• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.65-73
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• 2017

While electricity demand is generally increasing, stably controlling supply is becoming a serious challenge because renewable energies are becoming popular and often their productions are dependent on the weather. The 'demand response' programs can be used to complement the problems of renewable energies, and therefore their role is becoming increasingly important. This study provides an analysis of a demand response pilot that was conducted in Korea. The study first focused on questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews, and the data was used to perform a Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) analysis. The goal of the pilot was to have the residential users reduce their power consumptions when an energy reduction mission is issued during peak load hours. The experimental subjects consisted of two groups with different characteristics. Subjects in group A obtained smart meters as an optional function of IoT platform service provided by a mobile service company, and received a charge deduction as their compensation. Subjects in group B either voluntarily purchased smart meters as individuals or received them by participating in an energy self-sufficient village program that was run by a local government, and were entitled to a donation as their compensation. With the analysis, group A was found to fit the extended technology acceptance model that includes perceived playfulness in addition to perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. On the contrary, group B failed to fit the model well, but perceived usefulness was found to be relatively more important compared to group A. The results indicate that the residential energy groups' behavior changes are dependent on each group's characteristics, and group-specific DR design should be considered to improve the effectiveness of DR.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1827-1833
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• 2014

This study has been carried out to present the valuation system of soil carbon sequestration potentials of soil in accordance with the new climate change scenarios(RCP). For that, by analyzing variation of soil carbon of the each type of agricultural land use, it aims to develop technology to increase the amount of carbon emissions and sequestration. Among the factors which affects the estimation of determining the soil carbon model and influence power after the measurement on soil organic carbon, under the center of a causal relationship between the explanatory variables this study were investigated. Chemical fertilizers (NPK) decreased with increasing the amount of soil organic carbon and as with the first experimental results, when cultivating rice than pepper, the fact that soil organic carbon content increased has been found out. The higher the carbon dioxide concentration, the higher the amount of organic carbon in the soil and this result is reliable under a 10% significance level. On the other hand, soil organic carbon, humus carbon and hot water extractable carbon has been found out that was not affected the soils depth, sames as the result of the first year. The higher concentration of carbon dioxide, the higher carbon content of humus and hot water extractable carbon content. According to IPCC 2006 Guidelines and the new climate change scenario RCP 4.5 and the measurement results of the total amount of soil organic carbon to the crops due to abnormal climate weather, 1% increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration was found to be small when compared to the growing rate of increasing 0.01058% of organic carbon in the soil.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.273-297
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• 2012

Using grounded theory method, this study analyzed the in-depth interviews with 11 parents of institutionalized children in order to find out how the experience of the parents on the process of the children's family reunification. According to the results, it was 'leaving one's child' that composed causal conditions, and also it was 'sentenced life' and 'adapting to a life without child' that composed existing conditions. Thus, the contextual condition was found out as 'a belief of family' and 'a belief of child caring' and the mediation conditions were 'power to recover' and 'not being as one's intentions'. Also, reaction/interaction strategies turned out as 'preparing a basis of child-care', 'playing a parent', 'standing against being adapted' and 'adjusting as their children back to family'. Finally, the analysis showed 'burdens on caring', 'wanting to leave one' child again', 'having stronger family membership' and 'being hopeful in a future' as results. The specific levels of the process were found out as following 4 steps, as time goes by. 1)Fostering children at institutions: become harsh parents(or a harsh parent), 2)After fostering: rebuild collapsed family in order to take the children back, 3)Family reunification: become aboveboard to oneself, family and the world, 4)After family reunification: try to keep the family taking precautions against resending. While taking their children back, the parents turned out to experience long, unremitting tension. Reflecting results of the analysis above, and in order to promote sending institutionalized children back to their families this article suggests practical alternatives for parents who left their children in institutions.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2012

This study examines the physiochemical and quality properties of the bread added with soy fiber powder to promote the intake of soy fiber. For this study, the powder for making bread was mixed with soy fiber, wheat flour and SF-1450 and SF-1260 at the ratio of 0~12% each. The ratios of the edible fiber contained in the soy fiber power samples were 72.0% in the SF-1450 sample and 67.8% in the SF-1260 sample. The mixograph characteristics tended to be conspicuons in proportion to the amount of the soy fiber added at midline peak height, width at peak and, width at 8.00. The specific volume of the bread tended to decrease significantly as the amount of the soy fiber increased from 2 to 12%. In terms of crust chromaticity change, L-value increased more significantly in the samples added with 4 to 12% than the control. For a-value, SF-1450 in the samples with 6 to 12% and SF-1260 in the samples with 8 to 12% more significantly decreased than the control. For such characteristics of texture as hardness, SF-1450 in the samples with 10 to 12% and SF-1260 in the samples with 6 to 12% increased more than the control. As discussed above, the sensual characteristics of the white pan bread with soy fiber added tended to be worse as the amount of the additive increased, compared with the control samples. Summing up the results of the physico-chemical analysis and the overall acceptability, those samples with 2~4% of SF-1450 and 2% of SF-1260 were found excellent.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.53-67
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• 1997

General hospitals have being under the influence of various and specific environment of electromagnetic field. The factors are development of medical electric equipment and device with enlarged functional demands, in high power and multi-frequency. It has all of both faces, EMI(electromagnetic interference) and EMS(electromagnetic susceptibility). In additional, expansion of personal communication system(cellular phone) has many unreliable factor of using time and area, making noise of electromagnetic fields. We studied actual conditions of EMI in the medical site, where is numerous medical equipment, especially central operation room and ICU(intensive care unit), AKR(artificial kidney room : hemo-dialysis unit), etc. The influence, most of medical equipments made electromagnetic nosie has various factors in its band of frequency, harmonics and strength. In the experimental use of electro-surgical unit and cellular phone, noticeable and considerable noise of eletromagnetic fields were measured. All of that can make trouble and errors on the steadiness of bioelectrical devices. In conclusion, It is necessary to reconsiderations of reallocating EMI source vs. EMS factor, and set to definite forbiding area of using cellular phone. For maintenance of steady normal conditions, in spite of existing any other legal standards of safty level, it need considering all of alternative electromagnetic situations on a case-by-case basis.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.233-242
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• 2000

The traditional image of hydraulic excavator started to change in two ways since 1990. First, post-heavy equipment's visual image was new waves to traditional image of heavy, strong, and wild. They are the negative aspect that excavators have. Another movement of getting rid of its negative image can be found in late-heavy equipment, which was intended to adapt traditional and positive, but off negative images. In 1990s, the design trend is moving from warm/hard to warm/soft, and KOBELCO can be exceptional example that went even further, gone up to cool-soft image. KOBELCO specially aimed 'post- excavator image' strategy, which has been successful. Image of cabin as a human space changed little bit further than outside image. Each company tried to differentiate the design of cabin focusing on its safety. Following paragraphs show specific trend of image change in form, colour, texture, and the composition. Major visual image change in form tries to follow the image of cars and home appliances which are showing the movement from tough and hard image to soft one. Structural change on local image shows the movement from angular edge to edgeless and the movement of cabin's pillar C placed to back of the equipment with gentle inclination. All of these movements are the result of effort to improve traditional excavator's negative image, that top structure is assembled separately, to positive ones. Today's tendency about its color becomes important to apply two different colour styles. Each style has brightness and tone comparison. As an enormous power convey system, it was in common that its brightness comparison was useful because of the alarm of its damage possibility. However, as its colour control and its design have been emphasized gradually, the tone comparison takes a part in an important role, too. As an example, there is an occasion that these comparisons are compromised simultaneously. In the respect of its image creation, its texture treatments make the tendency of being the same as passenger cars. It is caused from its development of the manufacture techniques of from the fabrication method in small business to the press method in big firm. Further, it is also because of its improvement of painting & coating skills. It may prohibit the reflection effect from solar rays. In the point of view of its visual images, it is recognized the prominent tendency that its composition has been gradually decreased. Lots of windows and the frames tends dark-colour as a whole. It is more preferred to have one colour image, but except KOBELCO and HITACHI. As well, there is another high-tendency to improve its standard treatments, especially for its corner and texture treatments.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.436-441
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• 2009

A fiber optic sensor is prospective to be applied to structural health monitoring. Especially, a fiber Bragg grating(FBG) sensor is one of the most popular sensors for the structural health monitoring. The FBG sensor has several demodulation systems for tracking the shift of the Bragg wavelength. The dynamic bandwidth is dependent on the demodulation system. In this paper, the sensing mechanism is that the slope of the optical spectrum of FBG could be used as its sensitivity when the tunable laser shot the monochromatic laser wavelength at the highest slope point. In this technique, the high sensitivity is guaranteed even though the sensing range is limited. In an example of the application, the composite plate embedding a FBG sensor was manufactured by using an autoclave method and the above sensing mechanism was applied to the composite plate. Firstly, the natural frequencies of the plate were successfully measured by the FBG sensor during the impact hammer test. Secondly, a high-power speaker was used to force the plate to be vibrated at the specific frequency that was one of the natural frequencies. During the shaking, the FBG sensor measures the dynamic characteristics and ESPI was also used to measure the mode shape. From the two dynamic tests, the availability of the FBG sensor system and the ESPI was proven as a technique for measuring the dynamic characteristics of composite structure.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.182-192
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• 1985

[here are so many reports that pulsatile blood flow provides physiologic organ perfusions during cardiopulmonary bypass. So, we compared the recent 30 cases undergoing cardiac surgery by Cobe-Stckert pulsatile roller pump with another 30 cases by Polystan nonpulsatile roller pump. Pulsatile flow was applied during aortic-cross clamping period when synchronized to internal EKG simulator, and perfusion mode was changed to continuous nonpulsatile flow after declamping of aorta. Age, sex, weight, and disease entities were comparable and operative techniques were similar between two groups. 1. There were no differences in average ACC time, ECC time, and Operation time. 2. Postoperative artificial respiration time was 6hrs 30mins in nonpulsatile group and 4hrs 48mins in pulsatile group, and detubation time after ventilator weaning was 2hrs 44mins in nonpulsatile group and 1hrs 43mins in pulsatile group. 3. Average pulse pressure was 8mmHg in nonpulsatile group and 55mmHg in pulsatile group, and a mean arterial pressure was 66.0mmHg in nonpulsatile group and 60.7mmHg in pulsatile group. 4. Mean urine-output during ACC;ECC period was 9.717.3;9.913.2ml/kg/hr in nonpulsatile group and 14.215.0;15.817.5 in pulsatile group [p<0, 05], and thereafter progressive decrease of differences in urine output between two groups until POD 2, and lesser amounts of diuretics was needed in pulsatile group during same postoperative period. Serum BUN/Cr level showed no specific difference and urine concentration power was well preserved in both groups. 5. Plasma proteins and other Enzymes showed no differences between two groups, but serum GOT/GPT level was higher in nonpulsatile group till POD 2. 6. Serum Electrolytes showed no differences between two groups. 7. WBC, RBC, Platelet counts, Hgb and Hct were not different and Coagulogram was well preserved in both groups. 8. Plasma free Hgb level was 7.09mg% in pulsatile group compared with 3.48mg% in pulsatile group on POD 1 but was normalized on POD 2. Gross hemoglobinuria after ECC was noted in 6 cases [20%] of pulsatile group and 4 cases [13%] of nonpulsatile group. 9. In both groups, most patients were included in NYHA class III to IV [28 cases;93% in nonpulsatile group, 22 cases;73% in pulsatile group] preoperatively, and well improved to class I to 11[22 cases; 73% in nonpulsatile group, 30 cases; 100% in pulsatile group] postoperatively. There were 7 operative mortalities in nonpulsatile group only, which were 5 cases of TOF with hepatic failure, 1 case of multiple VSDs with low out-put syndrome, and 1 case of mitral valvular heart disease with cardiomyopathy. We concluded that the new, commercially available Cobe-Stckert pulsatile roller pump device was safe, simple, and reliable.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.109-109
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• 2000

This study seeks what kind of factors influence to locate dwellings and to establish scenic spots in nature by a case study focused on a meandering stream. The study specially concentrates on the interrelationship between both residences and beautiful sceneries and a meander cut-off-area that reveals a special topographical characteristics, located at Samji village in Youngyang-eup, Youngyang-gun, Koungsangbuk-do. The meander cut-off area, developed at the middle or upper reaches of a river, often makes up specific landscapes such as precipitous cliffs, sheer cliffs and caves. And the area where is specially created by sudden change of flow due to erosion perceived by the cut surface to be the most beautiful scenic spot. These beautiful landscapes were used to be called as Dae, Dam or Gul and managed by Confucian scholars who enjoy refined taste and devote themselves to the study in nature. Moreover, the Ku-Hado-literary means the area of ex-flow-made the scholars' lving with a well prepared basis for agriculture where supplied a cornucopia of organic matters and water. The merit of agriculture made it possible that the scholars became economically independent, and the fact might be the essential point why the meander cut-off area took noticed. Actually, Cho-family has been in Smaji Village for generations, producing a large number of scholars and keeping the actual power of the region. The physical shape of the meander cut-off area, cozily surrounded by mountains, is considered as a good place for the dwelling due to the influence of traditional sight of view for location and P'ungsuchiri which is known as Feng Shui in China and geomancy in the western world. It is a fruit in it own way that we could find the ancestors' discernment and wisdom from this study, who have lived their lives adapting themselves to the given natural environment and also utilizing the nature wisely. But this is a current-argued study on the meander cut-off area. Follow-up studies have to be continued about the landscapes of the meander streams and the meander cut-off areas scattered all over the country except Samji Village and draw the characteristics from the comparative analysis.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.220-232
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• 2010

Companies have been difficult to capture the minds of consumers by staying in the sales phase in order to sell products. The marketing and brand management strategies of more understanding consumers and systematically managing for the perception of them are becoming important. Since launched, EXR has implemented a systematic brand management process from its early stage. Based on the idea of 'brand asset by customer' by Kevin Lane Keller that the total of consumer brand knowledge ultimately completes the company brand power, 'brand asset', to satisfy areas of 'functionality' and 'design', EXR pioneered its ultimate brand asset which is 'CAPORTS' and established its own identity called, 'PROGRESSIVE'. For the success of a brand management, there must be a clear vision supported by the determination of a specific brand identity. Also, it needs to be shared by members of the organization, and to maintain and manage it in the long run, an integrated management strategy is essential. On the basis of such identity, EXR was able to carry out the integrated management for its brand and the overall implementation of the marketing strategy. Therefore, In this study, we seek for a sustainable brand management strategy of fashion brand by looking into the process of the EXR's brand establishment.