• 제목/요약/키워드: Sprague Dawley rats

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카리니주폐포자충 장염에 대한 여러 포유동물 및 흰쥐 계통에 따른 감수성 (Susceptibility of various animals to Pneumocystis carinii infection)

  • 홍성태;박계현;이순형
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.277-282
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    • 1992
  • 국내에서 카리니주폐포자충(Pneumocystis carinii, 이하 Pc) 연구에 적합한 동물모델을 개발하고자, 총 7종류 의 실험동물(흰쥐, 기니픽, 햄스터, 개, 고양이, 토끼 및 돼지)에 methyl prednisolone(Depomedrol", Korea Upiohn Ltd.)을 주사하여 면역억제를 유발하고 폐를 슬라이드 글라스에 문질러 도말표본을 만들었다. 도말표본을 Diff Quik 염색 후 광학현미경으로 관찰하여 Pc의 감염전도를 음성 (0), 0.5+, 1+, 2+ 및 3+의 5등급으로 구분하였다. 실험동물 중 흰쥐에서만 Pc폐염이 유발되고 다른 동물에서는 Pc를 관찰하지 못하였다. 대부분 의 동물은 전신쇠약의 증세를 보였으며, 대체로 면역억제 6주경부터 사망하기 시작하였다. 흰쥐의 경우 실험한 세 계통 모두에서 감염을 확인하였다. Sprague-Dawley 흰쥐의 경우 총 136마리 중 86마리63.2%)가 Pc 감염 되었고, Fisher 휜쥐는 76마리 중 63마리 (82.9%)에서, Wistar 흰쥐는 106마리 중 77마리 (72.6%)에서 Pc 감염 이 양성이었다. 감염정도와 시기에서도 차이가 있어서 Wistar 흰쥐에서 더 이른 시기에 높은 감염정도로 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과에 의하면 Pc 병원체를 얻기에는 흰쥐 세 계통 중 Wistar 흰쥐가 Pc연구에 가장 적합한 실험동물이고 그외의 실험동물은 Pc 감염에 적합하지 않음을 확인하였다.

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GST의 Sprague-Dawley Rat를 이용한 단회 경구투여 독성시험 및 4주 반복 경구투여 용량결정시험 (Single Oral Dose Toxicity Test and Four Weeks Repeated Oral Dose Determination Test of GST in Sprague-Dawley Rats)

  • 한종민;홍지희;이혜영;정인철;진미림;김승형;박양춘
    • 대한한방내과학회지
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    • 제34권4호
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    • pp.349-361
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    • 2013
  • Objectives : This study aimed to evaluate the single oral dose toxicity and four weeks repeated dose determination of Gamisasangja-tang (GST) in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods : In the single oral toxicity study, rats were orally administered a single dose of 0 and 5,000 mg/kg GST. There were 5 rats in each group. After single administration, mortality, clinical signs, body weight changes and gross pathological finding were observed for 14 days. In the 4-weeks repeated oral dose determination study, rats were orally administered a single dose of 0, 1,250, 2,500 or 5,000 mg/kg GST. There were 5 rats in each group. Mortality, clinical signs, body weight changes, food consumption and gross pathological finding were observed for 28 days. Organ weight, clinical chemistry and hematology were tested after 28 days. Results : There was no mortality in either of the two studies. There were also no significant differences in clinical sign, body weight, organ weights, hematological or serum chemical parameters between the GST and control groups. Conclusions : The results obtained in this study suggest that the 50% lethal dose of GST is over 5,000 mg/kg, so this finding would be expected to provide scientific evidence for the safety of GST.

Clean Natural의 Sprague-Dawley 랫드를 이용한 4주 반복경구투여 독성시험 (Four-Week Repeated Oral Toxicity Study of Clean Natural in Sprague-Dawley Rats)

  • 김의경;김준영;이후장
    • Toxicological Research
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.263-269
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    • 2005
  • This study was performed to investigate repeated-dose toxicities of Clean natural, a new disinfectant, in Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats. In the 4-week repeated oral toxicity study, Clean Natural was orally administered once daily via gavage to male and female rats at dose levels of 0, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg body weight for 4-weeks. There were no deaths and clinical signs during the dosing period. In both sexes, there were no statistically significant differences between the administered and control groups in urinalysis indicators and hematological parameters. In serum biochemistry, aspartate aminotransferase(AST) was significantly decreased and sodium content was increased in the 2,000 mg/kg male group, while chlorine was significantly decreased in the 2,000 mg/kg female group. Also, albumin, total cholesterol and total bilirubin were significantly increased in the 2,000 mg/kg male and female group. In histopathological examinations, centrilobular hepatocellular hypertrophy in the liver was observed in the 2,000 mg/kg male and female groups. And pigmentation in the spleen was observed in the 2,000 mg/kg male group. In conclusion, four-week repeated oral dose of Clean Natural to rats did not cause apparent toxicological change at the dose less than 2,000 mg/kg body weight. Thus it is suggested that no-observed adverse-effect level(NOAEL) for Clean Natural in rats was considered to be 1,000 mg/kg/day.

산수유, 보골지 복합추출물의 Sprague-Dawley rat를 이용한 단회경구투여 독성시험 (Single Oral Dose Toxicity Test of Standardized Cornus officinalis and Psoralea corylifolia L. Extracts in Sprague-Dawley Rat)

  • 진보람;강현애;;김명석;이광호;윤일주;안효진
    • 대한본초학회지
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    • 제34권3호
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    • pp.31-36
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    • 2019
  • Objectives : In this animal study, we performed the single oral dose toxicity test of Standardized Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. and Psoralea corylifolia L. 30% ethanol extract (SCP) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats owing to aims for verifying approximate lethal dose (ALD). Methods : According to OECD guidelines for the testing of chemicals section 4 health effects test No. 420 acute oral toxicity study - fixed dose procedure (17 December 2001), single oral dose toxicity test was performed. Animals were divided into two groups: Group 1, vehicle-treated rats (Control); Group 2, SCP 5000 mg/kg treated rats. SCP is composed of two medicinal herbs: Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. (650 g) and Psoralea corylifolia L. (350 g) in 30% ethanol. SCP was once orally administered to female and male SD rats at dose levels of 5000 mg/kg. Animals were monitored on the mortality, clinical signs, body weight changes and necropsy findings for 14 days. Results : After single oral treatment of SCP, we could not find any mortality up to 5000 mg/kg. Compared with the control group, there were also no significant differences in clinical sign, weight change, weight gain and gross abnormalities in SCP 5000 mg/kg-treated group. Conclusions : Taken together, these results suggest that the ALD of SCP in both female and male SD rats were considered as over 5000 mg/kg. Results from this study provide scientific evidence for the safety of SCP.

HBX-6의 Sprague-Dawley rat를 이용한 단회경구투여 독성시험 (Single Oral Dose Toxicity Test of HBX-6 in Sprague-Dawley Rat)

  • 진보람;서동욱;김명석;이광호;윤일주;김창은;안효진
    • 대한본초학회지
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    • 제33권1호
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    • pp.71-76
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    • 2018
  • Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the single oral toxicity of HBX-6 in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods : Twenty SD rats were randomly assigned to four groups of 5 rats each and were administrated singly to female and male SD rats, as an oral dose of 2000 mg/kg. HBX-6 is a newly combined Korean herbal medicine formula 30 % Ethanol extract derived from The Dongui Bogam. Now we are developing the prescription for the aim of improving benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) without undesirable side effects. HBX-6 is composed of nine medicinal herbs: Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata, Corni Fructus, Cistanchis Herba, Psoraleae Semen, Dendrobii Herba, Morindae Radix, Cuscutae Semen, Trigonellae Semen, Foeniculi Fructus. Animals were monitored for the mortality and changes in the body weight, clinical signs, gross observation and necropsy findings for the 14 days according to "Standard for Toxicity Study of Pharmaceuticals" of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) guideline and "Acute Oral Toxicity - Fixed Dose Procedure" of OECD Test Guideline. Results : We could not find any mortality. Compared with the control group, significant weight change was not observed in the experimental group. After administration, the more common symptoms were not observed. There were no gross abnormalities in all cases. Conclusions : Taken together, these results suggest that the approximate lethal dose of HBX-6 in both female and male SD rats were considered as over 2000 mg/kg.

반복적 부동화 스트레스가 흰쥐 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine 수용체에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Repeated Immobilization Stress on the Renal Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor in Rats)

  • 박용훈;문한구;신손문;이은주;이은실;하정희
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • 제3권1호
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    • pp.20-26
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    • 1999
  • 목 적 : 스트레스 유발 고혈압을 일으키는데 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체가 중요한 역할을 하리라 추정되어 왔다. 반복적 부동화 스트레스에 의한 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체의 변화 양상을 Sprague-Dawley rats와 boderline hypertensive rats의 두 실험동물군에서 비교, 관찰하여 고혈압을 유발하는데 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine 수용체의 병태생리학적 기능을 규명하고자 하였다. Benzodiazepine수용체의 변화 양상은 방사성 동위원소를 사용한 수용체 결합 반응으로 검색하였으며 elevated plus maze검사로 각 실험동물의 불안도를 측정하여 각 군간의 결과를 비교, 관찰하였다. 방 법 : 불안도를 보기 위하여 측정한 plus-maze performance에서 percent open crosses는 Sprague-Dawley rats ($34.7{\pm}2.2$)에 비해 boderline hypertensive rats ($16.2{\pm}1.7$)가 유의하게 낮았고(P<0.05), percent time in open도 Sprague-Dawley rats ($22.5{\pm}1.0$)에 비해 boderline hypertensive rats ($12.1{\pm}1.2$)가 유의하게 낮아 불안도가 높은 상태임을 나타내었다(P<0.05). 스트레스를 주지 않은 Sprague-Dawley rats의 신장 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체의 수(Bmax: $5.5{\pm}0.6$pmol/mg protein)에 비하여 boderline hypertensive rats의 수용체의 수($3.1{\pm}0.7$pmol/mg protein)는 유의하게 낮았다(P<0.05). 하루 2시간씩 14일간 부동화 스트레스를 부하하였을 때, Sprague-Dawley rats와 boderline hypertensive rats에서 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine 수용체의 수($7.4{\pm}0.7$$5.9{\pm}1.2$ pmol/mg protein)는 스트레스를 주지 않았을 때보다 증가하였으며(P<0.05), 스트레스에 노출된 boderline hypertensive rats는 스트레스에 노출된 Sprague-Dawley rats에 비하여 신장 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체의 수가 여전히 낮은 수준임을 관찰할 수 있었다(P<0.05). 결 론 : 이상의 결과로부터 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체는 스트레스 조절작용을 매개하며, 본 수용체의 수적 감소는 스트레스에 의한 고혈압 발생에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각되었다.

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당뇨 유발 흰쥐에서 여주열매 첨가 시 혈당과 콜레스테롤 수준에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Bitter Melon on Plasma Blood Glucose and Cholesterol Levels in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats)

  • 김명화
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제23권6호
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    • pp.704-712
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    • 2013
  • This study was designed to examine the effects of bitter melon (BM) on the plasma blood glucose and cholesterol levels in diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats through an injection of streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in a citrate buffer into the tail vein at a dose of 45 mg/kg of body weight. Sprague-Dawley rats were then fed for four weeks, with the experimental groups receiving a modified diet containing 5% or 10% powder derived from BM. The experimental groups were divided into 4 groups, consisting of the normal control group, STZ-control group and diabetic fed with BM 5% & 10% treated groups. The rats' body weight, blood glucose and cholesterol values were measured along with the hematocrit (Hct) values and aminotransferase activities. Body weight losses were observed in the diabetic groups, whereas the control rats gained weight. There were significant differences in kidney weight between the control group and the diabetic groups. The Hct levels of the diabetic BM-treated group were significantly higher than the STZ-control group. Aspartate aminotransferase activity was lower in the non-diabetic group compared to the diabetic experimental groups. Further, the blood glucose was significantly decreased in the 5% & 10% BM of the diabetic group. There were no significant difference in cholesterol levels among the diabetic groups. These results indicate that the supplementation of bitter melon may have a favorable influence on reducing the blood glucose level in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

Single Intramuscular-dose Toxicity of Samgihwalryeok-Pharmacopuncture in Sprague-Dawley Rats

  • Kim, Sung-Chul;Ahn, Seong-Hun
    • 대한약침학회지
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.46-56
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: This study was performed to examine the single-dose toxicity of Samgihwalryeok pharmacopuncture. Methods: Forty six-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups of 10 rats each; each group was then sub-divided into two smaller groups, one of five males and the other of five females. Group 1 (G1, control) received 1.0 mL of normal saline solution, while group 2 (G2, low-dose group), group 3 (G3, mid-does group, and group 4 (G4, high-dose group) received 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mL of Samgihwalryeok pharmacopuncture, respectively. Results: No mortalities or clinical signs were observed in the four groups. Also, no significant changes in body weights were observed among the group, and no significant differences in hematology/biochemistry, necropsy, or histopathology results were noted. Conclusion: The above findings suggest that treatment with Samgihwalryeok pharmacopuncture is relatively safe. Further studies on this subject are needed.

DWP-311의 랫드에 대한 아급성경구독성시험 (Subacute Oral Toxicity of DWP-311 in Sprague-Dawley Rats)

  • 김형식;곽승준;천선아;하한수;박현선;안미영;배기환;이병무
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제6권3호
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    • pp.328-336
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    • 1998
  • The subacute oral toxicity study of DWP-311 was carried out in Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes. We daily examined clinical signs, body weights, hematological and biochemical parameters, and histopathological examinations for 30 days after administration of DWP-311 with different dose levels (0, 0.04, 0.2, and 1.0 g/kg). There were no clinical signs and pathological changes compared with control group except slight decreases in spontaneous motor activities and locomotions at high dose group of DWP-311. Body weights were not significantly changed in animals treated with DWP-311, In histopathological examinations, there were 2 cases of pneumonia in control group for one male and one female, but it was not directly related to DWP-311. These results indicate that subacute oral toxicities of DWP-311 were low and the no-observed a dverse effect level (NOAEL) was considered to be 1.0 g/kg in rats.

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랫드에 대한 KDRD-010의 아급성경구독성시험 (Subacute Oral Toxicity of KDRD-010 in Rats)

  • 곽승준;김형식;임소영;천선아;박현선;홍채영;한하수;최병천;이병무
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제4권4호
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    • pp.314-322
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    • 1996
  • The subacute toxicity was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats orally treated with KDRD-010 at the doses of 0.056, 0.28, and 1.4 g/kg for one month. There were no clinical signs and pathological changes compared with control group. Body weights were not significantly changed between control and treatment groups. In hematological and biochemical serum parameters, all mean values appear to be within the normal range. In pathological examinations, hemorrhages of lung was observed in one male rat at low dose group and one female rat at high dose group of KDRD-010, but it was not considered to be caused by KDRD-010. These results suggest that KDRD-010 dose not induce any significant subacute oral toxicities in Sprague-Dawley rats.

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