• Title/Summary/Keyword: Spinal myoclonus

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Spinal segmental myoclonus improved with epidural blockade in a patient with herpes zoster radiculitis

  • Han, Su-Hyun;Jeong, Hae-Bong;Yoo, Il-Han;Ahn, Suk-Won
    • Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.71-73
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    • 2017
  • The spinal segmental myoclonus by viral radiculitis has been rarely reported and the pathophysiology remains to be elucidated. However, the hyperactivity of contiguous anterior horn neurons induced by viral irritation has been suggested to be a possible patho-mechanism. In general, spinal segmental myoclonus is not well-controlled by medication and the patient suffers from continuous involuntary movement. We recently experienced a case of spinal segmental myoclonus induced by herpes zoster radiculitis, and which was successfully relieved by epidural injections.

A Case of Focal Myoclonus in Primary Motor Cortex Infarction (일차 운동피질 경색후 발생한 국소성 간대성 근경련 1례)

  • Kim, Min-Jeong;Yoo, Bong-Goo;Kim, Kwang-Soo
    • Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.20-21
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    • 2005
  • Myoclonus may originate from the cerebral cortex, subcortical structures, brainstem, spinal cord or peripheral nerve. But unilateral upper limb myoclonus related to cortical infarct is an unusual clinical picture. We report a 67-year-old man presented with myoclonus, associated with primary motor cortex infarction.

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Spinal Myoclonus Developed during Cervical Epidural Drug Infusion in Postherpetic Neuralgia Patient

  • Jeon, Young-Hoon;Baek, Sung-Uk;Yeo, Jin-Seok
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.169-171
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    • 2011
  • Postherpetic neuralgia is the most frequent complication of herpes zoster. Treatment of this neuropathic pain syndrome is difficult and often disappointing. Although postherpetic neuralgia is generally a self-limited condition, it can last indefinitely. Continuous epidural blockade for patients with acute zoster can shorten the duration of treatment. However, continuous epidural block has some complications such as infection, dural puncture, and total spinal and nerve damages. We report a case of myoclonus during continuous epidural block with ropivacaine, morphine, and ketamine in an acute zoster patient.

Usefulness of Electrophysiological Tests in Movement Disorders (이상운동 질환에서의 신경생리적 검사법의 유용성)

  • Seo, Man-Wook;Lee, Kwang-Woo
    • Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.126-146
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    • 1999
  • In clinical neurology various different electrophysiological tests are widely used to demonstrate the unsuspected malfunctioning in the nervous system and to monitor over time the clinical status of patients. In addition clinical neurologists and neurosurgeons take advantage of the intraoperative monitorings to increase the quality of neurosurgical operations in the posterior fossa, in the spinal cord, or in visual pathways. In the field of movement disorders, elecrophysiolgical tests provide neurologists with making accurate differential diagnoses with useful therapeutic stratergies as well as with investigating the pathophysiological machanisms. By using the electromyographic tests it could be possible for us to evaluate the types of blephalospasm, the extent of hemifacial spasm, the level of myoclonus, and the prime muscles of torticollis etc. Sometimes the myographic guidance may be critical for choosing the exact injecting site of botulinum toxin. These several decades various electroencephalographic and evoked potential tests has been utilized in the electrophysiological laboratories to understand the basic pathophysiology of myoclonus, spasticity and other central motor dysfunctions. It could be one of the breakthroughs in the area of behavorial neurology that the brain function can be mapped by the spontaneous or evoked electrical activities of nervous system since the movement related potentials (MRPs) had been studies for several decades. Various reflex tests such as masseter reflex, blink reflex, click evoked vestibulocollic reflex, facial reflex, stretch reflex, flexor reflex, H-reflex, H-reflex recovery curve, vestibular inhibition of H-reflex, reciprocal inhibition, recurrent or Renshaw reflex, Ib inhibition, cutaneous reflex have been also used to understand normal or abnormal physiology in movement disorders. Polysomnography, posturography and gait studies are also applied in clinical neurology in association with with movement disorders which are useful in deciding the treatment regimen.

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Systematic Review of Vitamin B12 Regimen for Patient with Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord Following Nitrous Oxide Abuse (아산화질소 남용에 의한 척수의 아급성 연합변성 환자에서 Vitamin B12의 투여방법에 대한 체계적 고찰)

  • Chung, Jin Seok;Choa, Min Hong;Chung, Sung Phil;Park, In Cheol
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.79-85
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin B12 treatment in subacute combined degeneration (SCD) caused by nitrous oxide (N2O) abuse. Methods: Relevant literature was accessed through PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and KoreaMed. All the literature that was relevant to human use of vitamin B12 treatment for SCD caused by N2O abuse was included. Case reports were excluded if the treatment regimens were not precisely described. The literature search was conducted by two investigators during September 2019 for the final publication period. The languages of the publications were restricted to English and Korean. Results: Twenty-three published articles that contained 24 cases were included. Sixteen cases among them were treated with intramuscular vitamin B12 of 1 mg/day and the rest received different doses or routes. Although most cases described significant clinical improvements, one case showed no beneficial effect due to the patient's noncooperation. Another case showed adverse events, including spinal myoclonus, following vitamin B12 therapy. Conclusion: Vitamin B12 has been broadly used for the treatment of SCD caused by N2O abuse. However, most of the relevant studies were case reports that reported various regimens of vitamin B12 administration. Further studies are needed to establish a standard regimen of vitamin B12 because the incidence of N2O abuse may increase in South Korea.