• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.58-61
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• 2012

Various surgical procedures for the treatment of post-traumatic syringomyelia have been introduced recently, but most surgical strategies have been unreliable. We introduce the concept and technique of a new shunting procedure, syringo-subarachnoid-peritoneal shunt. A 54-year-old patient presented to our hospital with a progressive impairment of motion and position sense on the right side. Sixteen years before this admission, he had been treated by decompressive laminectomy for a burst fracture of L1. On his recent admission, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies of the whole spine revealed the presence of a huge syrinx extending from the medulla to the L1 vertebral level. We performed a syringo-subarachnoid-peritoneal shunt, including insertion of a T-tube into the syrinx, subarachnoid space and peritoneal cavity. Clinical manifestations and radiological findings improved after the operation. The syringo-subarachnoid-peritoneal shunt has several advantages. First, fluid can communicate freely between the syrinx, the subarachnoid space, and the peritoneal cavity. Secondly, we can prevent shunt catheter from migrating because dural anchoring of the T-tube is easy. Finally, we can perform shunt revision easily, because only one arm of the T-tube is inserted into the intraspinal syringx cavity. We think that this procedure is the most beneficial method among the various shunting procedures.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.264-267
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• 2011

A 50-year-old man presented bilateral hypesthesia on and below the T6 dermatome and paresthesia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an intraspinal extradural tumor, which located from the 6th thoracic vertebral body to the upper margin of the 7th vertebral body, continuing dumbbell-like through the intervertebral foramen into the right middle thorax suggesting a neurogenic tumor (neurofibroma or neurilemmoma). With the patient in a prone position, we exposed and excised the tumor via a one stage posterior approach through a hemi-laminictomy of T6. Histologic examination showed a grade 1 meningothelial meningioma, according to the World Health Organization classification. Initially, we assumed the mass was a schwannoma because of its location and dumbbell shape. However, the tumor was actually a meningioma. Postoperatively, hypesthesia resolved completely and motor power of the leg gradually full recovered. A postoperative MRI revealed no evidence of residual tumor.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.386-389
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• 2009

On rare occasions, percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) may be associated with adverse spinal and extraspinal events. Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has not been reported complication following a PV. This is a report of two elderly women with spine compressions who developed idiopathic SAH after injecting polymethylmethacrylate into the thoracolumbar region transcutaneously. PV was performed as an usual manner on prone position under local anesthesia for these patients. During the interventions, two patients complained of a bursting nature of headache and their arterial blood pressure was jumped up. Computed tomography scans revealed symmetric SAH on the both hemispheres and moderate degree of hydrocephalus. Any intracranial vascular abnormalities for their SAH were not evident on modern neuroangiography modalities. One patient received a ventricular shunt surgery, but both fully recovered from the procedure-related SAH. The pathophysiologic mechanism that induce SAH will be discussed, with suggesting the manner that prevent and minimize this rare intracranial complication after PV.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.35-43
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to compare the static balance in a sitting position between a group with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and a normal aged-matched group. Forty-nine subjects were included in this study. Thirty-one healthy subjects and eighteen AIS subjects were participated. Each group was tested with the Lumbar Trunk Muscle Endurance Test (LTMET) and Balance Performance Monitor (BPM). The parameters for static balance were sway area, sway path, mean balance, maximum velocity, anterior-posterior angle, and left-right angle of each group with eyes opened and closed. Results from the LTMET showed significantly more increase in the normal group than in the AIS group in the flexor and extensor endurance. The BPM tested showed significantly difference beteen the groups in parameters of sitting balance such as maximum velocity and anterior-posterior sway angle. For the AIS subjects, there were no significant differences in all parameters of sitting balance between eyes opened and eyes closed. In comparisons of the groups with eyes opened there were no significant differences in all parameters of sitting balance. In comparisons of the groups with eyes closed there were significant differences in the sway area, maximum velocity, anterior-posterior sway angle and left-right sway angle. These results suggest that the AIS group relies much more on proprioception than on vision, and develops compensatory passive postures of the spine. Further study is needed to measure many AIS patients with morphologic and electromyographic data for clinical application.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2001

Taxonomic review of Cobitis laterimaculata was carried out based on 17 specimens collected from the Caozejiang River, Huangzezhen, Shengxian county, Zhejiang province, China. The species shares several notable characters with Niwaella spp., including the posterior position of the dorsal fin, small head, color pattern without pigmentary zones of Gambetta, short and curved suborbital spine, short and subequal barbels, strong carina on caudal peduncle, and lack of a lamina circularis on the pectoral fin base in males. We conclude that Cobitis laterimaculata should be transferred from Cobitis to Niwaella.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.296-304
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• 2009

The purpose of this study were to examine the effect of two different pelvic alignments and the back belt on electromyographic(EMG) activity of the erector spinae during lifting. The results were as follows: 1) EMG activity of erector spinae was greater when the pelvis was tilted anteriorly than when the pelvis was tilted posteriorly during lifting. 2) EMG activity of erector spinae was greater when the back belt than when without the back belt during lifting. These results suggest that the greater EMG activity of erector spinae with an anterior pelvic tilt position and with back belt during lifting may ensure optimal muscular support for the spine while handling loads.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.96-98
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• 2014

Injection laryngoplasty is simple and useful procedure in patient with vocal cord paralysis even under local anesthesia. For approaching vocal cord level, flexibility of neck mobility is required to operate injection laryngoplasty but it is relatively difficult to approach vocal cord in patient who has cervical fixations. Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) can be helpful:We use a LMA (I-gel$^{TM}$) during intubation without neck extension on flat supine position under general anesthesia and have a good operation filed. LMA with swivel connector give surgeons better surgical vision and make insertion of fibroscope easily during operation. Hyaluronic acid injection was done use needle (25 G, 5 cm) via percutaneous cricothyroid space : This procedure can be useful method for patients who suffer from not only weak voice but also dysphagia and aspiration high vagal palsy patient after spine surgery or uncooperative with awake injection laryngoplasty.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.138-144
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• 2010

Background: Tracheal deviations are encountered frequently in head and neck tumors especially in thyroid cancer. Dyspnea and stridor are symptom calling for surgery. The method of evaluation in tracheal deviation is not well established yet. This paper is aimed to suggest objective tools to evaluate tracheal deviation in relation to cervical vertebra. Material and Method: Ten cases of thyroid cancers were recruited retrospectively. Tracheal inner shadow and shape of cervical vertebra were reconstructed three dimensionally using 3D-doctor to compare position of trachea in relation to vertebral body. Extent of deviation was scored in relation to both lateral borders of vertebral body. Angles between trachea and spinous process were measured in axial CT and compared between study group and control group. Results: Deviation scores were statistically significant between study group (mean=1.1) and control group (mean=0) (p=0.0008). Deviation angles at maximal tumor size in study group (mean=160.3 Degrees) and deviation angles of control group (mean=177.1 Degrees) were statistically significant (p=0.0007). Angles at maximal deviation of three dimensional images ages in study group (mean=162.6 Degrees) and deviation angles of control group (mean=177.1 Degrees) were statistically significant (p=0.0089). Conclusion: Tracheal deviation can be evaluated using scoring of three dimensional images and measuring angle between trachea and vertebral spine.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.192-197
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• 2013

In this study, it is investigated the relationship between sitting discomfort and major design variables of lumber support, such as prominence, height and width through volunteer tests. Korean $50^{th}$ percentile males and American $50^{th}$ percentile males are recruited among 36 to 45 years old peoples who have driving experiences and have no back pain during the past 12 months. Subject ratings are asked by changing design variables randomly. Body pressure and lumber position changes are also measured as object measures. And correlation among subject ratings, object measures and three design variables are analyzed using statistical analysis. As a result, it is revealed that prominence is the most dominant factor that correlates to the discomfort strongly for both-Koreans and Americans and contribution of other two variables are very low.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide quantitative and objective data of throwing movement in baseball catcher through biomechanical analysis. Method: Eight high school baseball catchers (age: 17.3±0.7 yrs, height: 175.3±4.5 cm, weight: 82.5±9.0 kg, Career: 7.4±2.1 yrs) participated and 3-dimentional motion capture system and electromyography (EMG) were used in this study. Results: The maximum center of mass position displacement was observed in forward direction. The linear velocity magnitude of the upper extremity segments were showed as "wrist>elbow>shoulder" which is indicative of kinematic chain. For kinetic EMG data, we also observed the greater muscle activation in the left brachioradial and erector spine muscles muscle that during throwing movement. Conclusion: We expect that biomechanical data from this study will provide important training implications to baseball coaches and trainers in order to effectively train their baseball catchers.