• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.408-416
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• 2001

Objectives : To evaluate the diagnostic value of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in the prediction of osteoporosis as defined by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in postmenopausal women. Methods : Questionnaires and height and weight measurements were used in the investigation of 176 postmenopausal women. QUS measurements were taken on the right calcaneus while bone mineral density (BMD) measurements of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were made with DEXA. The areas under the curves (AUC) of the speed of sound (SOS) for osteoporosis in the lumbar spine and femoral neck were obtained through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and evaluated. A comparison was made, for osteoporosis in the lumbar spine and femoral neck, between the AUCs of the logistic model with clinical risk factors and SOS. Results : Pearson's correlation coefficients of SOS and lumbar spine BMD, and of SOS and femoral neck BMD were 0.26 and 0.37. The AUC for the logistic model in its discrimination for lumbar spine osteoporosis was 0.764, and for SOS 0.605. The AUCs for the logistic model in its discrimination for femoral neck osteoporosis and for SOS were 0.890 and 0.892, respectively. Conclusions : These results suggest that the diagnostic value of QUS as a screening tool for osteoporosis is moderate for the femoral neck, but merely low for the lumbar spine and that the predictability provided by SOS is no better than that by the sole use of clinical risk factors in postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.160-168
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• 2003

요추부 척추에 기구를 시술한 유한요소 복합체 모델을 이용하여 제 4-5 요추간판에 대한 해석을 수행한 결과, 근육의 작용을 케이블과 케이블 가이드로써 단순화 모사한 follower 하중에서 수직하중인 경우보다 높은 압축력을 나타내어 더욱 안정함을 보였고 불안정성의 원인이 되는 전단력과 굽힘모멘트의 발생은 미미하였다. 장분절 고정에 의한 인접 분절에 전단력이 증가됨을 실험적으로 보였는데, 이는 장분절 고정이 퇴행성 변화 촉진에 기여할 것으로 추정된다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2009

This paper documents the defining morphological characteristics of the larval stages of Chionoecetes tanneri Rathbun, 1893, the grooved Tanner crab, from specimens reared in the laboratory. Chionoecetes tanneri larval stages include two zoeae and one megalopa. The first zoea is characterized by: six setae on the posterior margin of the carapace; postero-lateral spines on abdominal somites 3 and 4, extending beyond the posterior margin of adjacent somites and bearing 9-10 spinnules; 12 plumose setae and one stout distal plumose seta present on the margin of the scaphognathite of the maxilla; and one fused lateral spine and one articulated dorso-medial spine on each fork of the telson. The second zoea is characterized by: 9 setae on the postero-lateral margin of the carapace; a serrated mandible molar; a mandibular palp bud; 25-26 plumose setae on the margin of the scaphognathite of the maxilla; pereiopods with well-developed gills and buds; and four pairs of stout setae on the posterior margin of the telson. For the megalopal stage, the distinguishing characteristics include: a rostral spine equal in length to the supraorbital spine; six setae on the exopod of the uropod; and a single spine on the ischium of the second pereiopod. This study allows C. tanneri larvae to be distinguished from the larvae of known sympatric congeners. This information provides a basic taxonomic tool for researchers in fisheries management and zooplankton ecology who are addressing issues related to trophic interactions, metapopulation dynamics and ecosystem impacts in the evolving marine resource management strategies in the North Pacific, and those related to Chionoecetes species in particular.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.226-229
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• 2014

We describe a rare case of intradural-extramedullary primary spinal cysticercosis. A 42-year-old man visited our institute for lower back pain. He denied having consumed raw meet. Magnetic resonance (MR) images revealed an intradural pure cystic mass at the L3-L4 level. A radiologic diagnosis of spinal arachnoid cyst was established. Three years later, he complained of aggravated back pain, and follow-up MR examination showed a markedly expanded cyst, occupying the subarachnoid space from the T11 to the S1 level. L2 hemilaminectomy was performed, and a yellowish infected cyst bulged out through the dural opening. The cyst was removed en bloc. The histopathological findings of the cyst were consistent with parasitic infection. Serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirmed the presence of spinal cysticercosis. As there was no intracranial lesion, the final diagnosis was primary spinal cysticercosis, which is very rare. MR imaging is a sensitive diagnostic tool for detecting cystic lesions in the spine; however, it is difficult to distinguish cysticercosis from non-infectious cysts such as an arachnoid cyst without using gadolinium enhancement. Clinicians treating spinal cysts with an unusual clinical course should include cysticercosis as a differential diagnosis. We recommend contrast-enhanced MR imaging and serum ELISA in the diagnostic work-up of such cases.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1997년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.280-283
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• 1997

Human cervical spine has to protect the neural components and vascular structures. Also, it must have the flexibility afforded by an extensive range of motion to integrate the head with the body and environment. Because of these two-sided features, human cervical spine has very complicated shapes and their injury mechanisms are not fully understood yet. We have developed analytical model of human CS by using the finite element method. The model has been verified with in vivo and in vitro experimental results. From the qualitative analysis of simulation results, we were able to explain some of the fundamental mechanisms of neck pain. Further more, this FE model of human CS can be used as an analytical tool or biomechanical design of the clinical device and safety restraints.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제53권12호
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• pp.147-151
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• 2016

Standing Whole Spine 검사는 많은 병원에서 자동노출제어장치 (automatic exposure control, AEC)를 사용하고 있어 체질량지수 (body mass index, BMI)에 따라 방사선량이 조절되는 특징이 있으며, 이를 통하여 환자 별 측정 DAP (dose area product) 값을 얻을 수 있다. 하지만, 검사 시 장기의 위치에 따른 흡수선량에 관한 연구는 크게 이루어지지 않고 있으며, 이에 본 연구에서는 Standing Whole Spine 검사 시 환자의 두께정보를 대표하는 BMI와 장기의 위치에 따른 흡수선량의 분포를 평가하고자 한다. 연구의 목적을 위하여 측정된 DAP값을 이용하여 PCXMC에서 환자의 5곳의 장기를 선정 (갑상샘, 유방, 심장, 콩팥, 이자)하여 선량을 계산하였다. 결과적으로, 측정된 DAP값은 BMI에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였지만 전방 장기인 갑상샘, 유방, 그리고 심장에서는 BMI에 따라 장기선량이 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 또한 후방장기인 콩팥과 이자에서는 BMI와 아무런 상관관계를 가지지 않았다. 결론적으로, 본 연구결과를 통하여 Standing Whole Spine 검사 시 BMI와 장기의 위치에 따라 방사선의 영향이 다르게 나타남을 증명하였다.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2021

Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of fascia chuna therapy in the treatment of piriformis syndrome. Methods A literature search was conducted using 8 databases to identify all randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) that investigated fascia chuna therapy as a treatment for piriformis syndrome. The selected studies are analyzed the risk of bias through Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results Among 37 articles that were searched, 3 RCTs met our inclusion criteria and were included in this analysis. These studies demonstrated positive results of Fascia Chuna Therapy with respect to the reduction of pain scale and functional scale compared with other treatment methods. Conclusions Based on results, fascia chuna therapy could be effective in piriformis syndrome. However there are limitations that the number of selected studies was small and risk of bias was unclear. More well-designed RCTs are required to provide clearer evidence.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.413-421
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• 2012

Few studies address the use of manual muscle stretching to improve spinal active range of motion(AROM). There is evidence that' Hold-Relax'(HR) is effective for increasing ROM in the extremities, which leads the researchers to anticipate similar benefits in the spine. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of HR(trunk flexors) and active thoracic flexion and extension on thoracic mobility, specifically flexion and extension in healthy individuals. A convenience sample of 30 physical therapy students(22-38 years) were randomly assigned to intervention sequence 'A-B' or 'B-A', with at least 7 days between interventions. Intervention' A' consisted of HR of the ventral trunk musculature while 'B' consisted of thoracic flexion-extension AROM. Thoracic flexion and extension AROM were measured before and after each intervention using the double inclinometer method. Paired t-tests were used to compare AROM pre and post-intervention for both groups, and to test for carry-over and learning effects. There was a statistically significant increase(mean=$3^{\circ}$ ; p=0.006) in thoracic extension following HR of the trunk flexors. There were no significant changes in thoracic flexion following HR, or in flexion or extension following the AROM intervention. No carryover or learning effects were identified. HR may be an effective tool for improving AROM in the thoracic spine in pain free individuals. Further investigation is warranted with symptomatic populations and to define the minimal clinical difference(MCD) for thoracic spine mobility.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2017

Objectives : This review aims to assess the effect of Wuqinxi exercise for osteoporosis. Methods : We searched 9 electronic databases(Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CAJ, Oasis, KISS, NDSL, KMBASE, KISTI) and related 2 journals until November 2017. We included randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of testing Wuqinxi exercise for osteoporosis. The methodological quality of RCTs related assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results : 12 RCTs were eligible in our inclusion criteria. No statistical differences were found between the Wuqinxi versus no intervention, Wuqinxi plus antiosteoporosis medications versus antiosteo-porosis medications on lumbar spine, femora bone mineral density (BMD). However, Wuqinxi significantly improved lumbar spine BMD compared with antiosteoporosis medications (P < 0.00001). Additionally, the results showed a remarkable effect in improving pain score(VAS) when Wuqinxi or Wuqinxi plus antiosteoporosis medications (P < 0.0005) was used. Conclusions : There is evidence of Wuqinxi exercise for osteoporosis with meta-analysis. However, our systematic review has limited evidence to support Wuqinxi exercise for osteoporosis. because of low quality of original articles and further well-designed RCTs should be encouraged.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2016

Objectives : To determine the effectiveness of Chuna manual therapy for neck pain Methods : We searched 7 electronic databases(OASIS, NDSL, Ovid-MEDLINE, Ovid-EMBASE, Cochrane library, AMED, CNKI) to find all Randomized controlled trials that used Chuna manual therapy as a treatment for neck pain. The methodological quality of each RCT was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results : 7 RCTs met our inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis of 7 studies showed favorable results for the use of Chuna manual therapy. High risk of bias were observed for performance bias and detection bias. Conclusions : Our systematic review found favorable results using Chuna manual therapy for neck pain. But there are several limitations in our study due to lack of well-designed RCT. To obtain stronger evidence, further clinical trials would be needed.