• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.11-23
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to identify the ecological characteristics and biological interactions between species of the abandoned rice paddy field in mountainous areas and to suggest a management strategy for stable food chain formation and biodiversity enhancement. The study site is located in Uldae wetland of Songchu district Bukhansan National Park, site characteristics and biological habitat characteristics were identified through site survey and literature survey. With regard to physical environment, among geographical features, the Uldae Wetland and the neighborhood inside the basin was a gently sloping area($5{\sim}15^{\circ}$). And 64.0% of basin faced the north. With regard to water environment, the Uldae Wetland was wetland of rainfed paddy field depending on precipitation and the system of stream flowing into the wetland from valley. According to the results of examining flora in plant ecology, in general, they were herbaceous wetland species. 88.6% of existing plants inside the Uldae Wetland basin was a forest in the mountain. And Quercus spp. community and Pinus densiflora community accounted for 64.6% of that, and was dominant. Except for that, Salix koreensis community was distributed. The existing vegetation of Uldae Wetland inhabited wetland species and terrestrialization indicator species, and it was thought that partial terrestrialization inside the Uldae Wetland was in progress after the discontinuation of paddy cultivation, such as the expansion of Salix koreensis distribution area. In the status of appearing faunae in the Uldae Wetland with regard to wildbirds of appearing principal species, The Uldae wetland was based on a abandoned rice paddy field various wildlife, and was a wildlife feeding, spawning, and resting place. The water environment was an important factor in maintaining the wetland living creatures function, habitat of waterbirds and benthic macroinvertebrates, amphibians and odonate are spawning ground and habitat, it was affecting the vegetation ecosystem based on wetlands. In order to maintain the diversity of wildlife, it was important to maintain smooth water supply and water level. A stable food chain will be formed and the Uldae wetland biodiversity will be abundant by establishing the relationship between the species of Uldae wetland, which is abandoned rice paddy field, and the habitat environment favored by species belonging to the ecosystem stepwise linkage. The ecological characteristics of the Uldae wetlands and the relation between the species were analyzed and the environmental conditions were reflected in the planning and management plan of Uldae wetland ecology.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.129-144
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• 2012

This study was conducted to understand the community characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrates according to Growth Environment at 6 Palustrine Wetlands in a rural area. As growth environment factors, size, water depth, water inlet and water outlet, land-use and water environment was analyzed. Two years' quantitative collection of benthic macroinvertebrate was carried out, and it executed community analysis and ESB index calculation and also carried out twinspan, MDS and correlation analysis. As a result, the collected benthic macroinvertebrate was 1254 individuals with 3 Phylums, 6 Classes, 14 Orders, 35 Families, 52 Genera and 61 Species. Odonata and Coenagreionidae had the highest species and individuals. Dominance Index was 0.252~0.698, Diversity Index was 1.661~2.902, Evenness Index was 0.414~0.724, and Species Richness Index was 1.990~6.224. As a result of community analysis, when correlation analysis was executed, Dominance Index had the opposite tendency with Diversity Index and Evenness Index, which had the same tendency with the previous studies. When ESB Index was calculated, Grade 2 (polluted) had the highest species with 48 species (78.7%). It is determined from the Environmental quality evaluation and saprobity evaluation result according to ESB index that there is a need to revise environmental evaluation system more specifically. As a result of MDS analysis, the subject spots A and D had the highest similarity, and the subject spot E and D had a relatively high similarity. The life environment that is the closest related with species diversity is estimated by the land-use. As for number of Individual, it seems to have the closest relation with inlet, which is to be determined as a characteristics of Palustrine Wetland. Through such investigation, this study is expected to be utilized for various types of habitats including ecological pond and to be utilized for the increase of species diversity in rural areas.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.11-42
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• 1995

The investigation was made on the relationship among vegetation, net productivity, regrowth and soils of Moonheri-Wasoori, Soodowon-Sungilkyo and Mt. Kumhak grasslands in Chulwon area. The following conclusions have been made as the results of this study. The vascular flora of the grassland in Moonheri-Wasoori was composed of 102 species, the most of which were Medicago denticulata, Miscanthus sinensis, Arundinella hirta, Festuca ovina and Cassia nomame. The flora of Soodowon-Sungilkyn grassland was composed of 74 species, the most of which were Arundinella hirta, Miscanthus sinensis, Carex nanella, Festuca ovina and Cassia nomame. It of Mt. Kumfiak grassland was composed of 78 species, the most of which were Arundinella hirta, Carex nanella, Festuca ovina, Miscanthus sinensis and Aster scaber. These five species contributed greatly to the standing crop of live material which was in excess of 60% of it. The peak standing crop of each 413.7, 307.6 and $348.7g /m^2$ in Moonheri-Wasoori, Soo- dowon-Sungilkyn and Mt. Kuruhak grasslands wars reached in August under flooded conditions as a result of the growth of dominant species, Medicago denticulata and Arundinella hirta. The net prodution of organic matter was slight in some intervals but occurred throughout the growing season After cutting of grasses, the regrowth of new leaves mainly depended on growing stage and edaphic factors. Characteristics of the natural grassland soils, especially, concerning water, total nitrogen, avail-able phosphorus and exchangeable calcium were clarified and might be depend upon the quantity of plant production. Nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium concentration of leaves of Medicago denticulata, Arundinella hirta and Miscanthus sinensis were higher than of stems. Even if diem we diffurmem in the a-mb of nutrients among Medicago denticulata hirta and Miacanthus sinensis for single species and stands. they were covered by variations within species in the present survey. Key words: Competition, Production, Productivity, Regrowth, Soil Properties, Vascular Flora.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.21-37
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• 2022

The present study was carried out to evaluate the chemical properties of soil in relation to forest structure and composition at different altitudes (900-2,600 m asl) in a part of Western Himalaya. The composite soil samples were taken from three (viz. upper, middle and lower) depths. The soils of the whole study area were acidic in nature (pH=4.90-5.51). Contents of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Carbon (C) and soil organic matter (SOM) showed much fluctuation during different seasons of year. Nitrogen content showed significant positive correlations with altitude (r=0.924, p<0.05) and different community parameters like species diversity (r=0.892, p<0.01) and species richness (r=0.941, p<0.05). Phosphorus exhibited direct correlations with carbon (r=0.637) while weak negative correlations with different community parameters like species richness & diversity, total basal cover (TBC), density and canopy cover. Carbon content and hence SOM showed direct correlations with Nitrogen (r=0.821, p<0.01); Phosphorus (r=0.637, ns) and Potassium (r=0.540, ns). But no significant relationship was observed between K content and species richness (p=0.30, r=-0.504); between K content and species diversity (p=0.14, r=-0.672); between P content and species diversity (p=0.29, r=-0.513) and species richness (p=0.23, r=-0.575). Among the different soil nutrients, only N showed a significant positive correlation with altitude while all others exhibited negative (but non-significant) correlation with it. The study revealed that the chemical properties affect and are reciprocally affected by forest structure and composition and that N rich soils of higher altitudes are best for the growth and development of forests.

• 농촌계획
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.149-164
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• 2012

The purpose of the present study is to construct a rural development strategy from the nexus between spatial changes in specialized crops and suitable cultivation area of the crops. This paper pays particular attention to identify product life cycle of specialized crops in rural areas and estimate the impact of climate change on alterations in spatial distribution of the crops. In order to do so, first of all, this study applies multi-level model (Random coefficient model) to estimate the regional coefficient of five orchard crops. It utilizes the data 1995 to 2010 Korea Agricultural Census. Futhermore, it also adopts overlay analysis by ArcGIS to identify the development path of the crops and the relationship with climate change. Based on the results, it suggests a mechanism activating regional agriculture. The findings propose re-searching and relocating specialized regions of the crops. Especially, it proves each rural area can drive the new agricultural strategy to strengthen regional agriculture by estimating the relationship between development of specialized crops and suitable cultivation areas. For instance, shifting specialized crops in particular regions and enriching genetic or species varieties can be primary measures and it will contribute to improve the reliable base for income sources in the rural communities. This paper also offers specific policy implications regarding rural development plans in response to crops' life cycle and climate changes.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.84-94
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• 2019

금강하구 서천 및 유부도 갯벌은 동아시아-대양주 철새의 이동경로상 에너지 보충을 위한 중요한 중간 기착지점으로, 갯벌의 저서성무척추동물은 이들의 중요한 먹이원이 된다. 즉, 갯벌의 저서성무척추동물은 에너지 흐름의 중요한 생태적 역할을 담당한다. 금강하구 서천 및 유부도 갯벌의 저서성무척추동물 군집 분포와 환경요인 관계를 파악하기 위해 본 연구가 수행되었다. 가을철 이주 기간에 실시한 저서성무척추동물의 군집 분포 조사 결과, 저서성무척추동물은 총 147종, 밀도와 생체량은 각각 $1,772{\pm}1,342$ 개체/$m^2$, $445.1{\pm}807.6g/m^2$으로 나타났다. 출현종과 서식밀도 자료를 기반으로 각 정점 간 상호 유사도 분석결과, 크게 2개의 군집으로 구분되었다. A 군집은 칠게-고리버들갯지렁이 군집(Macrophthalmus-Heteromastus community)이었고, B군집은 달걀얼굴갯지렁이류-단각류 군집(Spio-Urothoe-Mandibulophoxus community)이었다. B 군집이 A 군집에 비하여 평균 출현종수, 서식밀도, 생체량 등이 월등히 높았다. BIO-ENV 분석 결과, 저서성무척추동물 군집은 퇴적환경 변수인 모래함량과 분급도 조합에 의한 영향을 가장 크게 받는 것(${\rho}=0.500$)으로 나타났다. 종수와 가장 큰 상관성을 보이는 환경변수는 분급도(p=0.015)로 나타났고, 생체량과 가장 높은 상관관계를 보이는 환경변수는 공극수 DO(p=0.003)였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.224-233
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between residential surroundings, such as a power plant, steel mill and petrochemical facilities, and urinary arsenic concentrations in Chungcheongnam-do Province, Korea. Methods: Stratified by fish consumption and residential district, median and maximum block sampling was applied. A total of 346 spot urine samples were speciated for $As^{5+}$, $As^{3+}$, monomethylarsonic acid(MMA), dimethylarsonic acid (DMA) and arsenobetaine (AsB). Exposure assessment was based on questionnaires including data on sex, age, current tobacco use, fish consumption, type of water consumed, and occupational category. Results: Urinary $As^{5+}+As^{3+}+MMA+DMA$ concentrations of people living in the vicinity of a power plant ($GM=50.39{\mu}g/g$) were 61% higher than those of people living in the inland area according to median block sampling. Urinary $As^{5+}+As^{3+}+MMA+DMA+AsB$ concentrations of people living in the vicinity of industrial complex area were higher than those of people living in the inland area according to block sampling by median and maximum. Conclusion: Urinary arsenic concentrations of people living in vulnerable areas such as around industrial complexes, especially power plants, were higher than those of people living in an inland area.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.48-57
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• 2021

Vibrio species are Gram-negative basophils that are ubiquitous in seawater, increasing in number as the water temperature increases. Humans are usually infected by the consumption of contaminated seawater or seafood. V. alginolyticus infection in humans is mainly associated with infections of the skin and ears, such as acute otitis media and cellulitis. In this study, the distribution of V. alginolyticus along the coast of Jeju Island, and its relationship with water temperature, salinity, DO, and pH was investigated. The antibiotic susceptibility of the bacteria isolated was also tested. In seawater, the Daejeong area had the highest detection rate, with 13 cases (21.7%), and the Hallim area showed the lowest detection rate, with eight cases (13.3%) in. In shellfish, the Daejeong area had the highest rate, with seven cases (23.3%), and the Seongsan and Hallim areas had the lowest detection rate, with four cases (13.3%). The overall detection rate was the highest in Daejeong area, with 20 cases (22.2%), and the lowest in the Hallim area, with 12 cases (13.3%). The detection rate was highest when the water temperature was highest.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.418-428
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• 2023

본 연구는 백두대간보호지역에 서식하는 포유류와 등산객의 일중 활동 주기의 비교를 통해 시간적 규모에 따른 포유류 군집의 잠재적 위험성 검증을 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 2015년부터 2019년까지 백두대간보호지역의 능선부를 대상으로 무인센서카메라를 활용하여 등산객과 포유류의 활동 주기를 분석하였다. 조사 결과 담비와 다람쥐의 활동 주기는 연중 등산객의 활동 주기와 높게 중첩되었다. 또한, 노루와 고라니는 봄에 등산객의 활동 주기와 높게 중첩되며, 멧돼지는 겨울에 등산객의 활동 주기와 높게 중첩되었다. 삵과 너구리, 오소리의 일중 활동 주기는 전체기간 동안 등산객의 활동 주기와 중첩되지 않았다. 포유류의 일중 활동 주기는 종 특이적 행동 패턴과 계절에 따라 차이를 보이며, 그에 따라 등산객의 활동 주기와 중첩에 차이를 보였다. 종 특이적 행동 특성과 계절에 따른 행동의 차이로 인해 백두대간보호지역에 서식하는 포유류는 인간의 활동에 의한 간섭에 대한 영향은 차이가 발생할 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구 결과 백두대간보호지역에 서식하는 포유류의 종 특이적 행동 특성에 관한 기초자료의 제공과 더불어 종과 계절에 따른 포유류 군집의 안정성 확보를 위한 관리 및 보전 방안의 수립을 위한 기초자료로써 의미를 가진다고 판단된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제73권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1986

임목(林木)의 내염성(耐鹽性)을 검사(檢討)하기 위하여 우리나라 동해안(東海岸) 일부(一部) 삼림(森林)에 대한 수종분포(樹種分布)와 염분농도(鹽分濃度)의 관계(關係)를 조사(調査) 분석(分析)하였는데 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 아래와 같다. 1) 동해안(東海岸) 수종분포(樹種分布)의 주(主) 구성종(構成種)은 곰솔, 소나무, 해당화, 싸리, 족제비 싸리, 떡갈나무, 진달래, 아까시나무 등(等)이었다. 2) 정선(汀線)으로부터 내륙(內陸)쪽으로 들어오면서 200m까지는 곰솔이 우점종(優點種)을 이루고 있었고 해당화의 분포(分布)가 끝나는 지역(地域)이며, 200-300m 구간(區間)은 곰솔의 분포(分布)가 거의 끝나는 반면(反面) 소나무가 우점종(優點種)을 이루고 있었다. 3) 해발고(海拔高) 50m까지는 곰솔이 우점종(優點種)을 이루나 그 이상(以上)부터는 소나무가 우점종(優點種)을 이루고 있었다. 4) 토양중(土壤中)의 NaCl농도(濃度)는 정선(汀線)으로부터 내륙(內陸)쪽으로 멀어질수록, 해발고(海拔高)가 높아질수록, 토심(土深)이 얕을수록 감소(減少)하는 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 5) pH는 정선(汀線)으로부터 내륙(內陸)쪽으로의 거리(距離)나 해발고(海拔高)의 차(差)에 따라 차이(差異)를 인정(認定)할 수 없었지만 표토(表土)와 심토(深土)(지하(地下) 50cm 깊이)의 pH 는 7.0과 6.5로 토심(土深)에 따라 현저(顯著)한 차이(差異)가 있었다. 6) 곰솔은 토양(土壤)의 NaCl농도(濃度)가 100vpm 이상(以上)에서, 소나무는 100vpm 이하(以下)에서 분포밀도(分布密度)가 각각(各各) 증가(增加)함을 알 수 있었고, 해당화는 100vpm 이상(以上)에서만 분포(分布)를 볼 수 있었다. 7) 수체내(樹體內)의 NaCl농도(濃度)는 정선(汀線)으로부터 내륙(內陸)을 향(向)하여 들어오면서 감소(減少)하는 경향(傾向)으로 150m까지는 급감소(急減少)를 나타내었고 이후(以後)는 서서히 감소(減少)하였다. 수체내(樹體內)의 최대(最大) NaCl농도(濃度)는 엽(葉)이 600ppm, 지(枝)가 350ppm, 근(根)이 250ppm 정도(程度)였다.