• 한국가금학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.249-253
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• 2019

닭 마이코플라즈마병은 전세계적으로 양계산업에 문제시 되고 있는 난계대 질병으로 병아리 품질 및 사육성적에 영향을 미친다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 닭 마이코플라즈마병에 대한 백신 접종을 실시하지 않은 계열화 회사의 육용 종계군을 대상으로 정기 채혈을 통해 혈청검사를 실시한 후 감염율을 확인하였고, 조사계군에서 생산된 육계 병아리에 대한 사육성적을 확인하고자 하였다. 육용종계 닭 마이코플라즈마 감염율과 그에 따른 후대병아리의 사육성적을 연도별로 확인한 결과, 종계군의 감염율이 낮아짐에 육계의 사육성적이 높아진다는 상관관계를 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 비추어 보았을 때, 닭 마이코플라즈마병의 감염 유무는 생산된 초생추의 품질과 사육농장 성적 영향에 미치는 여러 요소들 중 하나라고 판단할 수 있다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.765-769
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• 2015

Anaplasma species are obligate intracellular pathogens that can cause tick-borne diseases in mammalian hosts. To date, very few studies of their occurrence in Korean native goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) have been reported. In the present study, we investigated Anaplasma infection of Korean native goats on Jeju Island, Republic of Korea, and performed phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Our results showed that Anaplasma infection was found mostly in adult female goats. The phylogenetic tree revealed that the 7 sequences identified in Korean native goats could belong to Anaplasma sp. and were distinct from A. marginale, A. centrale, and A. ovis. The results indicated that the sequences identified to belong to Anaplasma were closely related to sequences isolated from goats in China and were clustered within the same group. To our knowledge, this is the first study to detect Anaplasma sp. infection in Korean native goats.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.30-40
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• 2018

To evaluate potential impacts of shallow groundwater by the leachate from buried carcass, we investigated hydrochemical characteristics of both leachate and shallow groundwater from monitoring wells and surrounding shallow groundwater wells in an area potentially affected by pig carcass burial. The hydrochemical survey was conducted before and after the relocation of a burial pit. The leachate samples and the groundwater affected by leachate showed the hydrochemistry of $Ca-HCO_3$ type with high $NH_4{^+}$ concentrations, while unaffected groundwater was mostly the $Ca(Na)-Cl+NO_3$ type due to pervasive impacts from agrochemicals. The results of factor analysis on hydrochemical data showed the followings: 1) contamination of groundwater from agro-livestock farming and livestock burial are coexisting in the study area, 2) among ionic species, $HCO_3{^-}$, $NH_4{^+}$, $NO_3{^-}$ and Mn are very useful to differentiate the groundwater contamination from leachate, and 3) groundwater contamination by leachate has been recognized around the monitoring wells even after the relocation of a burial pit, likely due to residual contaminants in surrounding soils. Therefore, it is suggested that continued monitoring of groundwater contamination should be conducted after the relocation of carcass burial pits.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.225-237
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• 2000

Vibrio vulnificus, a halophilic vibrio is an estuarine gram-negative bacteria that is associated with severe and frequently fatal wound infections and life-threatening septicemia. Bacteriocins are defined as antibacterial substance produced by various species of bacteria which are usually active against closely related organisms. Bacteriocins have found widespread application in epidemiological studies as specific markers of bacteria. It was proposed by Ha et al. (1990. J. Korean. Soc. Microbiol. 25: 586.) to give the bacteriocins produced by V. vulnificus the name "vulnificins". In the present study, a total of 72 strains of V. vulnificus isolated from patients and oysters were subjected to screen potential producers and indicators of vulnificin, applying ultraviolet induction method. Sensitivity of several strains of Serratia marcesans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhi and Yersinia enterocolitica to vulnificins were also examined out. All the tested strains of V. vulnificus produced vulnificins active against indicator strains with various different inhibitory patterns. The spectrum of vulnificin activity and sensitive spectrum of indicator strains were considerably broad. Interestingly, almost all strains of S. marcescens, P. aeruginosa, Salmonella sp., Shigella sp. and Y. enterocolitica tested were sensitive to 1-7 vulnificin(s). Taken together, the present study demonstrated that all of the isolates of V. vulnificus produced vulnificins and that 8 good vulnificin producers and 10 good indicators were detected. These strains can be employed efficiently for establishing vulnificin typing scheme of V. vulnificus and for the detection of bacteriocinogeny and sensitivity in V. vulnificus. Biological role of vulnificin remains to be further elucidated.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2011

Squid by-product like viscera has just been recognized as one of the serious pollutants on the surrounding marine environment in Ulleung island of Korea. The effect as a marine pollutant, however, has not been examined and evaluated properly. It was carried out the comprehensive examination of the marine pollution by disposing squid by-products. The sediments and water qualities were investigated in several positions, including the dumping position around Ulleung island. It is also estimated a spreading of by-product in terms of estimating the sinking speed and evaluating the attracting characteristics as a feed. As a result, There were no significant pollutions of the sediment and water quality. The spreading of by-product by the local current was 2-2.5 times of the depth, and it will become longer in spring tide. It was confirmed that the squid by-product has attracting ability for local fish by acoustical survey. Furthermore, it can be useful for the local fish species as feeds.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제98권2호
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• pp.142-147
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• 2009

Hyoscyamus species is sources of the hypnotic and sedative drugs hyoscyamine and scopolamine. Single cells of Hyoscyamus niger were dissociated from suspension cultures and adventitious roots obtained from single-cell clones which were cultured on B5 medium containing 3% (w/v) sucrose, 0.1 mg/L IBA and 0.4% (w/v) gelrite. H. niger adventitious root lines showed wide variation in tropane alkaloids production and growth. An effective selection of 200 root lines was made possible by the application of the 'Dragendorff's reagent' for qualitative detection of the alkaloids from root. A high correlation coefficient (r=0.9390) was observed between the values obtained with the two methods based on HPLC and Dragendorff's reagent analysis. Among the selected roots, the highest scopolamine content was 16.64 mg/g DW (Hn-59), which was 8.82-fold more productive than the lowest alkaloid producing line (Hn-25). Here, we established an efficient selection method on tropane alkaloids production and suggest that the Dragendorff's reagent is of great practical value in selection of invisible compounds.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.152-161
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• 2006

담낭암은 조기에 진단되지 않아 예후가 아주 나쁜 소화기암 중의 하나로, 담낭암 발생의 위험성을 예견한 담낭절제술의 대상을 정확히 규명하는 것이 중요하다. 담낭 용종의 크기, 개수, 담석의 유무, 환자의 나이가 담낭암 발생과 관련된 인자이며, 용종 크기 1 cm 이상, 동반된 담석증, 50세 이상, 증상이 있을 때, 관찰 기간 중 급격한 크기 변화가 있을 때 수술을 권하는 것이 좋을 것으로 판단되며, 췌담관 합류 기형이 발견되면 담낭을 반드시 절제 하여야 하며 수술 전 및 수술중 담낭암의 존재 여부를 세밀히 조사하는 것이 좋겠다. 만성 담낭염에서 보이는 담낭 점막의 화생 변화는 전암 병변으로 생각이 되며, 담낭염의 변종으로 생기는 황색육아종성 담낭염, 도재담낭 및 담낭 장관루 등에서 고빈도로 담낭암이 발생하고 있어, 염증성 변화 및 이의 지속되는 기간과 암 발생과는 밀접한 관계가 있을 것으로 사료 된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.620-631
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• 2015

A total of 59 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were isolated from corn stover silage. According to phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences and recA gene polymerase chain reaction amplification, these LAB isolates were identified as five species: Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum subsp. plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Enterococcus mundtii, Weissella cibaria and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, respectively. Those strains were also screened for antimicrobial activity using a dual-culture agar plate assay. Based on excluding the effects of organic acids and hydrogen peroxide, two L. plantarum subsp. plantarum strains ZZU 203 and 204, which strongly inhibited Salmonella enterica ATCC $43971^T$, Micrococcus luteus ATCC $4698^T$ and Escherichia coli ATCC $11775^T$ were selected for further research on sensitivity of the antimicrobial substance to heat, pH and protease. Cell-free culture supernatants of the two strains exhibited strong heat stability (60 min at $100^{\circ}C$), but the antimicrobial activity was eliminated after treatment at $121^{\circ}C$ for 15 min. The antimicrobial substance remained active under acidic condition (pH 2.0 to 6.0), but became inactive under neutral and alkaline condition (pH 7.0 to 9.0). In addition, the antimicrobial activities of these two strains decreased remarkably after digestion by protease K. These results preliminarily suggest that the desirable antimicrobial activity of strains ZZU 203 and 204 is the result of the production of a bacteriocin-like substance, and these two strains with antimicrobial activity could be used as silage additives to inhibit proliferation of unwanted microorganism during ensiling and preserve nutrients of silage. The nature of the antimicrobial substances is being investigated in our laboratory.

• ALGAE
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.177-187
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• 2020

Cyanobacteria have been widely reported to produce a variety of UV-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). Herein, we reported production of the unusual MAA, mycosporine-glycine-alanine (MGA) in the cyanobacterium Sphaerospermopsis torques-reginae ITEP-024 using a newly developed UHPLC-DAD-MS/HRMS (ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry) method. MGA had previously been first identified in a red-algae, but S. torques-reginae strain ITEP-024 is the first cyanobacteria to be reported as an MGA producer. Herein, the chemical structure of MGA is fully elucidated from one-dimensional / two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and HRMS data analyses. MAAs are unusually produced constitutively in S. torques-reginae ITEP-024, and this production was further enhanced following UV-irradiance. It has been proposed that MAA biosynthesis proceeds in cyanobacteria from the pentose phosphate pathway intermediate sedoheptulose 7-phosphate. Annotation of a gene cluster encoded in the genome sequence of S. torques-reginae ITEP-024 supports these gene products could catalyse the biosynthesis of MAAs. However, addition of glyphosate to cultures of S. torques-reginae ITEP-024 abolished constitutive and ultra-violet radiation induced production of MGA, shinorine and porphyra-334. This finding supports involvement of the shikimic acid pathway in the biosynthesis of MAAs by this species.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2006

Fluoroquinoles have a wide range of antimicrobial properties and are effective in the treatment of bacterial diseases in fish. The use of fluoroquinoles continues to grow steadily. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are probably the most important class used among synthetic antibiotics in human and veterinary medicines because of their broad activity spectrum and good oral absorption. This study was conducted to estimate the residue of antibiotics in four species of farmed fishes, including olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), black rock fish (Sebastes schlegeli), red sea bream (Pagrus major), and sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus), collected from fish farms located in the southern coastal area of Korea. The residues of fluoroquinolones were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector. Residuals of five fluoroquinolones in muscle tissue of farmed fish were analyzed. We found that enrofloxacin was the most common agent in fish muscle, and that ciprofloxacin was the next most common. The range of detected concentrations of fluoroquinolones in olive flounder muscle was 0-0.859 mg/kg in 32.6% of all samples. Enrofloxacin was commonly detected in sea bass muscle at a range of 0-0.143 mg/kg in 38.9% of all samples. Fluoroquinolones were detected in 6.9% of black rock fish muscle and in 16.6% of sea bream, although the detected concentration was below 0.01 mg/kg. The maximum detection value of enrofloxacin and ofloxacin in olive flounder at the time of shipping was 0.102 mg/kg and 0.09 mg/kg, respectively; no other antimicrobials were detected. We detected no antimicrobial substances in red sea bream.