• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.189-195
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• 1999

Under the no-till direct-sown rice-vetch cropping systems, where whole chopped rice straw were returned to the paddy surface at combine harvest and whole-plant of Chinese Milk Vetch(Astragalus sinicus L.) was submerged after direct-sowing, three levels of nitrogen top-dressed(0, 2, 4 kg N/10a) without basal N and two levels of sowing rate were applied into the paddy field in expectation of the enhancement of nitrogen efficiency and protection of agricultural environment in reduced N-fertilizer level. A cultivar, Dongjin, was direct-sown on May 30, 1996. Characteristics of rice growth and physicochemical properties of rice plant were observed. Under the system, reduced total N(4 kg N/10a) resulted in high panicle numbers. N-top dressed toward at later growth stages enhanced the ratio of panicle-producing tillers and at spikelet numbers per panicle. As N-level increases, DM yields of leaf and stem at heading were increased. Maximum grain yield was obtained at 4kg N/10a and major attributed factors to grain yield in this case were the number of grains per unit area and the ratio of ripened grain.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 1999

No-till direct-sown rice-wheat relaying cropping system has major advantages such as labor and cost saving by eliminating tillage and preparation of seed bed and transplanting. In this system, rice sowing was done simultaneously wheat harvesting. A paddy field experiment was conducted to evaluate effects of no-till years on soil microbial changes and soil physico-chemical characteristics with rice growth and development. Chemical fertilizers and agricultrual chemicals was not applied in no-till system. As the year in no-till direct-sown system the air permeability was increased and after water submerging soluble nitrogen was released Aerobic microbial-n was highest in May and then decreased after water irrigation. The population of aerobic soil microorganisms were steeply decreased after water submerging Soil microorganisms was decreased with the increased the soil depth. A month was needed for the seedling establishment in a no-tillage rice-wheat cropping system. Increased cropping years improved leaf greenness and leaf area index(LAI). But stomatal conductance(Gc) was higher in conventional cultivation system than no-till system. Stomatal conductance at panicle initiation stage was increased higher in conventional condition of leaves but the difference between conventional and no-till system was increased at heading stage. In no-till 4 years condition rice grain yield was spikelet numbers per panicle.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.355-363
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate suitable rice cultivars for various rice based cropping systems in a paddy field in the Yeongnam plain area. Thirteen rice cultivars (5 early, 3 medium and 5 mid-late maturing cultivars) and three transplanting dates (June 5, June 25 and July 5) were evaluated in this study. The mid-late and early maturing cultivars for the July 5 and June 25 transplanting headed before August 30 which is the safe heading date in the Yeongnam plain area, ranging from Aug. 26 - 28 and Aug. 18 - 23, respectively. The safe harvest time of rice for double and triple cropping systems should be before the middle of October for the cultivation of the succeeding winter crops. The rice yield was the highest for the June 5 transplanting regardless of the rice cultivars, and it gradually decreased as the transplanting date was delayed from June 5 to July 5 due to a decrease in the spikelet numbers per panicle number and in the ripened grain rate. In contrast, the other yield parameters that include the panicle number per $m^2$, the 1,000-brown rice weight, and the ripened grain ratio were not significantly affected. The result indicates that based on the milled rice, heading time and harvest time, a medium maturing cultivar (Haiami and Samdeog) would be applicable to a winter barley/wheat, garlic/onion-summer rice double cropping, while a mid-late cultivar (Saeilmi, Saenuri and Hyunpoom) would be suitable for a spring potato/waxy corn-summer rice double cropping in the Yeongnam plain area. On the other hand, an early maturing cultivar (Unkwang, Jokwang and Haedamssal) would be preferable for a triple cropping because of the short growth period of rice.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.86-91
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• 1995

벼 생력 직파재배양식으로 최근에 개발 보급된 무논골뿌림재배의 파종 피술체계확립의 일환으로 파종량에 따른 생육 및 수량반응을 검토하고자 시험을 실시하였던바, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 파종량이 증가할수록 $m^2$당 입모수는 직선적으로 증가하였으나, 개체당 수수는 입모수 증가에 따라 완만하게 감소하는 경향이었다. 2. 유효경 비율 및 출수기 경당엽면적은 파종량이 증가함에따라 감소하였으며 출수기는 큰차이가 없었다. 3. 도복관련 형질중 간장, 수장, 좌절량, 줄기굵기 등이 파종량 증가와 함께 감소하는 경향이었고, 10a당 7kg이상에서는 포장도복이 심하게 발생되었다. 4. $m^2$당의 수수증가에 따라 수당립수와 등숙비율이 감소하였으며, 수량은 10a당 5kg을 기점으로하여 점차 감소하는 경향이었다. 5. 수량에 대한 수량구성요소의 경로계수 분석결과에 의하면 등숙비율의 직접효리가 가장컸으며, 최대수량을 얻기위한 $m^2$당 입모수는 105개 정도, 이때의 10a당 파종량은 4.5kg 수준이었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.326-333
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• 2003

Transgenic rice plants expressing a Bacillus subtilis protoporphyrinogen oxidase (Protox), the last shared enzyme of the porphyrin pathway in the expressed cytoplasm or the plastids, were compared with non-trangenic rice plants in their growth characteristics such as tiller number, plant height, biomass, and yield. Transgenic rice plants of $\textrm{T}_3$ generation had 8 to 15 % and 25 to 43% increases in tiller number compared to non-transgenic rice plants at 4 and 8 weeks after transplanting(WAT); similar values were observed for $\textrm{T}_4$ generation at 4 and 8 WAT. However, the plant height in both $\textrm{T}_3$ and $\textrm{T}_4$ generations was similar between transgenic rice plants and non-transgenic rice plants at 4 and 8 WAT. Transgenic rice plants had 13 to 32% increase in above-ground biomass and 9 to 28% increase in grain yield compared to non-transgenic rice plants, demonstrating that biomass and yield correlate with each other. The increased grain yield of the transgenic rice plants was closely associated with the increased panicle number per plant. The percent of filled grain, thousand grains and spikelet number per panicle were similar between transgenic and non-transgenic rice plants. Generally, the growth and yield of transgenic generations ($\textrm{T}_2$, $\textrm{T}_3$, and $\textrm{T}_4$) and gene expressing sites (cytoplasm-expressed and plastid-targeted transgenic rice plants) were similar, although they slightly varied with generations as well as with gene expressing sites. The transgenic rice plants had promotive effects, indicating that regulation of the porphyrin pathway by expression of B. subtilis Protox in rice influences plant growth and yield.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.184-194
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• 1990

본 시험은 식물생장 조절제 Hoe 78784를 처리하여 수도의 도복 방지효과를 조사하고, 식물생장 조절제의 농도와 처리 시기를 각기 달리하였을 때 수도의 영양생장, 형태적 특성 및 수량에 미치는 효과를 구명하기 위하여 실시하였던 바 몇가지 결과를 얻어 보고하는 바이다. Hoe 78784를 수도 신장기에 처리하였을 때 공시된 품종에서 도복 방지효과가 크게 나타났으며, 특히 도복성 품종인 IR21820-154-3-2-3에 있어서는 수량을 크게 증가시켰다. 생장 조절제 Hoe 78784는 초장 및 절간의 신장을 억제시켰고, 특히 형태학적 특징으로서는 Hoe 78784를 처리함으로써 셋째 및 넷째마디 간의 두께와 직경을 증가시켰으며, 또한 줄기속에 유관속의 수도 증가시켜서 도복 방지효과를 나타낸 것으로 사료되며, 영양 생장기관 및 수량구성 요소에 크게 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 처리시기와 농도별로 볼 때 Hoe 78784를 이앙후 30일날 처리하였을 때는 도복 방지효과가 뚜렷하였으며 수장 및 수량구성 요소에 영향을 미쳐 수량을 크게 감소시켰다. 그러나 출수기때 Hoe 78784 처리는 농도에 관계없이 도복 방지효과를 나타내지 않았고, 기타 제형질에도 영향을 미치지 못했다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.554-559
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• 1993

냉수관개가 벼 생육특성, 수량 및 미질관련 형질에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 작물시험장 춘천출장소 냉수처리포장에서 실시한 시험 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 냉수구에서는 자연구에 비하여 출수가 10～19일 지연되었고 간장과 수장은 17～31% 단축되었다. 수수는 일정한 경향이 없으며 품종간에 반응이 상리하였다. 2. 냉수구에서 영화수는 이삭당 10～35개가 감소되었고 등숙률이 현저히 떨어졌으며, 정조수량은 오대벼 치악벼등이 높은 수량을 나타낸 반면에 백암벼 소백벼 진미벼등은 낮은 수량을 보였다. 고중은 공시품종 모두 냉수구에서 높았다. 3. 현미 완전미율은 냉수구와 자연구간에 일정한 차이가 없었고 오히려 품종간의 변이가 크게 나타났고, 청미율은 자연구에서 많은 경향이며 연색미는 냉수구에서 월등히 높았다. 4. 백미 투명도및 알칼리 붕괴도는 수구쪽에서 높은 경향이며, 아밀로스 함량은 자연구에서 높았다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.191-196
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• 1999

In rice-barley cropping systems, efficient utilization of barley straw is essential, both to improve the soil fertility and to conserve the environment. In order to identify the effects of barley straw mulch rates in rice cultivation, a rice cultivar, 'Gancheogbyeo', was directly seeded on a no-tillage field synchronized with barley harvesting with five barley straw mulch rates, i.e., 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 ton h $a^{-1}$ and agronomic characters of rice and soil nitrogen were determined. The increasing of barley straw mulch rates. Dominant weed species, chestnut, occurred in large amounts in no mulching or lower mulch rates than in higher mulch rates. The content of N $H_4$$_{＋}$-N in soil applied with high barley straw mulch rates was lower during the month after seeding, and then it was higher at heading date, compared with lower mulch rates or no mulch plot. As the barley straw rate increased, maximum tillering stage was delayed, and plant height was reduced. Although the lodging of rice plants was seldom observed in all plots, the breaking strength of the culm was significantly higher in the mulch rate of 10.0 ton h $a^{-1}$ . With an increase of barley straw mulch rate, the effective tillering rate and spikelet number $m^{-2}$ decreased while ripened grain ratio increased. The rice grain yield was slightly decreased with an increase of barley straw mulch rate, although significant differences were not found all barley straw mulch rates. These results suggest that there is no significant yield loss although the total barley straw production, approximately 5.0 ton h $a^{-l}$ in the present study, apply in the paddy for the following rice cultivation by no-tillage direct seeding.ect seeding.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.52-55
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• 2018

제주특별자치도 서귀포시 안덕면에서 국내 벼과 미기록 외래식물인 날개카나리새풀(Phalaris paradoxa L.)을 발견하였다. 이 종은 유럽 지중해 원산으로, 전 세계에 분포하고 있다. 한국에 분포하는 동속 식물인 갈풀, 카나리새풀, 애기카나리새풀, 흰줄갈풀에 비해 6개의 불임성 소수가 1개의 임성 소화를 감싸고, 포영상부에 치아상의 날개가 발달하는 특징을 가지고 있다. 국명은 이러한 특징을 바탕으로 날개카나리새풀로 신칭하였고, 이에 대한 기재, 사진 및 검색표를 제시하였다.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.363-382
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• 2002

한국산 사초과 3속, 검정방동산이속(Fuirena), 좀바늘사초속(Kobresia), 너도고랭이속(Scleria) 식물 3분류군을 대상으로 외부형태학적 형질을 재검토하였다. 또한 광학현미경(LM)과 주사전자현미경(SEM)을 사용하여, 줄기와 잎의 단면, 수과와 잎의 표피형을 비교 분석하였다. 줄기의 길이와 너비, 잎의 너비, 비늘조각의 길이, 포의 길이와 너비, 수과의 길이, 모양, 부리의 모양, 화피의 유무, 암술머리 등의 외부형태형질과 수과와 잎의 표피형(수과의 표피세포의 모양, 잎표피의 규소체형, 잎표피세포, 기동세포의 유무), 잎과 줄기의 횡단 모양 등이 속, 종을 구별하는 유효형질이었다. 이들 분류형질을 기준으로 학명과 국명을 재정리하였다.