• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산구조공학회 1992년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 1992

The modal combination methods are studied for estimating the maximum structural responses in the seismic analysis by the response spectrum method. The most important problem in the modal combination is how to account for the correlation between the modal responses and to combine the high frequency modes (of which frequencies are greater than that at which the spectral acceleration approximately returns to the ZPA(zero period acceleration)). In this study, therefore, the widely known methods are investigated and compared among the numerous ones proposed up to now including those recommended in Regulatory Guide 1.92. The applicability of each method is investigated through example analyses also.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.292-301
• /
• 2010

Increasing convergence among heterogeneous radio networks is expected to be a key feature of future ubiquitous services. The convergence of radio networks in combination with dynamic spectrum allocation (DSA) could be a beneficial means to solve the growing demand for radio spectrum. DSA might enhance the spectrum utilization of involved radio networks to comply with user requirements for high-quality multimedia services. This paper proposes a simple spectrum allocation algorithm and presents an analytical model of dynamic spectrum resource allocation between two networks using a 4-D Markov chain. We argue that there may exist a break-even point for choosing whether or not to adopt DSA in a system. We point out certain circumstances where DSA is not a viable alternative. We also discuss the performance of DSA against the degree of resource sharing using the proposed analytical model and simulations. The presented analytical model is not restricted to DSA, and can be applied to a general resource sharing study.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제3권5호
• /
• pp.461-474
• /
• 2009

The cognitive radio (CR) technique is a useful tool for improving spectrum utilization by detecting and using the vacant spectrum bands in which cooperative spectrum sensing is a key element, while avoiding interfering with the primary user. In this paper, we propose a novel cluster-based cooperative spectrum sensing scheme in cognitive radio with two solutions for the purpose of improving in sensing performance. First, for the cluster header, we use the double adaptive energy thresholds and a multi-bit quantization with different quantization interval for improving the cluster performance. Second, in the common receiver, the weighed HALF-voting rule will be applied to achieve a better combination of all cluster decisions into a global decision.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.177-189
• /
• 2017

For energy-based seismic design, a simplified normalized cumulative hysteretic energy spectrum proposed for obtaining hysteretic energy as energy demand is the main objective in this paper. The dimensionless parameter, ${\beta}_{Eh}$, is presented to express hysteretic energy indirectly. The ${\beta}_{Eh}$ spectrum is constructed directly through subtracting the hysteretic energy of single degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system energy equation. The simplified ${\beta}_{Eh}$ spectral formulation as well as pseudo-acceleration spectrum of modern seismic provisions is developed based on the regression analysis of the large number of seismic responses of SDOF system subjected to earthquake excitations, which considers the influence of earthquake event, soil type, damping ratio, and ductility factor. The relationship between PGV and PGA is established according to the statistical analysis relied on a total of 422 ground motion records. The combination of ${\beta}_{Eh}$ spectrum and PGV/PGA equation allows determining the cumulative hysteretic energy as a main aseismic design indicator.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제16권7호
• /
• pp.681-688
• /
• 2016

본 논문은 IEC 61267에서 제시하는 RQA3, 5, 7, 9의 선질 조건과 임상검사 조건을 조합한 선질들을 사용하여 공간분해능과 선예도를 평가하고 선질들의 스펙트럼을 분석하고자 하였다. 실험방법으로 첫째, 부가필터와 SID에 따른 공간해상력 평가에 사용된 영상은 IEC 62220-1 에 제시된 edge method을 이용하여, 영상을 획득하였으며 Matlab 프로그램을 사용하여 영상에 대한 해상력 평가는 MTF 측정값 10%(0.1)에서, 선예도 평가는 MTF 측정값 50%(0.5)에서 평가하였다. 둘째, MCNPX 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 선질들의 입자플루언스율과 에너지대별 스펙트럼 분석을 하였다. 실험결과 부가필터 사용과 SID에 따른 영상품질평가에서는 RQA3 선질 조합조건에서 공간분해능과 선예도는 부가필터 미사용과 SID 100 cm에서 높게 나타났다. RQA5 선질 조합조건에서 공간분해능과 선예도는 부가필터를 사용하고 SID 100 cm에서 높게 나타났다. RQA7 선질 조합조건에서 공간분해능은 부가필터 미사용과 SID 150 cm에서 높게 나타났다. 선예도는 부가필터를 사용하고 SID 150 cm에서 높게 나타났다. RQA9 선질 조합조건에서는 공간분해능과 선예도는 부가필터 사용하고 SID 180 cm에서 높게 나타났다. 선질들의 스펙트럼 분석은 X선관의 재현성에 따른 오차, 검출기의 보정에 따른 오차 등 실험에서 발생하는 필연적인 오차를 줄여 가장 이상적인 조건을 제공하는 MCNPX 시뮬레이션을 통해 스펙트럼을 분석하였다. 결론적으로 다양한 선질들에 대한 공간분해능과 선예도 결과를 제시함으로써 임상에서 사용 중인 검출기의 평가에 있어 선질조건과 검사실 환경에 맞는 정량적인 평가방법을 제시할 수 있는 기초자료로 제공하고자 한다.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.38-44
• /
• 2022

잡음에 오염된 음성의 명료도와 음질을 향상시키고자 음성 향상을 수행한다. 본 연구에서는 복소값 스펙트럼을 이용한 마스크기반 음성 향상에서 시간 영역 손실함수와 주파수 영역 손실함수에 따른 학습 결과를 비교하였다. 시간 영역의 음성 파형과 주파수 영역의 스펙트럼의 세부정보를 고려해 두 영역의 장점을 활용할 수 있도록 손실함수 조합에 관해 연구를 진행하였다. 시간 영역 손실함수는 Scale Invariant-Source to Noise Ratio(SI-SNR)을 이용해 계산하고, 주파수 영역 손실함수는 복소값 스펙트럼과 크기 스펙트럼을 Mean Squared Error(MSE)로 계산하여 사용하였고, sin 함수를 이용해 위상에 대한 손실함수를 계산하였다. 손실함수 조합은 시간 영역 손실함수인 SI-SNR과 각 주파수 영역 손실함수를 조합하였다. 또한 크기 값과 위상 값을 모두 고려할 수 있도록 SI-SNR과 크기 스펙트럼, 위상에 관련된 손실함수들도 조합하여 실험을 진행하였다. 음성 향상 결과는 Source-to-Distortion Ratio(SDR), Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality(PESQ), Short-Time Objective Intelligibility(STOI)를이용해 성능 비교 평가를 진행하였다. 음성 향상 결과를 확인해보기 위해 스펙트럼 상에서 비교를 진행하였다. TIMIT 데이터베이스를 이용한 실험 결과, 시간 영역 또는 주파수 영역 손실함수보다 SI-SNR과 크기 스펙트럼을 조합한 손실함수를 사용하여 음성 향상을 학습했을 때 가장 높은 성능을 보였다.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지진공학회 1998년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Spring 1998
• /
• pp.12-19
• /
• 1998

Response spectrum analysis method is widely used for seismic analysis of building structure. Analysis of structural vibration for equipment, machine and moving loads are executed by time history analysis. This method is very complex, difficult and tedious. In this study, maximum response of structure for this case are simply and fast. calculated by mode shape and response spectrum for excitation. At first, Response spectrum and time history analysis for some earthquake is carried and investigate the error of maximum displacement response for R. S. A. Secondly, The process for response spectrum analysis in excitation are calculated, and maximum model response are combined by CQC (Complete Quadratic Combination) methods. Finally, Combining maximum displacement response is compared with one of time history analysis.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.652-659
• /
• 2005

In this paper, seismic qualification analysis for the Plant control Panel is carried out to confirm the structural integrity under the seismic conditions represented by required response spectra(RRS). The finite element method(FEM) is used for the analysis and a mode combination method is adopted to obtain a more reliable spectrum analysis results. In addition, the experimental analysis is performed to compare the reliability of the analytical results. The analysis results shows that the plant control panel system is designed to have the dynamic rigidity with no resonance frequency below 33 Hz. The analytically calculated maximum stress of the plant control panel system is $36\%$ of the field strength of material, thus it can be shown that the system has a stable structure for the seismic load.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
• /
• pp.1012-1012
• /
• 2001

The elegant early experiments of Herschel demonstrated that there is light after the visible spectrum in a region we call the near infrared (NIR). This was followed by the work which showed that the spectrum went further into what we call the mid infrared (MIR). The MIR has been used for many years as a qualitative and quantitative region to measure constituent values. The MIR region contains the fundamental vibrations which can be theoretically calculated from symmetry rules and harmonic oscillator equations. The NIR is not as straight forward because the region from 400-2500 nm does not contain any of the fundamental vibrations only combination bands and overtones. Over the past fifty years efforts to understand the NIR have largely been ignored while the quantitative aspects of the region have been utilized. This presentation will focus on the efforts to define terms for NIR, examine the calculation of combination bands and overtones and ways to interpret the spectra. The interpretation of the NIR has been aided greatly in recent years by the use of two dimensional spectroscopy which allows the correlation of bands in one spectral region with that of the NIR.

• 비파괴검사학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.8-15
• /
• 1988

A split-spectrum processing technique for an ultrasonic flaw detection system has been developed, which improves the flaw-to-grain echo ratio in large-grained materials. The enhancement is achieved by partitioning a wide-band received spectrum to obtain frequency shifted bands, which are then processed to suppress the grain echoes with respect to the flaw echo, using a novel signal minimization algorithm. A technique for suppression of grain echoes has also been devised which takes advantage of the fact that the grain echo amplitude changes with the frequency of the incident ultrasound whereas the flaw echo amplitude does not. The combination of this technique and the new flaw detection system greatly improve the capabilities of ultrasonic evaluation of large grain materials.