• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2019

Hay-making is one of the most common way for forage preservation in livestock industry. The quality and production of hay could be affected by various factors. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of tedding time and frequency on drying rate and feed value of forage rye (Secale cereale L.) hay. Rye was harvested on heading stage using mower conditioner. Hay was tedded at each set hour(09:00, 13:00 and 17:00) and sampled at each set hour to determine dry matter (DM) content. After two months' preservation, CP (crude protein), ADF (acid detergent fiber), NDF (neutral detergent fiber), IVDMD (in vitro dry matter digestibility), TDN (total digestible nutrient), RFV (relative feed value), DM loss, visual scores and total fungi count were determined for estimation of hay quality. Tedding was necessary for both speeding up drying rate and improving forage quality. Tedding at 17:00 showed lower NDF content (p<0.05), and also higher RFV value was found compared with tedding at 9:00 and 13:00 (p<0.05). On the other hand, it was observed that more DM losses would be found when tedding later (p<0.05). Tedding in 1~3 times per day were lower in ADF and NDF content (p<0.05), increased CP, TDN and RFV (p<0.05), got less DM loss (p<0.05), and contained less fungi during conservation compared with no tedding (p<0.05). On the other hand, tedding too frequent caused more DM loss (p<0.05). In conclusion, for shorter drying process and higher quality of forage rye hay, tedding at 13:00~17:00 for 1~2 times per day was recommended in this study.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.24-32
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• 2018

System Complexity one of the most common cause failure of the projects, it leads to a lack of understanding about the functions of the system. Hence, the model is developed for communication and furthermore modeling help analysis, design, and understanding of the system. On the other hand, the text-based specification is useful and easy to develop but is difficult to visualize the physical composition, structure, and behaviour or data exchange of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to transform system description into a diagram which clearly depicts the behaviour of the system as well as the interaction between components. According to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Safety Glossary, The safety system is a system important to safety, provided to ensure the safe shutdown of the reactor or the residual heat removal from the reactor core, or to limit the consequences of anticipated operational occurrences and design basis accidents. Core Protection Calculator System (CPCS) in Advanced Power Reactor 1400 (APR 1400) Nuclear Power Plant is a safety critical system. CPCS was developed using systems engineering method focusing on Departure from Nuclear Boiling Ratio (DNBR) calculation. Due to the complexity of the system, many diagrams are needed to minimize the risk of ambiguities and lack of understanding. Using Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) software for modeling the DNBR algorithm were used. These diagrams then serve as the baseline of the reverse engineering process and speeding up the development process. In addition, the use of MBSE ensures that any additional information obtained from auxiliary sources can then be input into the system model, ensuring data consistency.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2005

EC-DSA나 EC-ElGamal과 같은 타원곡선 암호시스템의 성능 향상을 위해서는 타원곡선 상수배 연산을 빠르게 하는 것이 필수적이다. 타원곡선 특유의 Frobenius 사상을 이용한 $base-{\phi}$ 전개 방식은 Koblitz에 의해 처음 제안되었으며, Kobayashi 등은 최적확장체 위에서 정의되는 타원곡선에 적용할 수 있도록 $base-{\phi}$ 전개 방식을 개선하였다. 그러나 Kobayashi 등의 방법은 여전히 개선의 여지가 남아있다. 본 논문에서는 최적확장체에서 정의되는 타원곡선상에서 효율적인 상수배 연산 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안한 상수배 알고리즘은 Frobenius사상을 이용하여 상수 값을 Horner의 방법으로 $base-{\phi}$ 전개하고, 이 전개된 수식을 최적화된 일괄처리 기법을 적용하여 연산한다. 제안한 알고리즘을 적용할 경우, Kobayashi 등이 제안한 상수배 알고리즘보다 $20\%{\sim}40\%$ 정도의 속도 개선이 있으며, 기존의 이진 방법에 비해 3배 이상 빠른 성능을 보인다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2022

Objectives: Some dermatological diseases can be life-threatening. Urticaria and angioedema are common reasons for patients to seek treatment at an emergency department. Severe, generalized urticaria and angioedema can endanger patients' lives by involving the airways and causing anaphylactic shock. The humor-based Persian Medicine (PM) concepts of Shara and Mashara, referring to two kinds of skin lesions, have similarities to urticaria and angioedema, respectively. This article aims to provide scientific evidence regarding the application of PM as an early intervention strategy in the emergency management of urticaria and angioedema. Methods: This was a narrative review of PM studies identified by searching medical databases using search terms related to these diseases, as well as risk-associated keywords such as "fatal", "death", "life-threatening", "emergency", "cupping", and "bloodletting". Data were then compared, interpreted, and analyzed. Results: PM scholars consider the human body as a unified whole and believe in an inner power (Nature) which stems from the body. When the presence of excessive hot substances cause an imbalance of bodily humors, Nature directs their heated vapors sharply toward the skin, thus causing Shara and Mashara. If there is a high risk of inflammation spreading to vital organs under severe conditions, urgent manual interventions are crucial. Conclusion: In serious conditions of urticaria and angioedema, Fasd or bloodletting and Hijama can be effective in speeding up the control of lesions and reducing morbidity and mortality. Consequently, the development of integrated Persian and conventional medicines may provide new therapeutic pathways for skin emergencies.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.137-156
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of taking herbal medicine for the postpartum lactation. Methods: We searched 9 databases for recent three years, that contained four english, two chinese, one japanese and two korean database from September 17, 2016 to December 31, 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were eligible. Measurement of outcome included total curative effective rate, volume of lactation, volume of milk supplement, and serum prolactin concentration. The risk of bias was assessed by two independent authors using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: Total 725 of studies was screened, 11 RCTs were finally selected. Number of participants per study ranged from 60 to 257. The treatment group of taking a herbal medicine is effective for improving total curative effective rate, volume of lactation, volume of milk supplement, and serum prolactin concentration compared with control group. Because most of the studies had considerable heterogeneity in terms of type of intervention and comparison for outcome measurement, meta analysis for quantitative analysis was impossible. Conclusions: This studies showed that taking a herbal medicine is effective on increasing volume of lactation and speeding up the start of the first breastfeeding. However, included studies suffered from incomplete reporting, high or unclear risk of bias and substantial heterogeneity between studies. In the Future, further high-quality RCTs are needed to prove effectiveness of herbal medicine for breastfeeding and reduce the risk of bias.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.692-712
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• 2022

Buoys used for Aid to Navigation systems are widely used to guide the sea paths and are powered by batteries, requiring continuous battery replacement. However, since human labor is required to replace the batteries, humans can be exposed to dangerous situation, including even collision with shipping vessels. In addition, Maritime sensors are installed on the route signs, so that these are often damaged by collisions with small and medium-sized ships, resulting in significant financial loss. In order to prevent these accidents, maritime object detection technology is essential to alert ships approaching buoys. Existing studies apply a number of filters to eliminate noise and to detect objects within the sea image. For this process, most studies directly access the pixels and process the images. However, this approach typically takes a long time to process because of its complexity and the requirements of significant amounts of computational power. In an emergent situation, it is important to alarm the vessel's rapid approach to buoys in real time to avoid collisions between vessels and route signs, therefore minimizing computation and speeding up processes are critical operations. Therefore, we propose Fast Connected Component Labeling (FCCL) which can reduce computation to minimize the processing time of filter applications, while maintaining the detection performance of existing methods. The results show that the detection performance of the FCCL is close to 30 FPS - approximately 2-5 times faster, when compared to the existing methods - while the average throughput is the same as existing methods.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2022

The total number of Korean restaurants using delivery applications has substantially increased from 7.6% in 2018 to 11.2% in 2019. In 2020, the gross sales in the food delivery service market reached approximately 17 trillion won; this amount is virtually six times that in 2017 (i.e., 2 trillion won). Meanwhile, the annual average death toll of motorcycle riders increased by 3.5%, whereas the number of deaths due to other traffic accidents decreased by 8.2%. Consequently, the foregoing has become a critical social problem. Despite the continuing increase in the number of delivery riders due to the rapid expansion of the delivery industry, no appropriate safety management system has been established. Moreover, the government is experiencing difficulties in assessing the exact situation because of the absence of competent authority. In this study, fundamental data on the characteristics of delivery work and motorcycle accidents were collected through surveys and interviews; then, the influencing factors of traffic accidents were analyzed. Different influencing factors were identified: work experience as a rider; number of deliveries; whether to accept delivery requests in transit; manner of accepting delivery requests; and traffic law violations, such as speeding (for faster delivery) and running a red light. Because the motorcycle delivery industry has a relatively low job-entry barrier (i.e., special qualifications are not required), the riding skills of riders must be improved, and delivery companies must be technically developed to achieve a safe working environment. The results of this study can be utilized as fundamental data for system development or structural improvement of the delivery industry.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.381-393
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• 2011

에코 드라이빙은 자동차의 증가로 인하여 발생하는 환경오염, 에너지 소비, 교통사고를 줄이기 위한 친환경 운전 방법이다. 에코 드라이빙을 향상시키기 위한 연구는 주로 공학적, 교육적 방법에 초점이 맞추어져 왔으나, 심리학적 처치를 통해 이를 줄이고자 하는 연구는 부족하다. 이에 본 연구는 행동주의 처치 기법의 하나인 자기-관리 기법이 운전자의 에코 드라이빙 행동에 미치는 효과를 검증하였다. 자기-관리 기법에는 세 가지 처치 요소가 포함되었다: 목표 설정, 셀프-모니터링, 보상. 자기-관리 기법의 효과성을 검증하기 위해서 정기적으로 운전을 하는 세 명의 직장인이 본 연구에 참여하였으며, AB 다중 기저선 설계가 사용되었다. 기저선 단계(A)가 끝난 후, 자기-관리 기법 단계(B)가 적용되었다. 자기-관리 기법 단계에서 각 참가자는 두 가지 운전 행동(e.g., 과속, 급출발)에 대하여 목표를 설정하였으며, 자신의 운전 행동을 매일 기록하였다. 기록한 운전 행동이 목표에 도달할 경우 보상이 주어졌다. 연구 결과, 자기-관리 기법은 운전자의 에코 드라이빙 행동을 효과적으로 향상시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.119-138
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• 2023

Concrete carbonation is a prevalent phenomenon that leads to steel reinforcement corrosion in reinforced concrete (RC) structures, thereby decreasing their service life as well as durability. The process of carbonation results in a lower pH level of concrete, resulting in an acidic environment with a pH value below 12. This acidic environment initiates and accelerates the corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete, rendering it more susceptible to damage and ultimately weakening the overall structural integrity of the RC system. Lower pH values might cause damage to the protective coating of steel, also known as the passive film, thus speeding up the process of corrosion. It is essential to estimate the carbonation factor to reduce the deterioration in concrete structures. A lot of work has gone into developing a carbonation model that is precise and efficient that takes both internal and external factors into account. This study presents an ML-based adaptive-neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) approach to predict the carbonation depth of fly ash (FA)-based concrete structures. Cement content, FA, water-cement ratio, relative humidity, duration, and CO2 level have been used as input parameters to develop the ANFIS model. Six performance indices have been used for finding the accuracy of the developed model and two analytical models. The outcome of the ANFIS model has also been compared with the other models used in this study. The prediction results show that the ANFIS model outperforms analytical models with R-value, MAE, RMSE, and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency index values of 0.9951, 0.7255 mm, 1.2346 mm, and 0.9957, respectively. Surface plots and sensitivity analysis have also been performed to identify the repercussion of individual features on the carbonation depth of FA-based concrete structures. The developed ANFIS-based model is simple, easy to use, and cost-effective with good accuracy as compared to existing models.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.92-101
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• 2023

개인형 이동장치의 사용 증가에 따라 관련 교통사고와 사회적 문제가 증가하는 상황에서 정부는 문제 해결을 위해 관련 법규를 지속적으로 개정하고 있다. 개정된 법규가 개인형 이동장치 안전에 미치는 영향력을 분석하기 위해 본 연구에서는 2021년 5월에 개정된 법규에 기반하여 사용자가 느끼는 위험특성과 법제도에 대한 대중의 인식을 반영한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문조사 결과, 보도와 차도가 구분되지 않은 도로주행, 과속주행, 2인 탑승 등이 개인형 이동장치의 위험특성으로 분석되었으며 이는 개정된 개인형 이동장치 관련 법제도에 대한 인지도가 낮기 때문이라는 결론을 도출하였다. 따라서 개인형 이동장치의 보급이 확대됨에 따라 개인형 이동장치 관련 제도개선에 대한 시민들의 인지도 및 개선된 법규의 준수율 향상이 반드시 필요하다.