• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a chip-level detection and a spectral-slice scheme for the tunable-transmitter/fixed-receiver (TTFR)-based asynchronous spectral phase-encoded optical codedivision multiple-access (CDMA) system combined with timeencoding. The chip-level detection can enhance the tolerance of multiple access interference (MAI) because the channel collision does not occur as long as there is at least one weighted position without MAI. Moreover, the spectral-slice scheme can reduce the interference probability because the MAI with the different frequency has no adverse effects on the channel collision rate. As a result, these techniques mitigate channel collisions. We analyze the channel collision rate theoretically, and show that the proposed system can achieve a lower channel collision rate in comparison to both conventional systems with and without the time-encoding method.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.518-528
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• 2023

As an effective means of remotely detecting the spectral information of the object, the spectral calibration for the Savart polarization interference imaging spectrometer (SPIIS) is a basis and prerequisite of information quantification, and its experimental calibration scheme is firstly proposed in this paper. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the spectral information acquisition, the linear interpolation, cubic spline interpolation, and piecewise cubic interpolation algorithms are adopted, and the precision of the quadratic polynomial fitting is the highest, whose fitting error is better than 5.8642 nm in the wavelength range of [500 nm, 820 nm]. Besides, the inversed value of the spectral resolution for the monochromatic light is greater than the theoretical value, and the deviation between them becomes larger with the wavelength increasing, which is mainly caused by the structural design of the SPIIS, together with the rationality of the spectral restoration algorithm and the selection of the maximum optical path difference (OPD). This work demonstrates that the SPIIS has achieved high performance assuring the feasibility of its practical use in various fields.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1415-1420
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• 2005

The spectral interferences of OH from aqueous solvents in ICP-AES have been studied and eliminated using a cryogenic argon trap. The prominent lines of Bi I 306.772 nm, Al I 309.271 nm, and V II 310.230 nm, which are very seriously overlapped with the OH band, were examined. With an extended torch and high tangential flow of 20 L/min, water vapor from air entrainment was prevented. The combination of a condenser and argon cryogenic trap was able to eliminated most of water vapor carried by the argon sample gas. Removal of OH spectral interference could extend the linearity of the calibration curve 5-10 times on the lower concentration for ICP-AES. Interference Equivalent Concentration (IEC) has been reduced to 5.6, 5.9, and 12.4 times for Bi, Al and V, respectively.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.295-307
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• 2017

An innovative system for the alternative continuous wide spectral spatial heterodyne spectrometer (ACWS-SHS) is proposed. The relationship between the ACWS-SHS and the wide spectral spatial heterodyne spectrometer (WS-SHS) at the resolution limit, the spectral range, the grating diffraction efficiency and the interference fringes contrast ratio has been analyzed theoretically. Through the comparison of the theoretical analysis and simulation results, it is found that the two systems for the WS-SHS and the ACWS-SHS have the same resolution limit and spectral range, which are ${\delta}{\sigma}$ and ${\sigma}_{01}$, while in the ACWS-SHS system the critical diffraction efficiency of echelle grating is 68.39% and the critical contrast ratio of interference fringes is 0.4135, which is much better than the performance of the WS-SHS system. Therefore, the ACWS-SHS reduces the high requirements for the precision of equipment and expands the application field of SHS effectively.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.243-250
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• 2017

GPS(Global Positioning System) signal structure uses spread spectrum and the received power is relatively lower than the receiver noise figure. Therefore, it is vulnerable to the RF interferences and it could restrict on the safety navigation. The objective of this paper is to research on the spectral domain GPS interference rejection algorithm using proposed K-median filtering threshold setting method. In the performance test, the proposed algorithm has a relatively higher ISR(interference to signal ratio) compared with the conventional temporal domain technique in case of time variant interference signals.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.3037-3054
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• 2013

Interference between primary user (PU) and secondary user (SU) transceivers should be mitigated in order to implement underlay spectrum sharing in cognitive radio networks (CRN). Considering this scenario, an improved joint subcarrier and bit allocation scheme for cognitive user with primary users' cooperation (PU Coop) in CRN is proposed. In this scheme, the optimization problem is formulated to minimize the average interference power level at the PU receiver via PU Coop, which guarantees a higher primary signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) while maintaining the secondary user total rate constraint. The joint optimal scheme is separated into subcarrier allocation and bit assignment in each subcarrier via arith-metric geo-metric (AM-GM) inequality with asymptotical optimization solution. Moreover, the joint subcarrier and bit optimization scheme, which is evaluated by the available SU subcarriers and the allocated bits, is analyzed in the proposed PU Coop model. The performance of cognitive spectral efficiency and the average interference power level are investigated. Numerical analysis indicates that the SU's spectral efficiency increases significantly compared with the PU non-cooperation scenario. Moreover, the interference power level decreases dramatically for the proposed scheme compared with the traditional Hughes-Hartogs bit allocation scheme.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.771-781
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• 2017

For efficient spectral utilization of satellite channels, a shared band transmission technique is introduced in this paper. A satellite transmits multiple received signals from a gateway and terminal in the common frequency band by superimposing the signals. To improve the power efficiency as well as the spectral efficiency, a travelling wave tube amplifier in the satellite should operate near the saturation level. This causes a nonlinear distortion of the superimposed transmit signal. Without mitigating this nonlinear effect, the self-interference cannot be properly cancelled and the desired signal cannot be demodulated. Therefore, an adaptive compensation scheme for nonlinearity is herein proposed with the proper operation scenario. It is shown through simulations that the proposed shared band transmission approach with nonlinear compensation and self-interference cancellation can achieve an acceptable system performance in nonlinear satellite channels.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.6C
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• pp.429-437
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• 2008

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques can be used for the spectral efficiency enhancement of the cellular systems, which can be categorized into spatial multiplexing (SM) and spatial diversity schemes. MIMO systems suffer a severe performance degradation due to the intercell interference from the adjacent cells as the mobile terminal moves toward the cell boundary. Therefore for the spectral efficiency enhancement, an appropriate transmission scheme for the given channel environment and reception scheme which can mitigate the intercell interference are required. In this paper, we propose an adaptive signal transmission/reception scheme for the spectral efficiency improvement of $M_R{\times}M_T$ MIMO systems, present the decision criteria for the adaptive operation of the proposed scheme, and demonstrate the performance gain. The proposed scheme performs adaptive transmission using spatial multiplexing and spatial diversity, and adaptive reception using maximal ratio combining (MRC) and intercell spatial demultiplexing (ISD) when the spatial diversity transmission is used at the transmitter. Spatial multiplexing/demultiplexing is performed at the high signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) range, and the transmit diversity in conjunction with the adaptive reception uses either conventional MRC or ISD which can mitigate the $M_R-1$ interference signals, based on the mobile location. For the performance evaluation of the proposed adaptive scheme, the probability density function (pdf) of the effective SIR for the transmission/reception methods in consideration are derived for $M_R{\times}M_T$ MIMO systems. Using the results, the average effective SIR and spectral efficiency are presented and compared with simulation results.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.2590-2608
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• 2023

The high-altitude and mobility characteristics of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have made them a key element of new radio systems, particularly because they can exceed the limits of terrestrial networks. However, at high altitudes, UAVs can be significantly affected by intercell interference at a high line-of-sight probability. To mitigate this drawback, we propose an algorithm that selects the optimal beam to reduce interference and maximize transmission efficiency. The proposed algorithm comprises two steps: constructing a user-location-based fingerprint database according to the user types presented herein and cooperative beam selection. Simulations were conducted using cellular cooperative downlink systems for analyzing the performance of the proposed method, and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise cumulative distribution function and spectral efficiency cumulative distribution function were used as performance analysis indicators. Simulation results showed that the proposed algorithm could reduce the effect of interference and increase the performance of the desired signal. Moreover, the algorithm could efficiently reduce overheads and system cost by reducing the amount of resources required for information exchange.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.5C
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• pp.527-539
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose an asynchonous ICI (Inter-Cell Interference) mitigation techniques for 3GPP LTE MIMO-OFDMA down-link receiver. An increasing in symbol timing misalignments may occur relative to sychronous network as the result of BS (Base Station) timing differences. Such symbol synchronization errors that exceed the guard interval or the cyclic prefix duration may result in MAI (Multiple Access Interference) for other carriers. In particular, at the cell boundary, this MAI becomes a critical factor, leading to degraded channel throughput and severe asynchronous ICI. Hence, many researchers have investigated the interference mitigation method in the presence of asynchronous ICI and it appears that the knowledge of the SCM (Spatial Covariance Matrix) of the asynchronous ICI plus background noise is an important issue. Generally, it is assumed that the SCM estimated by using training symbols. However, it is difficult to measure the interference statistics for a long time and training symbol is also not appropriate for MIMO-OFDMA system such as LTE. Therefore, a noise reduction method is required to improve the estimation accuracy. Although the conventional time-domain low-pass type weighting method can be effective for noise reduction, it causes significant estimation error due to the spectral leakage in practical OFDM system. Therefore, we propose a time-domain sinc type weighing method which can not only reduce the noise effectively minimizing estimation error caused by the spectral leakage but also implement frequency-domain moving average filter easily. By using computer simulation, we show that the proposed method can provide up to 3dB SIR gain compared with the conventional method.