• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.49-72
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• 1992

This paper examines the increasingly popular belief that higher holding tax will be the ultimate solution for Korea's land problems which include excessive concentration of ownership, high and rapidly increasing land prices, and rampant speculation. In principle, land holding tax can supplement capital gains tax in recapturing capital gains from land or suppress returns from land investment returns in line with other forms of asset. This paper shows, however, that the tax burden must be drastically increased for the tax to achieve such goals, and the resistance from tax payers is sure to be intense. As long as the price expectation remains high, as in Korea where land prices have increased 19% annually during the past 18 years, even such increase in the tax may have little impact on landlords' behaviors, the price trend, or the ownership structure. More effective solutions for Korea's land problems are relaxing land use regulations to encourage the supply for urban land and improving the performance of capital gains tax to recapture windfall gains from land. This paper also notes that the so-called "lock-in effect" of the capital gains tax seems to be exaggerated. Land holding tax should be viewed as a revenue raiser for local governments rather than an anti-speculative policy tool. Abandoning unattainable policy goals and adhering to the general principles of taxation, will make land holding tax much simpler, and will better function as a local revenue source.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.289-295
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• 2013

Arcade game up until early 2000 had been highly influential and profitable industry that occupied most of the market share for the Korean domestic game industry. However, extensive and yet tightened restrictions were imposed to the industry in 2006 due to the problems of speculative games such as winning rate manipulation, serious addictiveness, and etc. This resulted in damaging healthy arcade game business and eventually caused it seemingly impossible to comeback up until now. This study is to address the current arcade game industry in Korea along with the best practices in other countries to come up with propositions for the comeback of domestic arcade game industry and improvement of competitiveness. Ultimately it is to develop diversification and flexibility and to induce new business opportunities in the domestic arcade game industry by proposing the ways to convert the bad perception and introduction of functional games.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.109-118
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• 2019

As a result of the United States (U.S) -China trade conflict, the recent instability of the stock market has led many people to invest in Bitcoin, a commodity that many previous studies have interpreted as a safe asset. However, recent Bitcoin market price fluctuations suggest that the asset's stability stems from speculative purchasing trends. Therefore, classifying the characteristics of Bitcoin assets can be an important reference point in analyzing relevant accounting information. To determine whether Bitcoin is a safe asset, this study analyzed the correlation between Bitcoin and economic indicators to verify whether gold and Bitcoin responded similarly in time series analyses. These show that the regression explanatory power between the price of gold and bitcoin is low, thus no relation between the two assets could be drawn. Additionally, the Granger causality analyses of six individual economic variables and Bitcoin did not establish any notable causality. This can be interpreted that short-term price fluctuations have a significant impact on the nature of Bitcoin as an asset.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.6
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• pp.51-75
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• 2004

Is there a pattern in history? How and why does social change occur? Are we to distinguish between the methods to be employed in the study of man and the study of nature? How does linguistic, or 'philological', knowledge contribute to unearthing historical facts? These are the queries that Vico grappled with throughout his life. Vico, however, was an outsider to the intellectual atmosphere of his own day, dismissed as obscure, speculative, and unsound. Only after his death did he begin to inspire enthusiasm among diverse readers, and as long as we remain concerned with the queries mentioned above, Vico's reflections will come alive with contemporary relevance. Actually he has been regarded as the founder--unrecognized by his contemporaries--of the philosophy of history and as a thinker whose ideas anticipated such later intellectual movements as historicism, pragmatism, existentialism, and structuralism. There are many among modern minds who find Vico fascinating for his view of myth as concrete thought and of an age of myth as a necessary age in the intellectual evolution of the human race. James Joyce, for one, was deeply impressed by Vico's view on myth, on metaphor, on Homer, on language, on psychology, and much else besides. 'My imagination grows when I read Vico,' he once confessed, 'as it doesn't when I read Freud or Jung.' Some philosophers, critics, psychologists, social scientists and even geographers would describe themselves as 'Vichians', sharing the view that Vico was a poet and a lawyer, a platonist and a baconian rolled into one. His refusal to be confined within any one discipline, his imaginative effort to understand different cultures, and his insight in dealing with some fundamental problems in the study of humanity all compel admiration and deserve to be emulated in our age--an age when the split between the literary and the scientific approaches to the understanding of society is widening into a chasm. Vico has left some of his most important ideas underdeveloped or even undeveloped, to be excavated and polished by us afier our own fashion. It is surprising that Vico is still a man of obscure name in the academia of our country, Korea.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.741-751
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• 2000

To achieve high performance by exploiting instruction level parallelism aggressively in superscalar processors, it is necessary to overcome the limitation imposed by control dependences and data dependences which prevent instructions from executing parallel. Value prediction is a technique that breaks data dependences by predicting the outcome of an instruction and executes speculatively its data dependent instruction based on the predicted outcome. In this paper, a hybrid value prediction scheme with dynamic classification mechanism is proposed. We design a hybrid predictor by combining the last predictor, a stride predictor and a two-level predictor. The choice of a predictor for each instruction is determined by a dynamic classification mechanism. This makes each predictor utilized more efficiently than the hybrid predictor without dynamic classification mechanism. To show performance improvements of our scheme, we simulate the SPECint95 benchmark set by using execution-driven simulator. The results show that our scheme effect reduce of 45% hardware cost and 16% prediction accuracy improvements comparing with the conventional hybrid prediction scheme and two-level value prediction scheme.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.17-53
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• 1993

Pusan is the largest fishing port in Korea, and deals with more than I million ton of fish catches annually, including catches of coastal and off-shore fisheries as well as those of deep-sea fishery. However, it hen had no fishing port facilities specialized fer deep-sea fishery since it started 30 years ago. Economic and physical losses resulting from this have teen enormous. Although fishing port facilities are a part of infra-structures built by Governments, the construction of them has been delayed due to financial difficulties of Central or local governments. To overcome this harsh situation to which deep-sea fishery cooperations faced, some cooperations have decided to construct fishing port facilities including fish-pier specialized for deep-sea fishery in Gamcheon port. The construction expenses of these facilities were financed by private funds to which they themselves jointly contributed. As a result, a fish-[pier, which has the capacity of serving one fishing vessel of 10, 000 ton or four of 5, 000 ton or four of 1, 000 ton at the same time, will be opened in here by 1994. The paper examines the master plan to revitalize the deep-sea fisheries industry in a deep depression with the opening of these physical facilities. The framwork of the plan is pursued in two different aspects, which are both hardware and software. In a hardware aspect, the plan in to develop Pusan into a city which is suitable for one of the best fishing ports in the world. That is, it is to develop the city into a place famous for sightseeing as well as the distribution and processing of fish-products centering around fish-piers. On the other hand, in a software aspet, it is regarding improvement of the distribution system of fish-products. One way to do that is to make up some deficiencies of the current system of a producers' joint sale. And the other is to establish an exchange of fish-products futures. Through these institutions, we could abrsorb speculative funds, which would otherwise be invested in speculation on fish-products, into productive investment opportunities, We believe that if the plan is realized, the deep-sea fishery in Korea will revive from a long-tasted depression and make progress to become one of the mai industries of Korea.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.143-149
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• 2020

Currently, a multi-core processor is mainly used as a central processing unit of a computer system, and a high-performance out-of-order processor is adopted as each core to maximize system performance. The early out-of-order execution processor with Tomasulo algorithm aimed at floating-point instructions, and it took several cycles to execute by the use of complex structures such as reorder buffer and reservation station. However, in order for the processor to properly utilize out-of-order execution and increase the throughput of instructions, it must operate in a fully pipelined manner. In this paper, a fully pipelined out-of-order processor with speculative execution is designed with VHDL and verified with GHDL. As a result of the simulation, a program composed of ARM instructions is successfully performed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.7-22
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• 1995

Philosophers Of aeBthetics have tended to limit their Suhject to include only objects Of art. In contrast to art objects, landscapes include elements of both art and nature, and the aesthetic experiences of landscape are ordinarty ones. Thus, the theoretical alternatives, that cannot be like the traditional aesthetic dogma of art, must be explored. Jay Appleton's theory is the firsts attempt to develop a comprehensive theory of landscape aesthetics. He concentrates on the question 'what do we like about landscape and why do we like it ' He takes the assumption that the aesthetic experience of landscape is pleasurable or satisfying, and suggests the biologically oriented theory, called 'prospect-refuge theory.'Although his theory is stimulating and highly speculative, it depends on the 'aesthetic attitude' theory of Kantian thought. His theory can be criticized for its biologically deterministic nature and its reductionism To respond to Appleton's shortcomings, that is, to resolve the conflict between biological and cultural explanations of aesthetic experience of landscape, Steven Bourassa tries to combine biological, cultural, and personal modes in a comprehensive paradigm for research in landscape aesthetics. This tripartite paradigm seems to promise to be meaningful if helping to pose important questions as well as in. avoiding conceptual errors about aesthetic domain of landscape. However, Bourassa's theory fails to integrate such three separate kinds of moder In the final analysis both Appleton and Bourassa present same succeases in expanding the scope of aesthetics to embrace landscape. Most important for a theory in landscape aesthetics must be its ability to enlarge our awareness of the aesthetic domain and its sound logic and evidence to criticize our problematic beliefs about he aesthetic idea of landscape.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1365-1373
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• 2019

Meltdown and Spectre are vulnerabilities that exploit out-of-order execution and speculative execution techniques to read memory regions that are not accessible with user privileges. OS patches were released to prevent this attack, but older systems without appropriate patches are still vulnerable. Currently, there are some research to detect Meltdown and Spectre attacks, but most of them proposed dynamic analysis methods. Therefore, this paper proposes a binary signature that can be used to detect Meltdown and Spectre malware without executing them. For this, we collected 13 malicious codes from GitHub and performed binary pattern analysis. Based on this, we proposed a static detection method for Meltdown and Spectre malware. Our results showed that the method identified all the 19 attack files with 0.94% false positive rate when applied to 2,317 normal files.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.117
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• pp.249-273
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• 2011

In this paper, I suggest a discourse on some delicate relations between the philosophy and the cinema, or between the visualizing philosophical reflection and the contemplating cinematic imagination. In this context, G. Deleuze is not a simple philosopher and Director Hong, not a director. Each is a kind of metonymy. Deleuzean style of philosophizing asks for Hong's nomadic style of producing cinema. and of course in the same manner, the latter asks for the former. The latter visualizes the speculative empiricism of the former, the former crystalizes the visual esthetics of the latter. To speak with Deleuzean vocabularies, it is not possible for the State Apparatus to capture the diverse works of director Hong. Because each of them is a kind of War Machine which always slips from every tackle of State Apparatus. Deleuzean key word 'genetic becomming' is a main concept of Hong's works. The point is not to dispose the theses 'becomming' of his works in the line of series but to release them in the line of rupture. My paper would show the sharp ridicules director Hong had poured on the conservative circle of the cinema in the context of Deleuzean nomadology.