• Title/Summary/Keyword: Speculation

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A Study on the Characteristic of the Speculation Space of Architecture find on Tadao Ando (안도 타다오 건축에 나타난 사색 공간의 표현 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Do-Yi;Kim, Joo-Yun
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.102-110
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    • 2008
  • Construction space of Japan suggests the factor of speculation to human and reveals tradition. The speculation can be embodied in the aspect of space and human's mental aspect is expressed as a main factor of tradition space of Japan. The purpose of this study is to research expression characteristic of speculation space, shown in the architecture of modem architect, Tadao Ando, who succeeds the concept. His works surveyed through research contain the emotion of nature and human, which are traditional factors of Japan. Moreover, it is reinterpreted by modem space, delivers its function of space and physical factor to user and grants value to activity and behavior of user residing in the space. Users recognize movement, create new meaning of space and accept physical barrier in the space. In conclusion, it can be said that the space of speculation is not a simple visual thing but a frame of visual structure, which is invented for embodiment. The factors show the Japanese architecture, real and contemplating one, which is positive in real life and allows experience. Through the conditions above, the researcher can find the meaning from the aspect that modem architecture of Japan is planned on the basis of concept of speculation.

Profiling Approach for the Choice between Speculation and Postponement Strategy in Supply Chain Management (공급사슬관리의 예측전략과 지연전략 선택을 위한 프로파일링 접근법)

  • Kang, Sung-Wook;Kim, Gyu-Bae
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.47-54
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    • 2014
  • Purpose - The postponement strategy, which delays the form, place, and production of products as late as possible, has been widely considered as a competitive supply chain management scheme in an era of mass customization and modular manufacturing. An interesting business phenomenon is that not all manufacturing/logistics firms choose the postponement strategy. Given that postponement is a counter-measure to speculation, which has some advantages under certain environments, the current imprudent inclination toward the postponement strategy may cause firms to lose the potential of the speculation strategy, an alternative strategy in supply chain management. Building on the logistics and manufacturing literature, this study examines characteristics of two contrasting strategies, postponement and speculation, and major factors favoring each strategy. Research design, data, and methodology - We apply the profiling approach to two business cases, HP printer and LG mobile phone. The profiling approach is a method of choosing a particular strategy aligned with environmental factors. While various approaches have been used to check the fit between a business strategy and environmental factors, the literature on manufacturing strategy and logistics has commonly adopted the profiling approach. Major factors used in profiling variables are derived from the literature. Two samples, HP printer and LG mobile phone, are selected, because they represent major characteristics appropriate for each strategy. The profiling is based on data from semi-organized interviews with managers. Results - The profiling approach shows that the postponement strategy is a suitable one for HP printers. Most factors, such as product life cycle, large production volume, low-price, product value, and monetary density, support delaying end products until as late as possible. Despite some exceptions, such as delivery time and economy of scale, our analysis states that the overall profile of HP printer is favorable for the postponement strategy. On the other hand, LG mobile phone may adapt the speculation strategy. Although it has large production volume and low delivery frequency, most characteristics support the speculation strategy for this product. An interesting finding is that, despite common perception that advanced technology products such as mobile telephones favor the postponement strategy, profiling proposes the speculation strategy for this product. Conclusions - Our analysis shows that speculation is not the universal option for supply chain management, and that, when choosing a specific strategy, one should consider many factors simultaneously. A major implication of our work is to emphasize the role of environmental factors such as supply chain variables in choosing an inventory strategy, and the importance of fit rather than solely strategic orientation. A theoretical contribution is to demonstrate the benefit of the simultaneous consideration of business variables in choosing specific strategies. For practitioners, our work leads us to consider the existence and the potential of speculation as a counter-measure to postponement. In addition, the comprehensive framework in this research may be instantly used in examining a practical strategy.

THE STUDY OF SPATIAL DECISION-MAKING ABOUT AREAS THAT LAND- SPECULATION CAN BE ARISE -In the base of fluctuations in land prices & land trade data (토지 투기 발생 가능 지역에 대한 공간적 의사 결정 지원에 관한 연구 - 지가변동과 토지거래 자료를 바탕으로)

  • 김현숙
    • Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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    • 2003.04a
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    • pp.500-509
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    • 2003
  • A land-speculation is to occur on a space. A purpose of this study interprets land speculation in a viewpoint of spatial, and to carry out effective decision-making about areas that land-speculation can be arise At the time of this, the focus of spatial interpretation Is recognition of a spatial continuity and consideration of a spatial association. In this study, I used fuzzy sets in order to recognize spatial continuity and. therefore a value in 0-1 was granted all area. And in order to consider spatial associations. carried out a local spatial association (Local Moran's I). Also. I introduced the spatial expert support systems (SESS) one of the computer-based decision support systems to dr efficient decision-making about a land-speculation in an object area. After that, as a case study I carried out decision-making about land-speculation's occurrence in the Seoul-Kyeonggi (2/4 quarter in 2001)

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Modeling Spatial Patterns of an Overheated Speculation Area (투기과열지역의 공간패턴 모형화)

  • Sohn, Hak-Gi
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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    • v.43 no.1
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    • pp.104-116
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    • 2008
  • Overheated speculation areas which have high potential of becoming speculative are the target of many real estate policies. This paper proposes a model for spatial patterns of house price volatility and suggests a spatial pattern of overheated speculation areas. House prices are determined by economic behaviors of sellers and buyers who have rational or adaptive expectations. Spatial patterns of house price volatility are formed by tendencies of their economic behavior. If there is a majority of adaptive sellers and buyers in an area, it may appear as a "hotspot" by showing high volatility of house prices and simultaneous price increases. Overheated speculation areas are formed by adaptive sellers and buyers who want to realize maximum expectation profit, therefore these areas patterns are defined as hotspot patterns of price volatility.

The Financialization in the Commodity Markets and Hedge Funds' Financial Speculation (상품시장의 금융화의 헤지펀드의 금융적 투기)

  • Kim, Myoungrok
    • 사회경제평론
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    • no.38
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    • pp.129-161
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    • 2012
  • This paper suggests that, in contrast to main argument of Efficient Market Hypothesis, hedge funds's financial speculation activity in the commodity markets are tending to generate a malfunction of making future price diverge from fundamental price. For this reason, we insist that stricter regulation on commodity derivative markets, including position limitation, is needed. Using some statistic analysis tools, we show that derivative transaction volume is getting so larger that financial speculation by hedge funds dominates price movement in commodity market and eventually slackens the speed of price's return to the fundamental price.

Probabilistic Soft Error Detection Based on Anomaly Speculation

  • Yoo, Joon-Hyuk
    • Journal of Information Processing Systems
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.435-446
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    • 2011
  • Microprocessors are becoming increasingly vulnerable to soft errors due to the current trends of semiconductor technology scaling. Traditional redundant multi-threading architectures provide perfect fault tolerance by re-executing all the computations. However, such a full re-execution technique significantly increases the verification workload on the processor resources, resulting in severe performance degradation. This paper presents a pro-active verification management approach to mitigate the verification workload to increase its performance with a minimal effect on overall reliability. An anomaly-speculation-based filter checker is proposed to guide a verification priority before the re-execution process starts. This technique is accomplished by exploiting a value similarity property, which is defined by a frequent occurrence of partially identical values. Based on the biased distribution of similarity distance measure, this paper investigates further application to exploit similar values for soft error tolerance with anomaly speculation. Extensive measurements prove that the majority of instructions produce values, which are different from the previous result value, only in a few bits. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme accelerates the processor to be 180% faster than traditional fully-fault-tolerant processor with a minimal impact on overall soft error rate.

Speculative Parallelism Characterization Profiling in General Purpose Computing Applications

  • Wang, Yaobin;An, Hong;Liu, Zhiqin;Li, Li;Yu, Liang;Zhen, Yilu
    • Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.20-28
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    • 2015
  • General purpose computing applications have not yet been thoroughly explored in procedure level speculation, especially in the light-weighted profiling way. This paper proposes a light-weighted profiling mechanism to analyze speculative parallelism characterization in several classic general purpose computing applications from SPEC CPU2000 benchmark. By comparing the key performance factors in loop and procedure-level speculation, it includes new findings on the behaviors of loop and procedure-level parallelism under these applications. The experimental results are as follows. The best gzip application can only achieve a 2.4X speedup in loop level speculation, while the best mcf application can achieve almost 3.5X speedup in procedure level. It proves that our light-weighted profiling method is also effective. It is found that between the loop-level and procedure-level TLS, the latter is better on several cases, which is against the conventional perception. It is especially shown in the applications where their 'hot' procedure body is concluded as 'hot' loops.

A Study on the Electromagnetic Card System of Arcade Games within the Framework of Relieving Speculation (사행성 완화 관점에서 아케이드게임의 전자카드제에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Jong-Il;Kim, Dong-Hyun;Huh, Moon-Haeng
    • Journal of Korea Game Society
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    • v.11 no.6
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    • pp.181-191
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    • 2011
  • This study establishes the theory of minimizing the Speculation occurring and creates the promotion of the domestic Arcade Game. The study analyzed the present Game Rating of speculation standard in this field and compared the domestic instances with international ones. The study therefore proposes that the domestic game industry should adopt the future model of electromagnetic-card that will lead to the basis of the industry that is not under the system at present. The new system will also verify the useful alternative that will enhance the domestic Arcade Game.

Land Price in Korea: Land Speculation and Market Failure (한국의 지가: 토지투기와 시장실패)

  • 이진순
    • Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.1-29
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    • 1992
  • The major purpose of this paper is to examine two closely related issues. An attempt is made here to examine internationally high land price in Korea from the perspectives of market fundamentals (MF) and bubble theory, respectively. Another theoretical issue, whether land speculation can result in market failure, is also examined. It has been concluded that the primary causes for the rapid increases in land prices in Korea, could be found in the perspective of MF. (1) The financial intermediaries has been controlled by the government since 1960s. Real Interest rates in the commercial banks has been controlled at the level of zero or sometimes negative; scarce financial resources has been rationed by the government. The governmental control of the bands has also resirained the development of securities market. Money, which can not find the appropri opportunity for saving in financial market, moves to land market. (2) Socially created land value, based on rapid economic gorwth and big public investment, has been appropriated mainly by the private: The effective tax rate of land holding tax has been under 0.02 percent; Real Estate Capital Galns Tax has, in fact, affected few persons, mainly because examptions and preferential taxation have been widely permitted. (3) The government has ploaced severe limitations on rural-to-urban land conversion, although the demand for urban uses has repidly grown. All factors above caused the cyclical land speculation. This, in turn, created the myth that land prices will inevitably continue to rise. Based on the myth, the growing bubble in land price has been created. This is the secondary reason for high land price relative to income in Korea. It is also shown that it is possible that speculation in land results in market failure because land is fixed in quantity and can be used for production and speculation purposes simultaneously.

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Vital and Acrosomal Staining of Bovine Spermatozoa (소 정자의 생존율 및 첨체반응 검사를 위한 간단한 염색법)

  • 김계성;이병천;황우석
    • Journal of Embryo Transfer
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.103-108
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    • 2000
  • The object of this study was to find simple and effective methods for the speculation of vitality and scorsome status of bovine spermatozoa. The eosin-nigrosin staining, trypan blue staining, and naphthol yellow S-erythrosin B staining was ofter used for the speculation of vitality and/or acrosome status of bovine spermatozoa, respectively. This study has shown that the combined trypan blue-naphthol yellow S-erythrosin B staining is more accurate and effective for the examination of acrosome status and vitality of bovine spermatozoa.

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