• Title/Summary/Keyword: Spontaneous activity

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Spontaneous Achilles Tendon Rupture After Repeated Local Steroid Injention - A Case Report - (국소 스테로이드 반복 주사후 발생한 자발적 아킬레스건 파열 -증례 보고-)

  • Chung, Hyung-Jin;Choi, Jung-Yun
    • Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.218-220
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    • 2004
  • It is known that steroids increase the risk for tendon ruptures. Despite this local steroids are still used in the treatment of achilles tendinitis. 46-year-old women had occurred achilles tendon rupture after repeated local steroid injection. Intraoperatively, necrotic change were seen at both side of ruptured end. Like this, tendon rupture after repeated steroid injection often result in a large defect, which needed surgical repair. After debridement of ruptured end, tenorrhaphy with single Krackow method and plantaris tendon augmentation was done. The patient showed favorable result with return to range in a degree of activity levels.

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심정지액을 이용한 개심술에 있어서 심근 ATP에 대한 실험적 연구

  • Jo, Sung-Rae;Lee, Sung-Kwang
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.21-25
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    • 1980
  • This study was attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of cold cardioplegic solution [group B] compared with that of intermittent aortic cross clamping [group A]. 1. In group A, two dogs recovered spontaneous heart beat without using defibrillator and one case was used defibrillator once. In group B, four dogs recovered the spontaneous heart beat even without defibrillator and in one animal the defibrillator was used three times. 2. There was no significant difference in serum electrolyte [Na+, Ca2+, Cl- ] between group, but K+ level was decreased in both group. 3. The group A showed more increasing in serum LDH activity than group B. 4. The postoperative myocardial ATP level was $2.35{\pm}0.10$ ${\mu}$M/Gm. of wet weight in control group, $1.46{\pm}0.16$${\mu}$M/Gm. of wet weight in group A [60.2% of control group], and $1.80{\pm}0.14$${\mu}$M/Gm. of wet weight in group B [76.8% of control group].

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A Recombinant Human ${\alpha}_1$-Antitrypsin Variant, $M_{malton}$, Undergoes a Spontaneous Conformational Conversion into a Latent Form

  • Jung, Chan-Hun;Im, Hana
    • Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.41 no.4
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    • pp.335-339
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    • 2003
  • Many genetic variants of ${\alpha}_1$-antitrypsin have been associated with early onset emphysema and liver cirrhosis. However, the detailed structural basis of pathogenic ${\alpha}_1$-antitrypsin molecules is rarely known. Here we found that a recombinant $M_{malton}$ variant (Phe52-deleted) lost inhibitory activity by spontaneous conformational conversion into a more stable, inactive form under physiological conditions. Biochemical and spectroscopic data suggested that the variant converts into a reactive center loop-inserted conformation, resembling the latent form of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1.

General Pharmacology of Sanjoinine-A (Sanjoinine-A의 중추신경계작용 및 일반약리작용)

  • 박찬웅;김용식;한병훈;박종완;장인진;최정윤;정동복;이윤송;김명석
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.181-194
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    • 1996
  • The effects of Sanjoinine-A, an alkaloid isolated from Zizyphus spinosus semens, on central nervous system and general pharmacology were studied. In summary, Sanjoinine-A depress the spontaneous locomotor activity without motor incoordination and it has slight analgesic effect. Those effects are qualitatively similar to that of diazepam but its potency is much lower than diazepam(20 times). Sanjoinine-A does not depress the electric or pentylenetetrazole induced convulsion. Those effects are dissimilar with that of diazepam. Sanjoinine-A slightly depress the spontaneous or acethylchollne induced motility of smooth muscles but degree of depressant effect was variable to tissues. Sanjoinine-A does not show any effects on digestive system, blood, kidney fuction and neural ganglion.

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Effect of Adenosine on the Release of $[^3H]-5-hydroxytryptamine$ during Glucose/Oxygen Deprivation from Rat Hippocampal Slices (흰쥐 해마절편에서 포도당/산소 고갈에 의한 5-hydroxytryptamine 유리변동에 미치는 Adenosine의 영향)

  • Cha, Kwang-Eun;Pae, Young-Sook;Lee, Kyung-Eun
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.1 no.6
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    • pp.657-664
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    • 1997
  • The effects of adenosine, adenosine A1 receptor antagonist (DPCPX), or NMDA receptor antagonist (APV) on the spontaneous release of $[^3H]-5-hydroxytryptamine$ ($[^3H]-5-HT$) during normoxic/normoglycemic or hypoxic/hypoglycemic period were studied in the rat hippocampal slices. The hippocampus was obtained from the rat brain and sliced $400\;{\mu}m$ thickness with the tissue slicer. After 30 min's preincubation in the normal buffer, the slices were incubated for 30 min in a buffer containing $[^3H]-5-HT$ ($0.1\;{\mu}M,\;74{\mu}Ci/8\;ml$) for uptake, and washed. To measure the release of $[^3H]-5-HT$ into the buffer, the incubation medium was drained off and refilled every ten minutes through sequence of 14 tubes. Induction of glucose/oxygen deprivation (GOD; medium depleting glucose and gassed with 95% $N_2/5%\;CO_2$) was done in 6th and 7th tube. The radioactivities in each buffer and the tissue were counted using liquid scintillation counter and the results were expressed as a percentage of the total radioactivities. When slices were exposed to GOD for 20 mins, the spontaneous release of $[^3H]-5-HT$ was markedly increased and this increase of $[^3H]-5-HT$ release was blocked by adenosine ($10\;{\mu}M$) or DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV; $30\;{\mu}M$). Adenosine $A_1$ receptor specific antagonist, 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX) exacerbate GOD-induced increase of spontaneous release of $[^3H]-5-HT$. These results suggest that Adenosine may play a role in the GOD-induced spontaneous release of $[^3H]-5-HT$ through adenosine $A_1$ receptor activity.

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Role of Dopamine upon Spontaneous Contraction of Isolated Rat Uterus in Diestrus State (Dopamine이 흰쥐 자궁의 자발적 수축에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Hyoung-Jin;Sim, Yeo-Rim;Jo, Yang-Hyeok
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.103-107
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    • 1983
  • This experiment was undertaken to see whether dopamine has any effect on a uterine function and whether the uterus has a dopamine receptor. We used 14 female rats in the diestrus state which was identified by a vaginal smear. Under ether anesthesia, 3 pieces(1 cm length) from each side of the uterus were dissected out and mounted in 3 tissue chambers (4 cm diameter, 10 cm height) that contained Krebs-Ringer solution. The solution was continuously aerated with 95% $O_2$ containing 5% $CO_2$ and kept $37^{\circ}C$ consistantly during the whole experimental period. The spontaneous contractile activity of the isolated uterus was recorded using a force transducer. After a recovery period of 15 min in the chamber, the following experiments were carried out. In 7 rats, each piece of the uterus was received dopamine at concentrations of $10^{-4}$, $10^{-5}$ or $10^{-6}\;M$ for 10 min and then followed by domperidone at a concentration of $10^{-5}\;M$. In another 7 rats, each piece was received domperidone, a specific peripheral dopamine receptor antagonist, was administered at a concentration of $10^{-5}\;M$ for 5 min prior to dopamine at concentrations of $10^{-4}$, $10^{-5}$, or $10^{-6}\;M$. Dopamine inhibited the spontaneous uterine contraction dose-dependently (r=0.99, p<.01). The inhibited contractility by dopomine was significantly (P<.05) resumed by post-treatment of domperidone. Pre-treatment of domperidone also blocked significantly(p<.05) the inhibitory effect of dopamine. It is concluded from these results that dopamine has inhibitory role upon the spontaneous uterine contraction of the rat in the diestrus state and domperidone antagonized the inhibitory effect of dopamine. These results suggest strongly that dopamine may exert the inhibitory effect via the dopamine receptor in the rat uterus.

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Excitatory Influences of Noradrenaline on the Spontaneous Contractions and Electrical Activity of Antral Circular Muscle of the Guinea-pig Stomach

  • Lee, Taik-Jong;Kim, Jin-Hwan;Kim, Ki-Whan
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.147-158
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    • 1991
  • The effects of noradrenaline on the spontaneous contraction recorded from a strip of mucosa-free antral circular muscle were studied in the guinea-pig stomach, and the changes in slow waves and membrane resistance were analyzed in order to elucidate the mechanism for the excitatory response to noradrenaline. Electrical responses of circular muscle cells were recorded using glass microelectrodes filled with 3 M KCI. Electrotonic potentials were produced to estimate membrane resistance by the partition stimulating method. All experiments were performed in tris-buffered Tyrode solution which was aerated with 100% $O_2$ and kept at $35^{\circ}C$. The results obtained were as follows: 1) The spontaneous contractions were potentiated dose-dependently by the application of noradrenaline. 2) Through the experiments using adrenoceptor-blockers, the strong excitatory effect via $[\alpha}-adrenoceptors$ and the weak inhibitory efffect via ${\beta}-adrenoceptors$ were noted. 3) Noradrenaline produced hyperpolarization of membrane potential, and increases in the amplitude and the maximum rate of rise of slow waves. 4) In the presence of apamin, Ca-dependent K channel blocker, the characteristic hyperpolarization was not developed. However, the excitatory effect of noradrenaline on spontaneous contraction remained. 5) Membrane resistance was reduced during the hyperpolarized state by the application of noradrenaline, and the change of membrane resistance and the hyperpolarized state were completely abolished by apamin. From the above results, following conclusions could be made: Excitatory responses to noradrenaline result from the dominant ${\alpha}-excitatory$, and the weak ${\beta}-inhibitory$ action of noradrenaline. Hyperpolarization of membrane potential by noradrenaline is due to the activation of Ca-dependent K channel.

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A Recurrent Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum (재발된 자발성 종격동기종)

  • Lim, Eun-Ju;Park, Yong Bum;Kim, Chang-Hwan;Park, Dong Sun;Kim, Min Guan;Kim, Chul-Hong;Park, Sang Myon;Lee, Jae Young;Mo, Eun Kyung
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.59 no.6
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    • pp.696-699
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    • 2005
  • Spontaneous pneumomediastinum(SPM) is an uncommon disease that is defined as the nontraumatic presence of free air in the mediastinum without any apparent underlying disease. We report a case of recurrent spontaneous pneumomediastinum without any direct precipitating cause. A 21-year-old woman was admitted to hospital suffering from chest pain that occurred during walking (?). She had previously been well. She did not complain of cough or vomiting prior to this presentation. Upon admission, the physical examination and Electrocardiogram findings were normal. The chest x-ray and chest computed-tomography showed a pneumomediastinum. She was successfully managed conservatively. Twenty seven months later, she was readmitted with chest pain, which again occurred during the same activity. The recurrent SPM was confirmed by the chest x-ray and chest computed-tomography. She was managed in the same manner as before and made an uneventful recovery. This is the first case of recurrent SPM in Korea.

A Case of Spontaneous Pneumomediatsinum during Taekwondo (태권도 중에 발생한 자발성 종격동기종 1예)

  • Jeon, Ho Seok;Han, Min Soo;Moon, Kyung Min;Lee, Yang Deok;Cho, Yongseon;Na, Dong Jib
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.65 no.3
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    • pp.222-224
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    • 2008
  • Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is defined as a clinical syndrome that's characterized by the presence of air in the mediastinal space, which is not due to an old previous injury or surgery. The condition is caused by a sustained increase in the intraalveolar and intrabronchial pressure with extravasated air dissecting along the perivascular spaces of the mediastinum. This is an uncommon complication of sports activity. The most common symptom is chest pain. This diagnosis should be considered for younger people who present with pleuritic chest pain or dyspnea and a characteristic crackling feel (known as subcutaneous crepitation) when touching of the skin covering the chest wall or neck, and they look otherwise well with normal vital signs. Usually no treatment is required, but the mediastinal air will be absorbed faster if the patient inspires high concentrations of oxygen. We present here a case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum that occurred during a Taekwondo match, along with a review of the relevant literature.

Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity of Platinized Carbon Electrode via NaBH4 Treatment (NaBH4 화학적 처리를 통한 백금화 카본 전극의 촉매반응 향상)

  • Yun, Changsuk;Hwang, Seongpil
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.31 no.5
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    • pp.581-584
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    • 2020
  • The effect of a chemical pretreatment on the surface carbon was investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electrochemical methods. Primitive carbon has a reducing power likely due to incompletely oxidized functional groups on the surface. We aim to control this reducing power by chemical treatment and apply for the spontaneous deposition of nanoparticles (NPs). Highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) was initially treated with a reducing agent, NaBH4 or an oxidizing agent, KMnO4, for 5 min. Subsequently, the pretreated carbon was immersed in a platinum (Pt) precursor. Unexpectedly, SEM images showed that the reducing agent increased spontaneous PtNPs deposition while the oxidizing agent decreased Pt loading more as compared to that of using bare carbon. However, the amount of Pt on the carbon obviously decreased by NaBH4 treatment for 50 min. Secondly, spontaneous reduction on pretreated glassy carbon (GC) was investigated using the catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). GC electrode treated with NaBH4 for a short and long time showed small (onset potential: -640 mV vs. MSE) and large overpotential for the HER, respectively. Although the mechanism is unclear, the electrochemistry results correspond to the optical data. As a proof-of-concept, these results demonstrate that chemical treatments can be used to design the shapes and amounts of deposited catalytic metal on carbon by controlling the surface state.