC-Co-Cr and WC-Cr-Ni including the high hardness WC. The surface of these plungers is modified by the super-mirror face grinding machine using variable air pressure developed in this laboratory, and then the characteristics of cross-sectional microstructure, and surface roughness and hardness values between no operation and 100 days-operation are examined and made a comparison. The fine tops and bottoms on surface roughness curve of oil-hydraulic pump plunger sprayed by WC-Cr-Ni are molded more and higher than those of water-hydraulic pump sprayed by WC-Co-Cr because the plunger diameter of oil-hydraulic pump is 0.4 times smaller than that of water-hydraulic pump and the pressure of oil-hydraulic pump exerted on the plunger is operated with the 70 bars higher than that of water-hydraulic pump. As a result, it is found that the values of centerline average surface roughness and maximum height for oil-hydraulic pump plunger are bigger than those of water-hydraulic pump plunger.